巩固成果规范管理实现铁路支线改革的新突破

全面总结铁路支线改革经验 ,阐述了推进支线改革的重要意义 ,论述了如何深化支线改革及做好支线改革新突破的试点工作     

铁路支线体制改革模式探讨

经过近10年的理论和实践探索,铁路支线体制改革日渐成熟。通过对支线改革的回顾,从当前我国对国企改革的政策要求和铁路企业特别是铁路支线的实际情况出发,通过对铁路支线经营数据的分析,对几种改革模式进行了比较,提出公司制是支线改革的最有效模式,区域性支线公司和区段性支线公司可作为过渡性模式,在现阶段也是扭亏的可选模式,关闭扭亏无望的铁路支线是改革的明智选择。     

对支线改革和核算问题的建议

通过对北京局支线单独核算盈亏情况和宁苛支线盈亏分析，反映出支线改革中存 在的主要问题，提出了对支线改革的相关建议和思考。     

亏损支线改革探索

分析了支线改革对于铁路扭亏增盈及实行资产经营责任制的重要意义，介绍了沈阳铁路局亏损支线改革的主要措施，探讨了如何推进支线改革。     

铁路支线改革的实践与思考

推进铁路支线改革，是铁道部“期间扭亏为盈的一项重要举措，通过对济南铁路局管内几条支线改革情况的分析和论述，对铁路支线的改革提出了有益的建议。     

对永嘉支线剥离的思考

对永嘉支线剥离的思考张建华铁路支线是铁路网中的重要组成部分，承担着为铁路大动脉、主干线分担、疏通、集散客货流等任务。然而，目前全国１５０多条支线近９０％亏损，背上了沉重的成本包袱。支线改革势在必行。在目前铁路运输系统大的改革尚未全面推开的情况下，支线...     

整合运作 模拟法人实体经营的支线改革方案

从剖析礼垣、介西支线运营状况和改革方案入手,提出了支线改革设想、改革原则和基本框架,并对有关支线进行整合运作,模拟法人实体经营后所产生的积极效能做了展望。     

关于深化铁路支线改革的若干思考

分析了支线改革的必要性 ,结合支线改革实践 ,提出了优化政策、改革运输组织、实施主副并重战略、转换经营机制等四方面的深化改革建议。     

三江—万盛支线铁路运输管理的思考

介绍三江—万盛支线的基本情况,分析在运输组织和管理方面存在的问题,提出三万支线运输组织改革建议:实现区域调度集中、自主指挥;实现支线岗位定员全面优化;通过改革机车运用模式、调车作业模式、货运和装卸办理方式、支线列车开行计划和下达方式、施工组织方式等措施,实现运能与效率的大幅提升。最后分析论述了运输组织改革的预期效果。     

推进铁路支线改革的探索与实践

从强化管理基础、推进机制创新、完善管理方式以及优化改革环境、深化支线改革等三方面具体阐述了南昌铁路局在推进支线改革中 ,如何因线制宜 ,建立相应的管理体制和经营机制。     

Conceptualising Customer‐to‐customer Value Co‐creation in Tourism

The notion that tourists actively co‐create value with organisations is increasingly acknowledged in tourism marketing. Yet, not much is known about the processes in play when customers co‐create value with each other. This conceptual paper offers a theoretical basis for the study of customer‐to‐customer co‐creation in tourism contexts, while debating the epistemological assumptions of value‐related research in tourism. Proposed conceptual framework posits that value is socially constructed and embedded in tourists' social practices. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Domestic tourism destination choices — a choice modelling analysis

Tourism destinations compete with each other to attract visitors. Although international tourism has received a lot of attention, domestic tourism remains the mainstay for many destinations. To inform the basis on which destinations compete, an understanding of the determinants of destination choices is required. In this paper, the discrete choice modelling method is applied to investigate the determining factors underlying the short‐break holiday destination choices of prospective tourists from Melbourne, Australia. The results from an estimated nested logit model indicate the relative importance of a number of destination and trip attributes and respondent characteristics. The model results are used to simulate the effects on destinations' market shares resulting from various changes in attributes and tourist characteristics. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

铁路“门到门”全程物流服务研究

从市场需求、基础运营条件、运输成本、运输时效性和服务能力等方面,分析铁路"门到门"全程物流服务的主要影响因素,提出发展铁路"门到门"全程物流服务的对策,即满足多样化市场需求、完善铁路设施设备、降低运输成本、提高运输时效性、提升服务能力,使铁路运输形成强有力的市场竞争力,最终实现铁路增运上量。     

The political economy of parking charges in “first” and “second-best” worlds

The paper explores ways in which economists view parking charges within the context of policy formulation. Recent trends in economic analysis have taken more note of the institutional structure in which decisions are made; institutions embracing both formal structures such as laws but also the de facto ways in which actual outcomes emerge. While this distinction is often applied to final consumers, it also has relevance for those setting and enforcing micro economic policies such as parking policies. Taking a neo-classical economic approach would lead parking policies in one direction, but allowing for transactions costs, hysteresis, second-best factors, game-playing, etc. as well as normative concerns over equity of various kinds, all of which reflect institutional structures, can lead into a variety of others. The aim is to explain why current parking policies deviate from classical economic ideals.     

How airlines learn from airline accidents: An empirical study of how attributed errors and performance feedback affect learning from failure

This research examined organizational learning factors by asking whether airlines learn more from internally or externally attributed causes of airline accidents. Our dependent variable, organizational learning, was defined as a decrease in subsequent airline accident rates. To test the moderating effect of performance feedback, we predicted that performance relative to aspiration level would negatively moderate the relationship between the attribution of airline accidents and the subsequent accident rate. Overall, the findings of this research revealed that the greater the proportion of internally attributed causes is, the more likely it is that an airline will learn from its accidents and will experience a lower subsequent accident rate. In addition, our findings regarding the moderating effect of performance feedback showed that airlines performing below their aspiration levels are more likely to learn from internally attributed causes of accidents and will therefore experience a lower subsequent accident rate. We conducted this investigation by collecting data from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) database for all of the accidents (accidents and incidents) experienced by U.S. commercial airlines during the 1990–2014 period. Our research findings provide implications for future studies that discuss the factors affecting organizational learning.     

Rural tourism — meeting the challenges of the new South Africa

Rural tourism in South Africa has undergone fundamental change since the advent of political democracy in 1995. Previously perceived as a ‘white man's thing’, rural tourism is increasingly finding a home amongst South Africa's formerly marginalised rural communities. The country has considerable potential in attracting tourists in search of new, exciting experiences in areas of unexploited natural beauty and rich cultural resources. The concept of rural tourism has mushroomed to include adventure tourism activities, cultural tourism and, lately, a new phenomenon in rural communities known as ‘township tourism’. There are, however, substantial challenges to be overcome if the rural tourism sector is to achieve its goals. These include a lack of capacity at local government level, the difficulties involved in operationalising community‐based rural tourism and the dearth of entrepreneurial expertise, management skills and capital with which to expand the rural tourism infrastructure. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.