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Continuous cash flow payment is the key element to complete the payment framework. While discrete cash flow payment matches the event of exchange of goods, continuous cash flow payment can closely match the process of exchange of services. We discovered that by embedding continuous cash flow models into a settlement system, continuous cash flow payment is doable under recent FinTech environment. This article constructs this novel continuous cash flow payment framework and theorizes payment practices into a unified framework. 相似文献
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本文主要研究电子支付对现金支付的替代效应.首先将我国的电子支付划分为两大类,即银行卡支付和第三方支付,在此基础上建立向量误差修正模型(VECM),并进行脉冲响应分析和方差分解,分别分析银行卡支付和第三方支付对现金需求的替代效应,最终得出结论,并提出针对性建议:加强数据采集,完善数据共享机制,建设全面的支付货币统计体系;... 相似文献
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缴纳税款后又骗取出口退税行为应当定性为骗取出口退税行为。学界对此行为性质产生争议的根本原因在于我国刑法第204条第2款的规定立法本意有误;违背犯罪构成理论,混淆了偷税罪与骗取出口退税罪的界限;违背罪刑相适应原则;违背禁止分割评价的定罪原则;违背罪数理论;是立法随意的表现。本款规定既不科学也不合理,应予删除。 相似文献
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We propose a bargaining model of tax evasion with a seller that offers a price discount to a buyer in exchange for a cash payment without a receipt, which allows tax evasion. We study the effect on evasion and government revenue of two policy instruments: a tax on cash withdrawals (TCW), which imposes a cost on the buyers who pay cash, and a tax rebate conditional on having the receipt. The tax rebate reduces evasion but it is costly if tax evasion is low. The TCW reduces evasion only if it is set at a sufficiently high rate, which must be higher the larger is the mass of cash users. We also show that the implementation of a TCW, which poses several challenges, is easier if the cost of cash hoarding is high. 相似文献
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We investigate the cash holdings policy of family firms and examine potential value implications. Family firms hold more cash than other firms, with an average difference of 2.3% of total assets. This result is driven by firms managed by heir CEOs. While the cash holdings policy of first‐generation family firms is more sensitive to firm risk, consistent with founders’ increased risk aversion, that of later‐generation firms is more sensitive to information asymmetry and agency conflicts. Heir CEOs’ cash policies destroy value, as the marginal value of an additional Euro suffers from a 38.3‐cent discount, on average, relative to non‐family firms. 相似文献
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电子商务环境下的国际逃税与避税 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
由于电子商务的迅速发展和各国税收立法的相对滞后,电子商务逃、避税问题日益突出。各国根据电子商务环境下的国际逃、避税的新特点,在原有防范措施的基础上,采取了一些新的措施,如加强税务机关自身信息化建设、提高网络技术、推行电子商务税收登记制度、从支付体系入手解决电子商务税收的征管问题,加强国际间的交流与合作等。 相似文献
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自由现金流、现金股利与中国上市公司过度投资 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
处于经理人控制之下的自由现金流有可能被投入到损害公司价值的非盈利项目上,从而导致过度投资。股利代理成本理论认为,较高的股利支付水平可以迫使经理人“吐出”自由现金流,从而降低企业自由现金流代理成本。但本文实证研究表明,中国上市公司过度投资程度与现金股利支付水平无关。其原因在于,上市公司股利政策受到监管层政策驱动因素的影响,造成股利政策扭曲,并被“异化”为大股东“利益输送”的一种手段。 相似文献
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Marius van Oordt 《Fiscal Studies》2018,39(3):489-515
To reduce the tax burden on the poor, nearly every VAT system allows for special treatment of certain goods or services. Zero‐rating the supply of certain foodstuffs is a prominent example of this practice. Using data on South Africa, this paper considers whether taxing foodstuffs alongside compensating cash transfers may be preferred to zero‐rating foodstuffs in a developing country context. The results show that cash transfers may be preferred if all the additional revenue from eliminating the zero rate can be earmarked and government is perfectly efficient. In the likely absence of earmarking and perfect efficiency, developing countries may need to apply special treatment to some foodstuffs to protect the poor. If this is the case, it is proposed that zero‐rating can be preferred to the exemption of certain foodstuffs. 相似文献
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现金投放需求函数研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
熊正栋 《中央财经大学学报》2002,(6):12-16
调控现金投放总量 ,是把握货币供给的核心和关键 ;物价实际上涨率与物价合理上涨率的背离 ,是判断货币均衡与否的主要标志 ;研究现金投放量不应忽视资本市场上现金存量的变动 相似文献
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Arindam Das-Gupta Shanto Ghosh Dilip Mookherjee 《International Tax and Public Finance》2004,11(5):575-600
This paper evaluates effects on tax compliance of simple reforms in personnel policy in the Indian income tax administration. Taxpayers voluntarily disclosing higher incomes are currently assigned to special assessment units. To avoid this, high income taxpayers have an added incentive to understate their incomes. Empirical evidence consistent with this hypothesis is found. It explains spillover effects of enforcement efforts across assessment units. We incorporate these spillovers in estimating revenue effects of increased support staff. The results imply significant compliance gains would accrue from expanded staff employment and changes in assignment procedures for staff and taxpayers. 相似文献
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最优税收理论主要研究税制的最优设计问题,而逃税理论主要致力于政府的最优执行问题,最近出现了将这两种理论结合起来的研究趋势。结合逃税的最优税收理论,包括最优所得税和最优商品税等内容,研究结果表明:结合逃税的最优税收理论并不能得出比标准最优税收理论更为明确的政策结论,其还有待于进一步的研究和发展。 相似文献
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Mike O'Doherty 《Fiscal Studies》2014,35(3):297-339
