商业银行票据资产管理业务发展的研究

近年,银行创新了以票据进行受托资产管理,实施专业运作的资产管理业务,其发展的动因在于我国金融市场深化发展促使银行传统票据贴现业务加快转型发展。未来,票据资产管理业务仍是银行票据业务经营转型的关键,票据资产管理业务发展的主要方面在于票据理财业务的再创新、票据资产证券化、票据资产托管和电子票据等领域的创新发展。     

票交所新业态下银行票据业务经营转型前瞻

上海票据交易所的建成运行是对我国传统纸质票据业务模式的重大革新,实现了票据业务全流程电子化处理和前、中、后台一体化运营管理。票交所新业态对银行票据业务经营模式、盈利模式、风险管控和业务创新等影响深远。未来,银行有望进一步深化票据业务集约化经营,转变票据业务风险防控模式,主动加快票据业务经营转型并优化票据经营机构组织体系设置。     

商业银行票据业务违规的原因分析及改进措施

目前商业银行票据业务发展势头强劲,但发展过程中也存在很多违规问题,影响了票据业务的发展,迫切需要采取有效措施,改进现行票据业务制度,防范票据业务风险。     

大型商业银行票据事业部制改革刍议

近年来,作为商业银行新兴业务之一的票据业务发展迅速,国内商业银行票据业务集约经营模式日渐成熟,部分大型商业银行票据业务事业部制改革条件已基本具备。本文在对国内商业银行票据业务事业部制改革意义、必要条件和可能利弊进行论证的基础上,对具有条件的大型商业银行票据业务事业部制改革思路进行了探讨。     

票据融资支持实体经济发展的现状、问题与对策研究

实体经济是我国票据融资业务发展的原动力,企业签发的银行承兑汇票主要集中于制造业和批发零售业。金融机构票据承兑和贴现业务对实体经济发展发挥着重要的直接支持作用;同时还通过完善货币政策传导和深化金融市场功能,对实体经济发展发挥着间接支持作用。票据融资支持实体经济及自身发展存在的问题主要有:货币政策调整中票据业务发展波动性明显削弱了票据业务支持经济发展的作用;票据承兑业务和贴现业务发展的非均衡对货币政策传导产生不利影响;支持实体经济发展所需的中小企业票据业务发展相对不足;商业承兑汇票发展严重滞后妨碍了票据融资支持实体经济作用的发挥。本文认为,应从完善票据业务加快发展的法规政策框架、加快推进全国性票据市场建设进程、培育商业信用、加大企业商业承兑汇票业务发展等方面改进票据业务支持实体经济发展作用的发挥。     

新政策

<正>银监会明文禁止票据信托存续业务不得展期近日,中国银监会正式下发文件禁止票据信托业务。根据这份名为《关于信托公司票据信托业务等有关事项的通知》要求,信托公司不得与商业银行开展各种形式的票据资产转让/受让业务。目前,票据信托     

创新票据业务促进上海自贸区建设

加快上海自贸区票据业务创新发展,有利于支持自贸区企业结算需求的快速增长,促进跨境人民币便捷支付及改善金融机构资产负债管理。文章在分析当前票据业务发展制约因素的基础上,从完善票据业务法规制度、加快电子票据业务发展、引导境外人民币参加银行参与电子商业汇票业务、在上海自贸区内先行先试融资性票据业务等方面,就推进票据业务创新发展、服务上海自贸区建设提出相关政策建议。     

对湘潭市票据融资情况的调查与思考

一、当前票据融资业务发展现况及特点 随着国家宏观调控政策和经济社会发展的变化,票据融资业务进入了一个快速发展的新阶段.从调查情况看,湘潭市票据融资业务呈现出"票据融资业务发展快,票据融资业务三集中,票据融资品种单一,民间票据融资活跃"的特点.     

宏观调控对票据市场影响调查：以柳州为例

在宏观调控的背景下,柳州票据市场再贴现业务再度活跃,贴现利率回升至合理水平,票据业务创新进展顺利;但是,也产生了票据业务规模大幅收缩,票据市场的深度下降,票据业务集中度进一步提高,商业承兑汇票培育推广难度加大,办理银行承兑汇票的业务门槛逐步提高等不利影响。为推进票据市场健康发展,本文提出要调整票据经营规模和结构,加快社会信用体系建设,完善贴现利率形成机制,支持中小金融机构票据业务发展等对策建议。     

票据融资的影子银行属性辨析与票据市场监管及创新发展——基于制度创新的视角

非正规金融体系票据融资交易是典型的影子银行交易行为,容易成为影子银行的交易对象,票据理财产品的业务属性应在支持票据业务创新发展中逐步厘清。融资性票据是影子银行的投资对象,票据融资存在着套利空间和承兑与贴现业务不相匹配是其重要原因。中国应把影子银行纳入整体性监管框架,加强对票据业务合规监管,并以制度创新促进票据业务有序健康发展。     

The translation and sedimentation of accounting reforms. A comparison of the UK,Austrian and Italian experiences

