标准化在油藏监测工作中的作用

以油藏监测工作中的油藏压力监测为例，介绍了标准化工作在压力资料录取及解释分析中的作用。并用实例说明了标准化作业在油田开发方案的制定及油藏压力监测中的应用。     

胜利油田滨二块双低单元综合治理方案及经济评价

在对胜利油田滨二块砂二段油藏的地质特征、注采井网、开发现状进行精细研究的基础上，科学分析了单元双低（采油速度低、采出程度低）的主要原因，提出了一套技术先进的双低治理方案，采用“增量法”进行经济评价表明，该方案不仅技术可行，而且具有较好的经济效益，是低产老油田恢复能力的好办法。     

Handel mit Emissionsrechten und Herkunftsnachweisen in Europa — Das „Klima- und Energiepaket“

We analyze two major components of the so-called EU climate and energy package which has been proposed by the European Commission in order to implement the ambitious climate policy goals until 2020. The focus is on the development of the European emissions trading scheme and on the proposed directive introducing a trading scheme for guarantees of origin in order to promote the use of renewable energy. We conclude that the emissions trading scheme is substantially improved, not only because of the introduction of auctioning as the main principle for allocation, but also with regard to the distribution of the emission budget to the energy intensive sectors participating in the trading scheme on the one hand and the sectors not regulated by the scheme on the other. With respect to the regulation aimed at promoting the use of renewables we argue that it is necessary to be explicit about the final goals of the regulation and that co-existing funding and support schemes for renewables on the EU and the member-state-level have to be designed with great caution in order to avoid excess costs.     

煤层气开发投资项目不确定性综合评估方法探讨

在评价煤层气开发项目经济效益的过程中,常采用敏感性分析来评估项目的不确定性,但敏感性分析无法综合评估项目的不确定性。本文开展此项研究以期建立简便、可操作的综合不确定性分析方法。为此,利用模拟方案生成数据,对数据进行统计分析,寻找不确定因素与效益指标之间的函数关系。研究发现,当不确定因素在一定范围内波动时,多因素变动对经济效益的综合影响可以近似为单因素影响的线性叠加,即可利用单因素敏感曲线的拟合斜率来构建综合评价公式。线性叠加会产生计算误差,误差随因素变动范围的扩大而增加,不确定因素在±25% 范围内波动时,90% 以上的数据落在误差区间为±10% 的范围之内。文中建立的方法可以对方案进行综合不确定性评价,优选方案。     

油井压裂选井方法在C油田中的应用

随着油田的不断深入开发,压裂改造是油藏开发获取工业油流的必须手段。为确保油井压裂的效果与经济效益,提升油井压裂方案的符合率,避免传统上压裂选井的经验性与盲目性,依据近些年来压裂选井的实践,应用模糊数学分析的方法,建立了适合C油田的压裂选井方法,即模糊评判分析方法。通过对模型进行实际运算应用,其结果与该地区实际压裂的施工结果具有很好的符合性。研究成果为C油田可持续开发奠定基础,对于指导油田压裂选井工作具有重要意义。     

稠油区块开发中经济评价的方法与计算

对某油田两个稠油区块的开发进行了经济评价。简述了稠油区块经济评价的方法、指标及主要研究评价内容，包括开发投资估算、采油成本估算、经济评价期等。按油价1390元／t进行计算（不含税价），其盈利能力分析和敏感性分析均表明，河南油田这两个稠油区块蒸汽吞吐开发方案各项经济评价指标均好于石油行业标准，经济上可行，抗风险能力也较强。     

Do development projects crowd-out private sector activities? Evidence from contract farming participation in Northern Ghana

Contract farming (CF) is attractive as a possible private sector-led strategy for improving market coordination and smallholder farmers’ welfare. At the same time, governmental and non-governmental development projects aimed at improving farmers’ welfare continue to be organized. It is not uncommon for CF activities and development projects to take place in the same communities. Yet so far there is no evidence on how development projects affect CF activities. We examine factors affecting entry in and exit from different maize CF schemes in Northern Ghana, and focus specifically on the role of development projects. We find that the presence of agricultural development projects in the community is associated with lower scheme entry, but this not the case for non-agricultural projects. CF exit is more strongly associated with maize projects, but not significantly with non-maize or non-agricultural projects. Thus, our findings do not support concerns of a general moral hazard problem arising from the presence of any development project, but indicate possible negative associations of more closely related agricultural or maize projects with maize CF participation.     

