美国重返CPTPP的动因、影响与应对北大核心SSCI

2018年以来,美国在国际经贸格局以及中美经贸关系方面活动频繁。基于中美贸易谈判、遏制中国发展以及主导国际经贸规则等原因,美国极有可能重新回到CPTPP,并在外向型经济发展、制造强国战略以及国际经贸规则话语权方面对中国产生重要影响。为此,中国应当积极提升自身在国际经贸规则中的“塑造者”地位,探索国际经贸中的“共同但有区别责任”原则和中国主导多边自贸区协定中的争端解决机制;应当深化对外开放程度,推进国内自由贸易试验区改革发展,以及自贸区协定谈判进程;应当坚持“文化外交”战略,弘扬人类命运共同体理念和传承中国一亚太古商贸文化传统,提升CPTPP等亚太规则对中国的开放度和包容度。     

习近平新时代“三农”理论创新的五重逻辑

作为习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的重要组成部分,习近平“三农”理论创新具有科学深邃、系统完备的逻辑理路。一是理论逻辑,在于对马克思主义经典作家关于“三农”问题基本观点的继承和发展;二是文化逻辑,在于对中华农耕文化的转化与创新;三是历史逻辑,在于对中国及世界现代化历史的反思与借鉴;四是现实逻辑,在于对“新三农”问题的化解和回应;五是实践逻辑,在于对“三农”实践创新的指引和领航。通过以上“五重逻辑”审视习近平“三农”理论创新,有助于进一步理解中国特色社会主义“三农”理论创新的最新成果,增强做好新时代“三农”工作的自觉自信。     

《制度儒学》序

儒学不能仅仅存在于大学讲坛和书斋之上,不能止于“作为哲学的儒学”,而必须结合社会生活的实践,同时发展“作为文化的儒学”的方面,使儒学深入国民教育和人生践履。这其实是一切关心儒学及其现代命运的人士的共识。     

学好新《决定》,重点搞好“五、四、三、二、一”

我把党的十四届三中全会的《决定》称为新《决定》，是相对于党的十二届三中全会的《决定》来说的。我体会，两个《决定》，其核心主题都是一个，这就是要把全民所有制企业特别是大中型企业搞活和搞好。这个问题，确实不仅关系到我国国民经济发展的经济问题，而且关系到建设有中国特色社会主义的政治问题。新《决定》十大方面50条，确实涉及到了方方面面。我认为，围绕着核心主题问题，重点首先是要搞好“五、四、三、二、一”，概括起来也就是“五新”，即新体制、新制度、新机制、新关系和新主体。一、市场经济体制的“五建立”建立社会主…     

五四:七十年的回顾

在中国,“科学”与“民主”被戴上一道儒学式的宗教光环,不容你反思、怀疑、批判。它们得到了不应有的殊荣。启蒙不是现代人对古人的发牢骚。五四知识分子没有用更新的方法,没有以更高的文化视角去对待传统,这或许是我们今天之所以要超越五四的底蕴所在。     

儒学中关于企业社会责任的元素探析

儒学资源中有许多与今天的企业社会责任的精神相一致的元素。了解这些元素,有助于理解中国企业的社会责任行为。文章从儒学的忧患意识与企业的遵纪守法,义利之辨与企业的长远经营,诚信与企业的内外部治理,天人合一与企业的生态环境,感恩慈悲心与企业的社会公益活动五个基本方面考察了两者之间的相关性。这能为我们建设健全合理的企业文化提供一种参考依据。     

体制改革研究情况综述

一、基本判断2005年改革问题研究非常活跃。从总体上看,大致有两类情况。第一类是反思改革。相关媒体和互联网发表了大量反思改革的文章,在如何评价改革、如何继续深化改革问题上形成了争论。代表性的概括有:“2005年官方既定的改革攻坚年变为改革反思年”,“2005年是中国改革遭受质疑最多的一年,这些质疑反映了社会要求朝野重新定位中国改革的呼声”;第二类是比较系统地从正面总结相关领域的改革进展。代表性的概括有:“我国改革攻坚取得新的进展,特别是一些多年酝酿的重点领域和关键环节的改革有所突破”,“改革在各领域的有序展开,有力地…     

