垂直磁场下量子环的电子态

本文选取二维各向同性谐振子为基展开的波函数对垂直磁场下二维有限深圆柱形方势阱量子环中单电子的电子态进行相关的理论计算和分析。本文计算得到,在磁场强度取一定值的情况下,量子环的基态能出现在磁量子数m<0态,并且|m|依赖于磁场强度和量子环的内半径;随着磁场强度的增加,量子环基态从m=0态变成m=-1,-2,…态,而且本文计算得到的量子环的电子能级比无穷深势垒模型的能级略低。     

The State of Public Sector Unionism: Challenges and Opportunities

The face of unionism in the United States is becoming increasingly public sector. On the surface, public sector unionism appears as a bright spot for labor. A more careful examination of the data, however, reveals that such unionism is at a standstill. Absolute growth has been insufficient to offset losses in private industry, and it is largely tied to increases in public employment. Public employee unions face numerous serious challenges, and questions have been raised in the federal service about the very legitimacy of union representation. Future scenarios suggest that public sector unionism as a whole will likely remain in a more or less stagnant position.     

Unionism and the public sector

It is incorrect and misleading to speak of unionization as a ‘human right’. The only human right is ‘self-ownership’, i.e. to pursue goals with one's own abilities but with no force or fraud against others. Government cannot dispense rights, only privileges and protections to some at the expense of others. A minimal degree of coercion exercised by government is unavoidable. But labor unions are not governments. Government has granted significant privileges to unions in the private sector, but such are not appropriate for public sector unions.     

Organizing College Athletes Utilizing the Civil Rights Unionism Model

In January 2014, Northwestern University (NU) football players filed a certification election petition with the National Labor Relations Board’s (NLRB) Chicago regional office. After the NLRB ruled that they were employees having the legal right to unionize, the football players voted at the end of April 2014 with NU immediately appealing the regional director’s ruling after the balloting. In mid-August 2015, the Washington D.C. NLRB declined jurisdiction in this case, ending the football players’ unionization attempt. Because of the NLRB’s appellate ruling, however, unionization of college athletes remains a distinct possibility. Since a majority of U.S. collegiate basketball and football players are black, this paper argues that the model of unionism that should be adopted in any unionization attempt of these college athletes is civil rights unionism which represents a continuation of the historic, collective struggle of Black athletes to obtain their rights on athletic fields and in classrooms.     

Emergence of Political Unionism in Economies of British Colonial Origin: The Cases of Jamaica and Trinidad

Abstract . What were the circumstances under which political unionism has emerged in economies of British colonial origin, such as Jamaica and Trinidad? The hypothesis tested is that the political activities of trade unions in such economies played a role in the process of economic development, helping to achieve political independence and then economic growth. But at that stage political unionism is found to be incompatible with needed acceleration of growth rates. A significant deterioration in economic and social conditions produced a crisis and the unions traded support for the parties for some control over economic and social policy. This gave the political leaders the power they needed to negotiate for independence but, in Jamaica, it changed the focus and character of the labor movement.     

Political Unionism and Autonomy in Economies of British Colonial Origin: The Cases of Jamaica and Trinidad

A bstract . This investigation has shown that in developing countries an inconsistency arises between the need for more equitable distribution of income and wealth between classes and groups and the goals of an industrial relations system in which the trade unions are committed to 'political unionism.' While the unions helped to achieve independence and thus economic growth , in Jamaica the country moved into independence with a legacy of hardship and conflict, and of bad labor-management relations. Legitimate union demands were suppressed, producing a situation in which latent conflict became manifest. This became a permanent feature; the unions are encouraged to become militant political organizations which in Trinidad were alienated from the formal political structure. The type of unions and industrial relations systems that emerged after independence proved unsuitable and undesirable for achieving sustained rapid rates of economic growth, making reform of the labor relations system and the electoral process mandatory.     

Political Unionism and the Collective Objective in Economies of British Colonial Origin: The Cases of Jamaica and Trinidad

Abstract . Developing countries face an inconsistency between the need for more equitable distribution of income and wealth between classes and groups and the goals of an industrial relations system in which the trade unions have a systematic commitment to allied political parties to support them in exchange for some control over economic and social policy, or where unions compete with parties for popular support of certain social and political goals. This is designated as 'political unionism' in contradistinction to 'business unionism' where unions support any party whose overall strategy and objectives are most compatible. The analysis shows that ‘political unionism’ led, in Jamaica and in Trinidad and Tabago, to lags in growth which make industrial relations reform a necessity of an effective program of social change.     

战国时期的户籍制度

战国时期由于生产力的发展,个体劳动的普遍,地域关系的普遍存在及领土国家的形成推动了户籍制度走向成熟。户籍制度的内容包括名字、籍贯、身份、年龄与身高、身体健康状况和婚姻状况、财产、户籍的变动及个人向国家完税服役的情况。乡、里是户籍管理的最基本单位。户籍制度的成熟起到了巩固政权、稳定统治的作用,对后世的影响很大。     

美国和德国的风险投资

众所周知,美国的风险投资业非常发达,而日本和德国的风险投资资业却并不发达。本文利用经验数据从各国的资本市场差异中探讨造成这一差异的根源。本文的看法是：发害的股票市场和并购市场使得风险投资基金可以通过IPO或企业并购退出所投资企业。而完善的退出机制及通畅的退出渠道正是建立一个发达的风险投资业的前提条件。     

量子纠缠

量子力学是非定域的理论，这一点已被违背贝尔不等式的实验结果所证实，因此，量子力学展现出许多反直观的效应。量子力学中不能表示成直积形式的态称为纠缠态。纠缠态之间的关联不能被经典地解释。所谓量子纠缠指的是两个或多个量子系统之间存在非定域、非经典的强关联。量子纠缠涉及实在性、定域性、隐变量以及测量理论等量子力学的基本问题，并在量子计算和量子通信的研究中起着重要的作用。[第一段]     

量子信息学对信息安全的影响浅析

量子信息学是研究量子信息处理技术的科学。量子信息处理技术包括量子计算技术、量子密码和量子通信技术等,对信息安全的影响巨大。量子计算机和量子算法令许多曾经的数学难题被轻松破解,这威胁到众多传统密码体系的安全性,也使得防量子算法攻击的密码体系成为理论研究热点。量子密码和量子隐形传态可有效提高量子通信网络和量子签名技术的安全性。人们在研究量子信息学的过程中遇到了诸多挑战,亦取得的可喜进展。应当充分预估量子信息学对信息时代的商业、军事、网络、银行等领域的影响。     

基于量子三叉树的量子Black-Scholes期权定价

将量子概率引入到期权定价是最近几年一个新的研究趋势,也称为量子金融.为了期权定价更方便,文章建立了量子三叉树模型,同时利用量子概率建立了连续量子Black-Scholes(B-S)模型。实例应用和Matlab期权敏感性分析都验证了量子B-S优于经典B-S,从而为连续期权定价提供量子决策的途径。     

The pattern of demand in the United States.

The objective of this paper is to examine the demand for goods and services in the United States using the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS). The focus is on testing the theoretical properties of demand. The model fits the data well. The suggestion is that food, clothing, housing and transportation are necessities while medical care and recreation are luxuries. The notion of homogeneity is generally accepted while symmetry is soundly rejected. Finally, negativity is shown to hold.