中俄界河水电项目合作开发前景分析

分析了界河水电开发的必要性、可行性和经济性,介绍了中俄两国开展全方位合作开发中俄界河水力资源的现状,在此基础上提出了中俄界河水电开发方案、消纳方向及风险防范措施,可供我国企业开发中俄界河水电项目时参考。     

TRIZ创新方法在化学工艺研发中的应用

本文介绍了用TRIZ创新方法解决生产过程中流程问题,以化工研发项目“碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮复合材料的制备与性能研究”为例,通过利用TRIZ理论中的功能分析、因果分析、冲突理论、物场模型、知识库、创新原理等方法,得到了若干个解决问题的方案,完善了制备复合材料过程中的制备工艺,并提高了复合材料强度。     

河北省地面数字电视广播多频网频率规划研究

地面无线电视数字化是未来广播电视的主要发展方向,而地面数字电视广播频率规划方案是顺利开展此项工作的基础和前提,结合河北省地面数字电视广播频率规划研究工作的开展,通过县级多频网规划实例,对地面数字电视频率规划的原则与规划步骤进行了总结,对频率规划所涉及的系统参数和最低接收场强等进行了重点分析,提出了地面数字电视频率规划中县级多频网的一般规划方法,此次制定的方案已经成为河北省建设地面数字电视覆盖网络的基本依据,规划工作的步骤及方法也可为其他地区开展频率规划提供借鉴和参考。     

电网企业编制公司发展规划的几个关键问题

讨论了公司发展规划的工作过程,提出了双闭环优化的思路,分析了规划工作内容间及其与相关工作的逻辑关系,并且就规划目标的编制方法和规划方案的经济评价方法进行了讨论。     

中国建筑企业BOT模式运作问题探讨

介绍了BOT项目的特点，论证实施BOT模式是中国建筑企业发展的一条新出路，讨论了建筑企业融资的主要方式以及项目后期管理方案等，分析了中国实施BOT中存在的问题和解决方法。     

从工程费用组成的角度分析定额计价和工程量清单计价模式

为符合国际惯例与适应市场经济的要求，我国工程造价行业正逐步推广工程量清单计价模式。论文主要从工程费用组成的角度详细分析了传统定额计价和工程量清单计价两种模式，从而明确了这两种计价模式的内在关系。同时阐明了我国工程造价改革的实质内容及核心意义，简要地指出了工程造价改革的发展趋势。为造价人员理解工程计价模式、把握造价改革实质、理清工作思路提供参考。     

Convergence and regulation of multi-screen television: The Singapore experience

This article addresses complicated convergent and regulatory issues arising from cross-platform audiovisual services and analyzes Singapore's multi-screen television experience. A “platform neutrality” multi-screen TV regulatory scheme is proposed to concentrate on content classification in order to respond to the fast-changing audiovisual industry and competition. Under the scheme, different content and license regulations are applied to four types of TV-like services which are categorized by “socio-cultural impact” (i.e., broadcasting and mass market vs. VOD and niche market)” and “content production/aggregation model” (i.e., gatekeeping vs. participatory mechanism). In addition, competition, content regulation, and digital copyright are identified as key issues involved in the fast-growing cross-platform audiovisual media industry. Finally, this study analyzes market development, regulatory issues, and national plans for multi-screen TV services in Singapore and examines them under the proposed regulatory scheme. Market and policy recommendations are discussed.     

