双元控制主体企业现金交易逃税研究

随着现代企业所有权和控制权的分离,所有者和经营者都有可能在公司经营过程中做出逃税决策。双元控制主体企业采取现金交易的方式逃避增值税。除税率和税收部门的稽查力度以外,产品成本、销售利润和市场竞争状况均会对企业的逃税决策产生影响。此外,双元控制主体企业在其经营管理过程中的“内耗”,也在一定程度上影响企业的逃税水平。     

电子支付对现金支付的替代效应研究

本文主要研究电子支付对现金支付的替代效应.首先将我国的电子支付划分为两大类,即银行卡支付和第三方支付,在此基础上建立向量误差修正模型(VECM),并进行脉冲响应分析和方差分解,分别分析银行卡支付和第三方支付对现金需求的替代效应,最终得出结论,并提出针对性建议:加强数据采集,完善数据共享机制,建设全面的支付货币统计体系;...     

缴纳税款后又骗取出口退税行为的性质之辨

缴纳税款后又骗取出口退税行为应当定性为骗取出口退税行为。学界对此行为性质产生争议的根本原因在于我国刑法第204条第2款的规定立法本意有误;违背犯罪构成理论,混淆了偷税罪与骗取出口退税罪的界限;违背罪刑相适应原则;违背禁止分割评价的定罪原则;违背罪数理论;是立法随意的表现。本款规定既不科学也不合理,应予删除。     

Fighting Tax Evasion by Discouraging the Use of Cash?

We propose a bargaining model of tax evasion with a seller that offers a price discount to a buyer in exchange for a cash payment without a receipt, which allows tax evasion. We study the effect on evasion and government revenue of two policy instruments: a tax on cash withdrawals (TCW), which imposes a cost on the buyers who pay cash, and a tax rebate conditional on having the receipt. The tax rebate reduces evasion but it is costly if tax evasion is low. The TCW reduces evasion only if it is set at a sufficiently high rate, which must be higher the larger is the mass of cash users. We also show that the implementation of a TCW, which poses several challenges, is easier if the cost of cash hoarding is high.     

电子商务环境下的国际逃税与避税

由于电子商务的迅速发展和各国税收立法的相对滞后,电子商务逃、避税问题日益突出。各国根据电子商务环境下的国际逃、避税的新特点,在原有防范措施的基础上,采取了一些新的措施,如加强税务机关自身信息化建设、提高网络技术、推行电子商务税收登记制度、从支付体系入手解决电子商务税收的征管问题,加强国际间的交流与合作等。     

论偷税的立法改进

我国现行《征管法》根据修订该法律时所能预见的情形,以及结合当时税收执法的实际情况,对偷税进行了界定,并规定了其法律责任,具有一定的历史意义。但是,随着人们法制观念的不断增强,现行《征管法》对偷税主体、偷税手段及其法律责任所做的规定开始显现其弊病和不适应性,必须对其进行全面的改进。     

自由现金流、现金股利与中国上市公司过度投资

处于经理人控制之下的自由现金流有可能被投入到损害公司价值的非盈利项目上，从而导致过度投资。股利代理成本理论认为，较高的股利支付水平可以迫使经理人“吐出”自由现金流，从而降低企业自由现金流代理成本。但本文实证研究表明，中国上市公司过度投资程度与现金股利支付水平无关。其原因在于，上市公司股利政策受到监管层政策驱动因素的影响，造成股利政策扭曲，并被“异化”为大股东“利益输送”的一种手段。     

现金投放需求函数研究

调控现金投放总量 ,是把握货币供给的核心和关键 ;物价实际上涨率与物价合理上涨率的背离 ,是判断货币均衡与否的主要标志 ;研究现金投放量不应忽视资本市场上现金存量的变动     

On the Determinants of SME Cash Holdings: Evidence from Spain

Abstract:  This work analyses the factors that might explain the level of cash holdings in a sample of 860 small and medium-sized firms from Spain during the period 1996–2001. The empirical results show that firms have a target cash level to which they attempt to converge. The level of this target is higher for firms with more growth opportunities and larger cash flows. In contrast, the target level for cash holdings falls when the use of bank debt and the presence of substitutes for cash increase. Moreover, when the interest rates in the economy increase firms reduce their cash holding.     

The Predictive Ability of Direct Method Cash Flow Information

This research examines the predictive ability of direct method cash flow information for firms that use the direct method in their cash flow statements. We use cross sectional and pooled time series regressions to predict operating cash flow data and assess relative predictive ability. Principal findings are: (1) past period direct method cash flow data predict future operating cash flow better than indirect method cash flow data; (2) past period direct method gross operating cash flows predict future net operating cash flow better than past period net operating cash flow; (3) measurement error exists in estimates of direct method operating cash flows from other financial statement data; (4) past operating cash flows predict future operating cash flows better than earnings and accruals.     

The Usefulness of Direct and Indirect Cash Flow Disclosures

We investigate the ability of disclosed operating cash flow and indirect accruals components to explain annual returns for a sample of Australian firms. Consistent with claims made by accounting standard setters, we find evidence of significant explanatory power for disclosed operating cash flow components beyond aggregate operating cash flows when they also have significant incremental predictive power for future (one year ahead) operating cash flows. Accrual components also have incremental explanatory power for returns. In addition, we find evidence of significant explanatory power for operating cash flow components beyond estimates of the components (based on other financial statement disclosures) for firms with large differences between disclosed and estimated components.     

