粮食主产区农村公共产品投入对农业增长的影响分析

粮食主产区在中国农业生产格局中占有非常重要的地位,加大对粮食主产区农村公共产品投入有利于实现农业长期、稳定增长。本文运用1993—2007年粮食主产区13个省的面板数据分析了公共产品投入对粮食主产区农业增长的影响,分析表明,农村教育、农村电力、农村公路和农田水利等公共投入对农业增长有正向促进作用,其中农村教育的弹性最高,农村电力的贡献份额最大。     

E-Business in the Agricultural Input Industries

A variety of factors are creating pressure for increased use of information technologies and e-business concepts in the agricultural input industries. Understanding where information technology and e-business concepts will add value to the distribution channels for agricultural inputs requires an understanding of the needs of the two primary agents in the channel: agricultural producers and manufacturers. In this paper, a framework for understanding the changes information technology and e-business may bring to the distribution channel is developed. In addition, some of the attitudes of managers toward e-business and the impacts of information technologies for the agricultural inputs industries are considered.     

农业女性化对农业发展的影响

本文以社区为基础,从微观社会学视角,通过对留守妇女从事农业生产状况的实地调查,在分析农业女性化现状、妇女在农业生产中遇到的问题及其能动性应对策略的基础上,探讨了农业女性化对农业发展的影响.研究发现,留守妇女在农业生产中遇到劳动力不足、没有掌握生产技术、购买生产资料难等问题,她们主要采取延长劳动时间、多途径学习农业技术和合理利用劳动力、调整农业生产结构的策略来积极应对这些困难.研究认为,农业女性化不一定带来农业生产的退化,但留守妇女对家庭粮食安全的考虑会影响粮食作物的种植面积及国家的粮食安全,农业技术推广工作应考虑留守妇女进行农业生产的需求,也应出台新的政策和市场调控措施鼓励妇女的农业生产积极性.     

Internet and E-Commerce Adoption by Agricultural Input Firms

By 1999, most agricultural input firms used company Web sites and adopted some type of Internet strategy. However, far fewer engaged in e-commerce with most activity occurring with suppliers (channel partners) rather than with end customers. Firms perceiving greater logistics and inventory management gains were more engaged in e-commerce activity. The ease of information access, more product choices, easier product comparisons, and improved buying convenience were expected to support farmer e-commerce adoption. However, firm managers indicate that a key to expanding farmers' e-commerce activity is the ability to build personal relationships over the Internet that satisfy farmers' service needs.     

WTO农业谈判与中国农业政策实践

农业政策是多哈回合的核心谈判议题之一。农业谈判结果对于多边贸易体制的稳定、经济全球化的进程、贸易自由化等给各成员国带来的福利具有极其重要的意义。作为世界上最大的发展中国家,中国农业政策所受到的影响更是引人注目。     

试析我国农业技术推广中的财政投入

本文认为，农业技术推广投资的主体应该是政府，但是无论从总量、人均费用还是从经费保障程度上看，我国财政对于农业技术推广的支持都不够。这导致了很多地方“有钱养兵、无钱打仗”，甚至“网破、线断、人散”，严重制约了我国农业技术的进步。     

Food Product Acceptance in Foreign Distribution Channels

This article examines some of the factors associated with gaining product acceptance by middlemen in export channels. Our thesis is that a major problem for (potential) exporters is not so much to select, but rather to be selected by middlemen in the target country. If significant differences of opinion occur between exporter and importer regarding the importance of certain product and/or organizational factors, the product acceptance decision may be negative. This study focuses on the opinions of U.S. importers and Dutch exporters of food and beverage products with respect to the final step of the import-export interaction model; the buying decision.     

Power and Conflict in Jordanian Food Distribution Channels

The purpose of this study is to examine power and conflict relationshios in food distribution channels in Jordan. A random sample of 178 food retailers has been selected from three major cities in Jordan. The results of the analyses indicate that food retailers attribute more power to those wholesalers who provide high quality assistances (noncoercive power sources) and who are perceived as more likely to use punishments (coercive power sources). Also, the food retailers who perceive their wholesalers as likely to use coercive sources and/or provide assistances (noncoercive sources) have more conflict with those wholesalers. The relationships between the actual use of power and both attributed power and conflict were found to be positive.     

论自然资本投入与农业可持续发展

长期以来，人们注重物质资本的投入而轻视自然资本的投入，由此带来巨大的经济损失。本文试图从农业可持续发展与自然资本投入的关系入手，来探究自然资本投入的重要性，以及如何通过自然资本的凤入来实现农业的可持续发展。     

我国新农业政策效果分析

粮食直接补贴、良种补贴、农机补贴和减免农业税政策是我国近几年新出台的几项农业政策措施，对于这些政策措施实施效果的分析，目前大多还处于定性阶段。本文利用国际上农业政策效果评价的重要方法之一——实证数学规划模型（Positive Mathematical Programming，PMP模型），基于在河北、河南和山东省5个县340户农户调查数据，对这几项政策措施的效果从对粮食产量和农民收入影响两个角度进行了定量分析，并对其政策含义进行了解释。     

我国农业资源转换的制度环境分析

农业资源多种多样 ,有其自身的特性 ,如土地具有不可移动性 ,同样的光、热、水条件下既可种植粮食作物 ,又可生产经济作物。对农业来说 ,应以充分发挥资源效益来选择生产项目 ,而资源效益的充分发挥是以资源能自由流动作为前提条件的。在我国 ,区际农业资源转换已成为农业发展的必然。所谓“农业资源转换” ,就是利用区域的自然、地理相对比较优势 ,在有利于各地区生产者收益最大化前提下 ,通过区域间合理分工 ,生产要素优化配置 ,使全国土地产出率和劳动生产率均达到一个新高度①。在农业资源转换中粮食生产是核心 ,要安排好粮食与其他农作…