Since the late 1980s, there has been a significant and progressive movement away from the traditional Public Administration (PA) systems, in favour of NPM-type accounting tools and ideas inspired by the private sector. More recently, a new focus on governance systems, under the banner Public Governance (PG), has emerged. In this paper it is argued that reforms are not isolated events, but are embedded in more global discourses of modernisation and influenced by the institutional pressures present in a certain field at certain points in time. Using extensive document analysis in three countries with different administrative regimes (the UK, Italy and Austria), we examine public sector accounting and budgeting reforms and the underlying discourses put forward in order to support the change. We investigate the extent to which the actual content of the reforms and the discourses they are embedded within are connected over time; that is, whether, and to what degree, the reform “talk” matches the “decisions”. The research shows that in both the UK and in Italy there is consistency between the debates and the decided changes, although the dominant discourse in each country differs, while in Austria changes are decided gradually, and only after they have been announced well in advance in the political debate. We find that in all three countries the new ideas and concepts layer and sediment above the existing ones, rather than replace them. Although all three countries underwent similar accounting and budgeting reforms and relied on similar institutional discourses, each made its own specific translation of the ideas and concepts and is characterised by a specific formation of sedimentations. In addition, the findings suggest that, at present in the three countries, the PG discourse is used to supplement, rather than supplant, other prevailing discourses.     

Changes in Income Distributions and the Role of Tax‐Benefit Policy During the Great Recession: An International Perspective

In this paper, we examine the impact of the economic crisis and the policy reaction on inequality and relative poverty in four European countries: France, Germany, Ireland and the UK. The period examined, 2008–13, was one of great economic turmoil, yet it is unclear whether changes in inequality and poverty rates over this time period were mainly driven by changes in market income distributions or by tax‐benefit policy reforms. We disentangle these effects by producing counterfactual (‘no reform') scenarios using tax‐benefit microsimulation and representative household surveys for each country. For the first stage of the Great Recession, we find that the policy reaction contributed to stabilising or even decreasing inequality and relative poverty in the UK, France and, especially, Ireland. Market income changes nonetheless pushed up inequality and relative poverty in France. Relative poverty increased in Germany as a result of policy responses combined with market income changes. Subsequent policy reforms, in the later stage of the crisis, had markedly different cross‐country effects, decreasing overall poverty in France, increasing it in Ireland, and giving mixed effects for different subgroups in Germany and the UK.     

Auditing standards,increased accounting disclosure,and information asymmetry: Evidence from an emerging market

The interest in accounting disclosure and audit quality by academics, practitioners, and regulators heightened following the various financial reporting scandals, and subsequent legislative and professional response to these scandals. An important question is whether the implementation of stricter auditing standards such as those mandated by the US Sarbanes-Oxley Act would improve the information environment of firms whose shares are publicly traded. In this paper, I investigate the link between information asymmetry, measured by bid-ask spread, and increased accounting disclosures following the adoption of new auditing standards in China—an environment in which disclosure hitherto was relatively low. I report the following primary results of the statistical analyses. First, information asymmetry cost is substantial in the Chinese order-driven emerging markets. Second, the firms in the sample experienced significant reductions in their bid-ask spreads subsequent to the adoption of the new auditing standards. Third, the reductions in the bid-ask spreads were abrupt and permanent. However, no significant result is found for firms in the control group with foreign ownership, whose financial statements were prepared in accordance with international accounting standards and were audited with international auditing standards. The results have implications for policy makers and regulators in general, and those in emerging markets in particular.     

Geographic Inequality in Income and Mortality in Germany*

We use data from the German Federal Statistical Office on population counts, births, deaths and income to study the development of socio‐economic inequality in mortality rates from 1990 to 2015 for different age groups and both genders. Ranking the 401 German districts by average disposable income per capita, we observe large inequalities in district‐level mortality rates in 1990, which had almost disappeared, or at least been flattened considerably, by 2015 particularly for infants, children and the very old. The most important driver of this reduction in inequality is German reunification in 1990. As indicated by more detailed analyses comparing districts in the former East and the former West, even five years after reunification there was a large gap in disposable income, with all Eastern districts considerably poorer than the poorest district in the West. At the same time, mortality rates were higher for all age groups and both genders in the East. Income has caught up, to the extent that there are equally poor districts in the East and West in most recent years (although the West is still much richer on average). Mortality rates in the East have improved considerably and are even below mortality rates for similarly poor districts in the West in the most recent data.     

The impact of the introduction of the Euro on foreign exchange rate risk exposures

This paper tests whether significant changes in stock return volatility, market risk, and foreign exchange rate risk exposures took place around the launch of the Euro in 1999. The experiment analyzes weekly returns for 3220 nonfinancial firms from 18 European countries, the United States, and Japan. We find that though the Euro's launch was associated with an increase in total stock return volatility, significant reductions in market risk exposures arose for nonfinancial firms both in and outside of Europe. We show that the reductions in market risk were concentrated in firms domiciled in the Euro area and in non-Euro firms with a high fraction of foreign sales or assets in Europe. The Euro's introduction led to a net absolute decrease in the foreign exchange rate exposure of nonfinancial firms, but these changes are statistically and economically small. We interpret our findings in the context of existing theories of exchange rate risk management.     

