基于供应链视角的财务目标冲突解决路径

财务目标是企业利益冲突协调机制的逻辑起点,财务目标的选择与实现过程是各利益主体财务目标冲突的动态平衡过程,解决财务目标冲突的思路从"股东价值最大化"的单边治理演变为"利益相关者最大化"的共同治理,但目前的利益相关者最大化解决思路存在着诸多问题,本文提出了供应链价值最大化的共同治理思路,并阐释了这种思路协调财务目标冲突的有效性。     

企业资源聚集视角下的利益相关者财务控制权配置

财务控制权配置是财务治理的核心内容。合理的财务控制权安排可以抑制内部人的道德风险,优化公司治理结构。本文从企业资源聚集的角度,构造企业利益相关者的经济效用函数并分析其特征,认为利益相关者之间是相互依存的动态竞争关系,企业的财务控制权应按照以股东为主导的各利益相关者共同分享的模式来分层次配置。     

利益相关者责任与公司财务治理

在财务理论里面,传统的观念将股东置于企业中一个非常高的位置,公司的财务目标是股东利益最大化。但是,越来越多的公司经营权和所有权是分离的,外加利益相关者财务理论的指导,公司财务治理主体越来越多元化,只有通过共同协商多边谈判来实现,加强利益相关者和市场的合作,达到均衡利益相关者各方面的收入。本文基于利益相关者财务治理的相关理论,在分析我国公司财务治理现存问题的基础上,提出了相关机制的构建与优化方式,以促进利益相关者有效地参与公司的财务治理,为利益相关者财务治理实践提供理论指导。     

公司财务治理研究:从利益相关者的角度出发

本文从产权制度来分析企业的本质,以及企业的本质与财务治理的关系,认为公司财务治理研究应从利益相关者这一逻辑起点出发。财权配置是财务治理的核心。因此,有必要从利益相关者的角度对财权进行合理配置,以实现利益相关者的共同财务治理。     

论利益相关者财务治理

现代企业是利益相关者合约的集合体,财务治理是对企业财权的合理配置,是企业治理的核心。本文在利益相关者逻辑下, 讨论了企业财权的分层治理管理结构,以及建立利益相关者共同治理和相机治理相结合的财务治理机制。     

公司财务治理研究：从利益相关者的角度出发

本文从产权制度来分析企业的本质，以及企业的本质与财务治理的关系，认为公司财务治理研究应从利益相关者这一逻辑起点出发，财权配置是财务治理的核心。因此，有必要从利益相关者的角度对财权进行合理配置，以实现利益相关者的共同财务治理。     

论利益相关者财务治理

现代企业是利益相关者合约的集合体,财务治理是对企业财权的合理配置,是企业治理的核心.本文在利益相关者逻辑下,讨论了企业财权的分层治理管理结构,以及建立利益相关者共同治理和相机治理相结合的财务治理机制.     

基于利益相关者的企业业绩评价指标设计

现代企业已由单边治理模式逐渐转为多边共同治理模式,对企业进行综合评价时,也需要考虑各利益相关者需求的均衡。本文以企业价值最大化为总体目标,以利益相关者理论为指导思想,通过分析利益相关者与企业绩效的关系,构建了企业绩效评价指标的框架,提出了一套基于利益相关者角度的绩效评价指标体系。     

论利益相关者财务治理

现代企业是利益相关者合约的集合体，财务治理是对企业财权的合理配置，是企业治理的核心。本文在利益相关者逻辑下，讨论了企业财权的分层治理管理结构，以及建立利益相关者共同治理和相机治理相结合的财务治理机制。     

企业利益相关者财务治理问题研究

本文认为,现代企业财务治理应从传统的股东治理、企业家治理走向利益相关者共同治理.利益相关者财务治理主要包括企业外部和企业内部财务治理两部分,其中企业外部财务治理主要表现为企业与政府的关系,主要是通用财务治理和剩余财务治理,企业内部财务治理主要是股东治理、债权人治理、管理者治理、员工治理和客户治理等.     