外籍人员个人所得税的计算缴纳

近年来,我国境内外籍人员不断增多,使得外籍人员在华纳税问题逐渐成为人们关注的焦点。本文从现行税收法律法规出发,介绍了外籍人员取得的工资薪金、奖金以及其他几种特殊情况的个人所得税的具体缴纳方法。     

我国刑法第二百零一条修正案评析

我国刑法第二百零一条修正案从立法理念到立法技术均对1997年刑法中关于偷税罪的规定进行了实质性修改,而且蕴含了巨大创新,必将对我国刑法和税法的理论、立法以及司法和税收执法实践产生深刻影响.因此,建议对其进行全面的归纳和分析,找出可进一步完善之处,这无疑将有助于丰富我国刑法和税法理论,以便改进立法,指导司法和税收执法实践活动.     

企业的现金持有决策与公司治理分析

本文从公司治理的视角出发,以中国上市公司为研究样本探寻了企业现金持有量的经验决定因素。结果表明,在治理规则日渐完善的中国证券市场上,大股东侵蚀中小股东利益而中小股东仍无法有效保护自身利益的问题不容忽视。本文系统完整地回顾了企业现金持有量的经验文献;开辟了从企业决策行为角度来研究公司治理问题的新途径;结合中国证券市场的特有背景,提出了若干有关企业现金持有行为的理论假说,并用平行数据采用固定效应模型技术进行了证实或证伪;对经验分析结果的政策含义进行了相应的理论解释。     

企业的现金持有决策与公司治理分析

本文从公司治理的视角出发，以中国上市公司为研究样本探寻了企业现金持有量的经验决定因素。结果表明，在治理规则日渐完善的中国证券市场上，大股东侵蚀中小股东利益而中小股东仍无法有效保护自身利益的问题不容忽视。本文系统完整地回顾了企业现金持有量的经验文献；开辟了从企业决策行为角度来研究公司治理问题的新途径；结合中国证券市场的特有背景，提出了若干有关企业现金持有行为的理论假说，并用平行数据采用固定效应模型技术进行了证实或证伪；对经验分析结果的政策含义进行了相应的理论解释。     

纳税评估的国际此较与借鉴

纳税评估是一项国际通行的税收管理方式,建立和完善纳税评估制度对完善我国税收征管体系有着重要的作用。因此,他国的成功经验可资借鉴:用健全的法律和规章作制度保障;设置相应的评估机构;以现代化的信息手段为依托;注重评估人员素质的培养和提高。     

Incentives and Information Exchange in International Taxation

The exchange of taxpayer-specific information between national tax authorities has recently emerged as a key and controversial topic in international tax policy discussions, most notably with the OECD's harmful tax practices project and the EU's savings tax initiative. This paper analyzes the effects of information exchange and withholding taxes, recognizing that countries which agree to exchange information do not forfeit the ability to levy withholding taxes, and also focusing in particular on the effects of innovative revenue-sharing arrangements. Amongst the findings are that: (i) the transfer of withholding tax receipts to the residence country, as planned in the European Union, has no effect on equilibrium tax rates, but acts purely as a lump-sum transfer; (ii) in contrast, allocating some of the revenue from information exchange to the source country—counter to usual practice (though no less so than the EU agreement)—would have adverse strategic effects on total revenue; (iii) nevertheless, any withholding tax regime is Pareto dominated by information exchange combined with appropriate revenue sharing; and, in particular, (iv) sharing of the additional revenues raised from information provided, while efficiency-reducing, could be in the interests of large countries as a means of persuading small countries to provide that information voluntarily. JEL Code: H77, H87, F42     

博弈模型的扩展分析

偷逃税行为最现实的原因是纳税人和征税人之间的信息不对称。因此,其治理可从内外两个方面入手:"内"是在内部建立激励机制;"外"是通过制度的重新设计和调整,增强对纳税行为的控制和约束,堵塞纳税人的寻租途径。     

The Optimality of Punishing Only the Innocent: The Case of Tax Evasion

We study the effectson tax enforcement and tax policy of unintentional complianceerrors by taxpayers and administrative errors by tax auditors.The government can impose both penalties for misreporting andrewards for honest reporting. Maximal sanctions will not be appliedbecause errors are possible, so evasion cannot be eliminatedcostlessly. Under optimal policy intentional evasion can be deterred,but innocent tax evaders must be penalized whether they haveunintentionally evaded or have been mistakenly convicted. Thisdeters intentional evasion, but limits redistribution. Withoutrewards for honest reporting, the revelation principle need notapply, so intentional evasion can occur.     

应计利润和现金流量对股利决策影响的实证研究

本文首先从理论上分析了应计利润、现金流量对上市公司股利政策的影响作用，并提出了有关这种影响作用的假设；其次利用2003年上市公司的相关数据，验证了现金流量越好的公司越倾向于发放现金股利，应计利润越多的公司越倾向于发放股票股利。研究表明，股利可以起到一定信号传递的作用，特别是现金股利，可以帮投资者甄别品质不同的公司，促进上市公司的优胜劣汰，提高投资效益。