Strategic insider trading around earnings announcements in Australia

This paper tests, within the Australian setting, whether directors strategically time trades in their own firms, around earnings announcements, in the context of impediments to trading in the immediately preceding period. I show that both signed and unsigned trade activity are insignificantly different from zero in the preceding period, and significantly negative and positive after the event. Further, directors in Australia significantly sell following positive earnings news, and buy after negative news, providing evidence of ‘indirect’ trading. Directors’ trades in the longer-term pre-announcement period are also negatively related to the news content sentiment, contrary to expectation. Finally, I find evidence of positive autocorrelation between directors’ trades over the longer-term past, and those executed after earnings announcements, which, in the absence of the ‘short-swing’ rule in Australia, casts doubt over short-term strategic insider trading, more generally.     

ESG,time horizons,risks and stock returns

Investment time horizon is an important part of significance of ESG factors. This research examines the role of ESG factors in returns and risks in short- and medium-term investment periods. It compares (a) the returns and risks of ESG portfolios between before scoring and after scoring, and (b) the returns and risks between ESG portfolios and their peers.The main results suggest that after scoring most short-term ESG portfolios have similar returns, but lower risks than before scoring. The returns of ESG portfolios are similar to those of nonESG portfolios for both short- and medium-term. There are more ESG portfolios, whose risks are different from nonESG portfolios, in the short-term investment than in the medium-term.ESG factors therefore play a greater role in risks than in returns, and in the short-term than in the medium-term. Additionally, the role of ESG factors in risks varies from industry to industry.     

Pension fund manager skills over the economic cycle: the (non-)specialization cost

We study whether pension fund managers, as professionals of important social and financial products, are able to add value for their clients and adapt to economic changes. To this end, we analyze the performance and skills (market timing and stock picking) over the economic cycle from both pension fund and manager perspectives. This double analysis allows examining whether skills reside in managers and/or funds and control for manager substitutions. Despite the long-term nature of pension funds, we find that both fund and manager skills vary with market conditions, showing better evidence of stock-picking in booms, and of market timing in recessions. Nonetheless, top (bottom) funds and managers exhibit both (incorrect) skills in booms and in recessions. Some of the top (bottom) funds and managers are the best (worst) in both abilities in the same periods, but not in different periods, showing that not all managers have the ability to adapt to market conditions. Additionally, managers with limited skills tend to specialize because diversification requires multi-task skills and the non-specialization of these managers usually results in incorrect skills.     

Modernity,space-based patriarchy and global capitalism: implications for Syrian women accountants

This paper contributes to the current literature on gender, modernity, patriarchy and accounting by bringing insights into the experiences of women accountants in Syria: an Arab and predominantly Muslim country. By doing so, this paper enhances understanding of women's interrelationship with accounting beyond the Anglo-American context that currently dominates the research agenda on gender and accounting. Face-to-face interviews with 20 women accountants were carried out in Syria in 2008. This study reveals that in the context of global capitalism and patriarchy, factors of class, alienation, tradition and economic difficulties are contributing to the subordinated role of women in society in general and in the accounting profession in particular. The increased commercialisation of the accounting profession in the Arab world, including Syria, has resulted in socio-economic hierarchies and discriminatory practices, where interviewees spoke of discrimination based on class, sex and on the knowledge held. Further, despite advances to Syrian women's access to the public space, the public space for Syrian women accountants often operates based largely on how men act in this space. Men (and socially/financially advantaged women) often occupy aspects of the public (accounting) space that are perceived to be more significant and better financially rewarded. Thus, the dichotomy of public/private spaces in this study is understood in a broader sense to incorporate the symbolic as well as spatial aspects. This paper concludes that the accounting profession's aspirations need to be challenged through critically evaluating and redefining work roles and values to ensure emancipation for women. Furthermore, in the Arab world, dominant patriarchal structures will only be challenged and changed when obstacles preventing women from enjoying their human rights and contributing fully in society are addressed and eliminated.     

Recent Trends in the Size and the Distribution of Inherited Wealth in the UK

In this paper, we use HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) estate statistics and micro data from four UK household surveys to examine changes in the size, the composition and the distribution of inherited wealth in the UK over the period 1985?2010. Our findings indicate that the period under examination is characterised by a substantial increase in the flow of inheritance. This increase, which was particularly marked in the early 2000s, was mainly driven by an increase in housing inheritance, which in turn reflected the rise in house prices and, to a lesser extent, the increase in the proportion of inheritances that included housing assets. The distribution of inheritance amongst recipients became more unequal over this period. However, the inequality‐increasing effect from the greater dispersion in the distribution of inheritance was counterbalanced by the increase in the percentage of the population who received an inheritance, resulting in a small decrease in the inequality of inheritance for the population overall. Analysis of the distribution of inheritance by socio‐economic status suggests a positive association between inheritance and socio‐economic status, with some evidence suggesting that this association might have strengthened over time. Overall, however, the value of inheritance for most people is rather small and the differences across groups rather moderate.