自然资本代际配置研究--可持续发展的产权制度设计

自然资本配置不仅涉及当代人利益,也涉及后代人利益,即涉及代际利益问题。现代产权理论,对于说明市场机制配置资源产生帕累托最优效率,提供了反传统的论证,但是缺乏代际利益均衡理念,无法令人信服地说明可持续发展框架下的自然资本的最优配置问题。本文以罗尔斯的代际正义论为伦理基础,提出自然资本代际产权理论,以期对现代产权理论加以修正并对可持续发展进行产权制度设计。     

Resources and capabilities driving competitive advantage in export markets: guidelines for industrial exporters

In the context of the quest for the factors that determine competitive advantage, this study adopts a resource-based view and applies it to industrial goods' manufacturers engaged in exporting activities. The notion of organizational process is used as a filtering mechanism for the development of a classificatory scheme for firms' sources of competitive advantage in export markets. Different combinations of export-related resources and capabilities are identified as drivers of cost, service, and product advantage. Nonetheless, the capability to build enduring relationships with customers emerges as essential in achieving all three types of export competitive advantage. The findings of this inquiry have important implications for business practitioners in export manufacturing firms of industrial products. Limitations of the study are considered, and future research directions are identified.     

上海化学工业区碳三链规划与投资的思考

上海化学工业区经过近10年的发展,已初步形成一定的规模。在二期大型乙烯项目规划前期,存在着不同产品方案的选择,文章以碳三链产品方案的规划为例,针对上海化学化工区的特点,从原料的选择、公用工程、投资经济效益等不同角度阐述了不同产品方案对化工企业产业链发展规划的意义。     

The impact of research and development promotion schemes in the Taiwanese electronic component industry

This paper explores the effect of government research and development (R&D) promotion schemes on R&D expenditures in the electronic component industry. We investigated the impact of three promotion tools: R&D tax credits, exemption from tariffs, and accelerated depreciation. A total of 124 firms was interviewed. A two-limit model was used in the data analysis.
Our empirical analysis indicates the scheme generated a rate of increase in industrial R&D investments of about 16%. Furthermore, on average, the impacts of R&D tax credits, exemption from tariffs, and accelerated depreciation, were about 10%, 4%, and 2%, respectively. In addition, we found that the larger the firm, the weaker the influence of the promotion scheme on R&D expenditures in the industry.     

输变电工程造价分析信息平台建设研究

随着电网投资规模的加大,相应的电网工程造价分析数据量也随之增大,工程造价分析数据管理水平对电网发展的影响愈发显著。本文基于大数据环境下输变电工程造价分析数据收集及分析现状,建立了数据覆盖面广、数据内容较为完善的输变电工程造价分析数据库,在造价分析信息平台建设的基础上,提出了建设全国输变电工程造价分析信息平台的构想,真正实现了信息的纵向贯通、横向共享,为优化电网工程建设方案,合理控制工程造价提供平台工具和决策参考。     

Different but Similar: Geothermal Energy and the Role of Politics in Germany, Iceland and the United States

This article looks into the role of the state in geothermal energy development. Based on the findings in three countries studied, it demonstrates that the demand for political intervention is strongly tied to the state of the technological and industry development. While government’s most important role in the early stages is R&D-support and regulatory guidelines, the relevance of market-based instruments and network support kicks in later. Between these two phases is a period where both ‘toolkits’ of political intervention (direct investment and indirect support efforts) have to be provided by state actors. Furthermore, the project timeline has to be kept in mind. Supporting project economics alone is not sufficient if project-internal barriers exist that cannot be overcome without specific support. The installation of an insurance scheme for dry wells in Germany and a similar mechanism in Iceland can be regarded as outstanding examples of this. However, it is important to note that geothermal energy generally will not be developed without strong public support in all development phases. The common cross-case barriers alone are sufficient for project developers and investors to be cautious about entering the industry. But if governments engage with the right instruments at the right time, there is reason to say that geothermal energy can provide a contribution to the energy turn towards renewable energies in many parts of the world, even apart from high-enthalpy regions.