统计分析在企业财务管理中的运用

随着市场竞争的加剧,企业管理者及外部利益相关者越来越需要第一时间准确掌握企业的经营成果与财务状况,这就对企业财务管理提出了更高要求.为让企业经营活动中产生的大量数据及时向信息需要者提供决策信息,需要运用统计分析这一重要手段完成数据分析,让统计分析在企业筹资、投资、财务分析等财务管理中发挥作用,从而提高企业财务的管理效率.     

The Collaborative Enterprise

Instead of the currently prevailing competitive model, a more collaborative strategy is needed to address the concerns related to the unsustainability of today’s business. This article aims to explore collaborative approaches where enterprises seek to build long-term, mutually beneficial relationships with all stakeholders and want to produce sustainable values for their whole business ecosystem. Cases here analyzed demonstrate that alternative ways of doing business are possible. These enterprises share more democratic ownership structures, more balanced and broader governance systems, and a more comprehensive view of organizational goals and performance – which goes beyond the narrow concept of financial bottom line and into a stronger and systematic care of the needs and requirements of the different stakeholder groups. Thanks to this evidence and different theoretical and empirical contributions, we suggest that the strength and sustainability of enterprises come from their ability to fit into the environmental, social, and cultural context in which they operate. By creating values for all stakeholders, enterprises can involve them and gain deep support based on their commitment. This may lead to superior performance from a multiple-bottom-line perspective.     

Does the “management approach” contribute to segment reporting transparency?

Segment reporting creates an opportunity for companies to add value to the information they disseminate about their industry and geographic operations. This article examines the “management approach” to segment reporting from a user perspective that should be of great interest to corporate financial executives. The management approach to segment reporting requires companies to report segment financial information consistent with the way they manage their businesses. We conclude that, despite more segment data being reported, the potential of the new management approach to significantly benefit users is compromised by uneven compliance among reporting companies. The complicity of external auditors in compliance shortcomings should concern all stakeholders in the financial reporting process. Noting two high-profile examples of accounting fraud, we comment on how the management approach sheds light on Enron's operations, while WorldCom concealed important segment information due to probable auditor malfeasance.     

The macro problem of microtransactions: The self-regulatory challenges of video game loot boxes

The video game industry has ignited a global controversy surrounding microtransactions in gaming, especially the use of loot boxes: randomized rewards with potential real-world value. Consumers and legislators are calling for the regulation of these revenue models on the grounds that they are unfair, predatory, or could be considered gambling. This article examines the controversy from a management perspective. First, I outline current regulatory responses to the controversy and what they mean for business practices. Then, I explain ongoing industry-level and firm-level attempts to self-regulate as a way to placate consumers and governments. These tactics highlight a wide range of broader strategies that game developers and other stakeholders can pursue in order to improve customer relations and, more publicly, signal their commitment to self-regulation and avoiding consumer harm. These practices can be applied more broadly to firms that offer controversial products or services that do not yet fit within current regulatory frameworks.     

公允价值的利弊分析

公允价值是目前会计实务中可用的最好的计量属性,更能够满足信息使用者的决策需求,更真实地反映企业的经营成果,更符合配比原则,利于企业的资本保全,提高财务信息的有用性,适应金融创新的需要。但公允价值理论的假设前提很难满足,运用更具复杂性和风险性,易导致价格过度偏离价值,容易导致利润操纵。为更好地应用公允价值,我国应加强相关法律对公允价值的规范,建立健全活跃的市场体制,提高公允价值的可操作性。     

On the corporate social responsibility perceptions of equity analysts

The importance of communicating corporate social responsibility (CSR) not only to socially responsible investors but also to the mainstream of the financial community is gaining importance in a more competitive capital market environment. This article looks at how equity analysts at the German stock exchange in Frankfurt – individuals who are not particularly involved in socially responsible investment (SRI) research – perceive economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibility strategies. The evidence obtained in our interviews suggests that responsibility issues are increasingly becoming part of mainstream investment analysis. However, for them to play a larger part in the future, investor relations personnel must frame responsibility strategies in a way that is more consistent with the financial community's perspective. In particular, the impact of CSR measures on strategic development, competitive anticipation and creating trust with stakeholders are key in leveraging CSR in financial communications.     