Equilibrium behaviour is one of the fundamental concepts of economics: that each player's strategy is a best response to their beliefs about other players' strategies (and that these beliefs are realised). It is therefore striking that one of the most utilised economic models of tax compliance (Allingham and Sandmo, 1972) lacks this property as random audit selection is not a best response for the tax administration. The game theory literature of tax compliance has solved the equilibrium under assumptions of perfect information, full rationality and representative agents (Reinganum and Wilde, 1986; Erard and Feinstein, 1994). The recent application of behavioural economics to tax compliance (Hashimzade et al., 2014) allows richer assumptions such as heterogeneity and asymmetric information to be included in agent‐based models. This paper investigates the tax administration's best‐response audit strategy with heterogeneous taxpayers, imperfect information and evolutionary survival of taxpayers. It finds that, under these conditions, the tax administration's best‐response audit strategy is an adaptive learning approach and not a well‐defined audit function. This fits with actual practice of ‘predictive analytics’ by OECD tax administrations. Behavioural game theory also predicts that when actors are information rich, adaptive learning will dominate abstract thinking. 相似文献
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Prior studies document that national culture traits are systematically related to cash holdings and attribute this to managerial cultural predispositions. However, it is possible that these preferences reflect investors’ cultural preferences and that managers are simply catering to investors’ preferences. It is also not clear whether the cash holding effects previously documented are value maximizing. By examining the impact of national culture traits on cash valuation, we are able to provide insight into these questions. Specifically, we examine the effect of three national culture traits – individualism, uncertainty avoidance and long‐term orientation – on firm cash valuation. Our results suggest that the previously observed effects of cultural traits on cash holdings and attributed to managerial cultural biases do not reflect investors’ preferences and are not value maximizing. 相似文献
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On the Determinants of SME Cash Holdings: Evidence from Spain 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Pedro J. García-Teruel Pedro Martínez-Solano 《Journal of Business Finance & Accounting》2008,35(1-2):127-149
Abstract: This work analyses the factors that might explain the level of cash holdings in a sample of 860 small and medium-sized firms from Spain during the period 1996–2001. The empirical results show that firms have a target cash level to which they attempt to converge. The level of this target is higher for firms with more growth opportunities and larger cash flows. In contrast, the target level for cash holdings falls when the use of bank debt and the presence of substitutes for cash increase. Moreover, when the interest rates in the economy increase firms reduce their cash holding. 相似文献
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While the provision of a cash discount is equivalent to a reduction in price, the role of price elasticity of demand in determining credit terms has been neglected in the extant literature. In this paper, this role is investigated and it is shown that the optimal cash discount rate is affected by the price elasticity of demand for the firm's product. The comparative effects on the optimal cash discount rate with respect to exogenous changes in the fraction of credit sales paid after taking cash discount, the cost of short-term funds and the bad debt loss ratio are investigated. A trade-off between the time value gain and the price elasticity of demand is established. We find that firms which sell in locations having different price elasticities for their products, and/or which face various costs of short-term funds in different locations, should vary their cash discount terms accordingly. 相似文献
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Gopal V. Krishnan & James A. Largay III 《Journal of Business Finance & Accounting》2000,27(1&2):215-245
This research examines the predictive ability of direct method cash flow information for firms that use the direct method in their cash flow statements. We use cross sectional and pooled time series regressions to predict operating cash flow data and assess relative predictive ability. Principal findings are: (1) past period direct method cash flow data predict future operating cash flow better than indirect method cash flow data; (2) past period direct method gross operating cash flows predict future net operating cash flow better than past period net operating cash flow; (3) measurement error exists in estimates of direct method operating cash flows from other financial statement data; (4) past operating cash flows predict future operating cash flows better than earnings and accruals. 相似文献
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We investigate the ability of disclosed operating cash flow and indirect accruals components to explain annual returns for a sample of Australian firms. Consistent with claims made by accounting standard setters, we find evidence of significant explanatory power for disclosed operating cash flow components beyond aggregate operating cash flows when they also have significant incremental predictive power for future (one year ahead) operating cash flows. Accrual components also have incremental explanatory power for returns. In addition, we find evidence of significant explanatory power for operating cash flow components beyond estimates of the components (based on other financial statement disclosures) for firms with large differences between disclosed and estimated components. 相似文献