中国的银行管理差距

<正>我常听到这么一句话:“中国的银行与外国的银行相比仍有较大的差距”。这句话一般是指服务不佳,风险管理有缺陷以及经营效益较低。我认为,这“差距”不仅在于这些有限的业务或内部经营管理问题,而是在更深、更广的层面——中国银行业的“企业文化”……     

费孝通、儒家文化和文化自觉

费孝通与早期儒家发现并要回答的社会根本问题有许多共同点,在思路上有许多一致之处,包括回答问题的方案,务实和超越。差别在于,就共同关心传统农耕社会的秩序这一点而言,早期儒学试图以规范信条回应农耕社会的基本问题,费孝通不仅以现代的经验表达解说和正当化了当年早期儒学的解释和回应方案,而且在新的时代提出了新的回应方案。而要论证这一点,首先必须越出对儒家文本、概念和命题甚或狭义中国文化(典籍制度)自身的分析,必须重构阅读传统儒家思想的社会语境,实现满足时代所需的新的文化自觉。     

出国学习、进修

赴美国学习受机械部的派遣,上海机械学院金瑞龄于1984年12月至1986年4月在美国印第安纳大学管理研究生院学习。一年多来,学习了“概率模型与计算机模拟”、“系统模拟”、“决策模型”、“经营管理”和“生产与后勤模型”等五门课程;参观了汽车发动机厂、医疗器械厂和货物批发中心;参加了印第安纳大学举办的“中国经济改革”专题讨论会;完成了“美国高等管理教育研究”的课题。     

Health, Wealth, Fertility, Education, and Inequality

The authors use a new cross-country dataset to estimate the strength of the links between different dimensions of social and economic development, including indicators of health, fertility, and education, as well as material wellbeing. This differs from previous studies in employing data for different income groups in each country in order to provide direct evidence on factors driving inequality, and in using a unique measure of material wellbeing that does not rely on PPP comparisons.     

Vicarelli,Keynes, and the unstable nexus between investment,liquidity, and finance

The goal of this article is to reconstruct Keynes’s vision of the unstable nexus between investment, liquidity and finance, as set out by the Italian economist Fausto Vicarelli (1936–1986). As argued in the article, one of Vicarelli’s main contributions consists of explaining the inherent instability of financially sophisticated capitalist economies in terms of the interaction (and double dissociation) between investment, saving, and stock-holding decisions, within a Keynesian framework characterized by the presence of fundamental uncertainty. While Vicarelli’s interpretation of Keynes is best understood in the context of the post-Keynesian literature, its relevance goes beyond that, as its sheds light on current issues related to the post-2008 financial crisis and its policy implications.     

Inflation,money, interest rate,exchange rate,and casuality: the case of Egypt,Morocco, and Tunisia

This study provides further evidence of the inflationary efects of the rates of growth of money supply, gross domestic product, efective exchange rate, and imported inflation for Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia using quarterly data from 1964 to 1990. In addition, it examines the Granger causality between inflation and money supply as well as between inflation and the real exchange rate in the countries under consideration. Most of the results are consistent with extant theory and empirical evidence.     

IPR,Trade, FDI,and Technology Transfer

In this survey, we discuss how intellectual property rights （IPR） protection in the South affects trade flows, foreign direct investment （FDI） flows, and technology transfers from the North to the South. We also discuss optimal IPR policies and their effect on innovation. Our discussion covers both theoretical studies and empirical evidence. This survey is both comprehensive and critical. It aims to give readers the current state of IPR and globalization literature. Some issues have been studied more thoroughly, whereas for others the surface has only been scratched upon. This survey gives readers a clearer picture of the literature and may help them find future research topics.     