财务报表分析的理论体系与课程建设研究

财务报表分析是现代经济生活中非常重要的一门课程,但也存在着诸多与形势发展不相适应的地方,需要以战略为导向来构建财务报表分析框架和前景分析的路径,着力在课程名称、课程内容、课程教材、课程教法、课程文献等方面加强建设,培养学生运用专业知识的综合能力。     

Business Ethics and the Decision to Adopt Golden Parachute Contracts: Empirical Evidence of Concern for All Stakeholders

Golden parachutes are often viewed as a form of excessive compensation because they provide senior management with substantial payouts following an acquisition while other stakeholders are subjected to layoffs, disrupted business relationships and other negative externalities. Using a sample of S&P 500 firms, an economic and ethical justification for this type of contract is given. Golden parachutes ensure effective corporate governance that, in turn, preserve the firm's value for all stakeholders. Boards of directors enter into parachute agreements to protect recently hired CEOs' human capital during periods of financial uncertainty and, thus, potential takeover activity. From an ethics viewpoint, golden parachutes are valuable to all stakeholders because they encourage merger or acquisition in lieu of bankruptcy.     

Caught in a communicative catch-22? Translating the notion of CSR as shared value creation in a Danish CSR frontrunner

There is a growing interest in how the notion of corporate social responsibility (CSR) as shared value creation is translated in Scandinavia. However, current research seems to disregard that the specific institutional context is ambiguous, enabling the organization, and its internal stakeholders to translate the institutional logics into contradictory meanings of CSR as shared value creation. Building on the institutional logics perspective and the metaphor of translation, and framed within a case study of a Danish CSR frontrunner, this paper explores how the notion of CSR as shared value creation is translated at both the organizational and individual level through discourse. The study shows that the organization and its internal stakeholders employ different strategies to reconcile the institutional logics of ethics and economy, suggesting that the translation processes are a complex communicative matter of continuously balancing the contradictory institutional logics to maintain legitimacy in the eyes of external stakeholders.     

Moral Discourse and Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting

This paper examines voluntary corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting as a form of moral discourse. It explores how alternative stakeholder perspectives lead to differing perceptions of the process and content of responsible reporting. We contrast traditional stakeholder theory, which views stakeholders as external parties having a social contract with corporations, with an emerging perspective, which views interaction among corporations and constituents as relational in nature. This moves the stakeholder from an external entity to one that is integral to corporate activity. We explore how these alternative stakeholder perspectives give rise to different normative demands for stakeholder engagement, managerial processes, and communication. We discuss models of CSR reporting and accountability: EMAS, the ISO 14000 series, SA8000, AA1000, the Global Reporting Initiative, and the Copenhagen Charter. We explore how these models relate to the stakeholder philosophies and find that they are largely consistent with the traditional atomistic view but fall far short of the demands for moral engagement prescribed by a relational stakeholder perspective. Adopting a relational view requires stakeholder engagement not only in prescribing reporting requirements, but also in discourse relating to core aspects of the corporation such as mission, values, and management systems. Habermas’ theory of communicative action provides guidelines for engaging stakeholders in this moral discourse. MaryAnn Reynolds is an Associate Professor of Accounting in the College of Business and Economics at Western Washington University. Dr. Reynolds teaches intermediate financial accounting and is published in the areas of corporate social, environmental and ethical reporting. Kristi Yuthas is the Swigert Endowed Information Systems Professor in the School of Business Administration at Portland State University. Dr. Yuthas teaches accounting and information systems and is published in the areas of social and ethical impacts of management information systems.