Trade,Remittances, Institutions,and Economic Growth

This paper empirically investigates the role of trade, remittances, and institutions in economic development in a large sample of developing countries using recently developed instruments for all these variables. Both cross-country (over 30 years) and dynamic panel data (over 5-year periods) regressions of growth rates on instrumented trade, remittances, and institutions provide evidence of a significant impact of trade, institutions, and remittances on growth. While institutions foster growth, remittances hamper it. The effect of trade on growth is positive in cross-sectional regressions but ambiguous in dynamic panel data regressions. These results are indicative of a more important role for trade in explaining growth in the very long run compared with over shorter horizons.     

Complementarity, growth, and trade

We consider an endogenous growth model with international trade in complementary capital goods. The model possesses several distinct, balanced growth solutions, which we classify using stability under adaptive learning. Some of the equilibria can involve growth rates much higher than others. We show that, in addition to a small (usually positive) effect on a given equilibrium, an expansion in trade may sometimes yield a much larger, sudden jump in growth. The small effect on the initial equilibrium may reduce growth if the opportunity cost of capital rises very fast as growth accelerates. JEL Classification: F12, F15, O41
Complémentarité, croissance, et commerce international. Les auteurs utilisent un modèle de croissance endogène en présence de commerce international de biens capitaux complémentaires. Le modèle possède plusieurs solutions de croissance équilibrée distinctes que les auteurs classifient en utilisant des mesures de stabilité avec apprentissage adaptatif. Certains de ces équilibres peuvent impliquer des taux de croissance plus élevés que d'autres. Il appert qu'une expansion du commerce international, en plus d'avoir un petit effet (habituellement positif) sur un équilibre donné, peut parfois engendrer une augmentation plus forte et soudaine de la croissance. Le petit effet sur l'équilibre initial peut réduire la croissance si le coût d'opportunité du capital augmente rapidement à proportion que la croissance accélère.     

Ecosystems,externalities, and economies

This paper incorporates an ecosystem model into a model of a simple economy. The decisionmaking agents in the ecosystem are individual organisms aggregated to the species level. A species may provide utility directly to humans, or it may provide utility indirectly because it is used either as a raw material in goods fabrication or as sustenance for other species. We describe a comparative static equilibrium of the ecosystem where species' demands for other species are equal to the supplies of those other species, and energy is conserved. The ecosystem is then embedded in the economy so that the effects of human intervention can be traced through both the ecosystem and the economy. Human intervention creates ecosystem externalities such that ecosystem equilibria are shifted and the new equilibria affect the utility or the production processes of other humans. This framework allows us to describe in principle which ecosystem services can be efficiently usurped by humans, which waste flows can be efficiently allowed into ecosystems, and which ecosystem organisms and physical attributes can be efficiently maintained.     

Anarchy, efficiency, and redistribution

This paper develops a contractarian theory of the state and the existence of redistribution. The existence of rules of redistribution is explained without any recourse to the risk-aversion of agents. No veil of ignorance is needed. This avoids obligational problems inherent in most other contractarian theories of justice. Hence, this paper departs from the standard legitimization of redistribution as fundamental insurance and interprets it as stemming from a principle of reciprocity in trade. Since this paper deals with an anarchic society, the implementation of redistributional rules is constrained by the assumption of self-enforcement. We show that this assumption changes the interpretation of the state: the state is characterized by a particular design of equilibrium strategies, not by the existence of enforcement agencies.     

Min, Max, and Sum

This paper provides characterization theorems for preferences that can be represented by U(x₁, …, x_n)=min{x_k}, U(x₁, …, x_n)=max{x_k}, U(x₁, …, x_n)=∑ u(x_k), or combinations of these functionals. The main assumption is partial separability, where changing a common component of two vectors does not reverse strict preferences, but may turn strict preferences into indifference. We discuss applications of our results to social choice. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: C0, D1, D6.