点价业务的会计处理

点价业务是一种新型的购销定价模式,其在传统的购销业务基础上增加了金融衍生品的因素。与期货不同,点价是实物贸易中定价的一种方式。在点价业务中,对某种交割的货物,不是直接确定其商品价格,而是只确定升贴水是多少,然后在约定的"点价期"内以国内外主要期货交易所某日的期货或现货合约价格作为点价的基价,加上约定的升贴水或扣减数额(亦称为基差或加工费)后作为最终的结算价格。这一"货价+基差"的定价方式,为现货企业提供了更多的选择,并一定程度上降低了传统贸易定价方式的价格风险。一、点价的交易实质     

基于因子分析法的PPP污水处理项目特许定价影响因素研究

社会资本方通过PPP模式参与污水处理项目要求通过使用者付费来实现其投资目标,因此,污水处理特许价格的制定是特许经营协议的核心问题。本文以PPP模式污水处理项目为研究对象,运用主因子分析的方法,分析特许经营权定价影响因素,确定5个关键影响因素。对主要影响因素提出相应的控制措施,以保证PPP污水处理项目特许定价的合理性。     

商品房定价中特征价格定价法与传统方法之比较

本文对传统定价方法与特征价格定价法的优劣进行了对比分析,以寻找一种简单、有效且能合理、科学确定商品房价格的方法,使定价有据可循,从而可以通过合理的定价调节市场供需。     

商品房定价中特征价格定价法与传统方法之比较

本文对传统定价方法与特征价格定价法的优劣进行了对比分析,以寻找一种简单、有效且能合理、科学确定商品房价格的方法,使定价有据可循,从而可以通过合理的定价调节市场供需.     

构建基于工艺系统的采购零部件价值模型

本文将产品成型工艺过程系统和物料流成本会计理论结合起来,构建基于工艺系统的价值模型,按照模型标准计算成本价值,由成本价值确定采购价格,取代比价采购、招标采购的传统定价模式。价格的确定有了统一的数学标准,价格制定的效率得到了明显的提高,价格的科学性、一致性得到了最大限度的保证。     

基于成本会计视角的公用事业产品定价研究

公用事业产品的需求随着新型城镇化进程的推进变得越来越大,其价格高低关系到城镇居民的生活质量和支出水平,是促进公用事业和经济社会可持续发展的关键。成本定价模式决定了公用事业产品定价的关键在于如何合理、科学地确定产品成本。《企业产品成本核算制度（试行）》的出台给定价成本的确定提供了一个新的视野。文章考察了公用事业产品的成本特性以及定价不合理的原因,从成本会计的角度提出了我国公用事业产品定价的对策建议。     

谈转移定价对企业的影响

转移价格在现代企业中以普遍使用，但它仍然给成本管理分析人员带来挑战。文章通过解释转移定价的目的和作用，利用一憨经济规则确定最佳转移价格，并且阐述了如何以市价、成本或协商≯基础确定转移价格。     

文化产业定价策略研究

本文分析了文化产品的特性,包括传承性、 价值增值性、 创造性并在此基础上直接谈论了文化产品差别定价中的价格歧视法,试图从具体的价格定制方法中为文化企业的产品定价找到更加具体、 科学的出路.文化企业在定价时,应当充分考虑文化产品的特殊性和消费者的心理需求,结合自身的战略目标,选择合适的价格歧视方法确定相应的价格.     

谈影子价格视角下的关联交易预约定价

本文分析了将影子价格引入预约定价的必要性和合理性,并举例对影子价格的引入和修正进行了探讨,以期为预约定价中关联交易价格的确定提供参考。     

通信公司大客户经营策略

本文分析了多种因素对通信公司大客户经营的影响,结合价格策略和各种业务盈利空间的分析,提出可采用阶段定价、捆绑式定价、扩大市场分额定价、产品分类定价和区分竞争度定价等定价策略;得到互联网业务具有一定的降价盈利空间,增值业务具有较大的降价盈利空间的结论。为通信企业稳定和扩充大客户,提供了科学的经营策略。     

Asset pricing for inefficient markets: Evidence from China and India

Over last four decades, evidence of market inefficiencies has been widely documented by several scholars for all major stock markets in the globe. Chinese and Indian markets are not exempt. Inefficiencies in these markets are described by many authors as roots of all mispricing. Mispricing might be the outcome of application of familiar asset pricing models which may mislead an investor into adopting inappropriate policies for his new investments or for reallocating his old investments. In an alternative approach, we propose a transformation on original market returns in the objective of relaxing the strong assumption of market efficiency behind application of an asset pricing model. This modification will widen the scope of rational models on asset pricing ranging from an efficient to an inefficient market.     

Optimal highway design and user welfare under value pricing

This paper investigates the optimal design of highways operated under a form of congestion pricing called value pricing. Value pricing involves dividing a highway into free and priced lanes so that in equilibrium the highway effectively operates at two levels of service, with those users placing a higher value on travel time savings selecting the faster, priced route. A tractable analytical framework is developed which allows analysis of equilibrium and welfare on value priced highways when users vary in their value of time. The model is used to characterize optimal toll and capacity policies, as well as investigate the fiscal implications of value pricing. The analysis concludes with results on how welfare changes induced by value pricing are distributed over the population of users when the government finances any funding shortfall through a non-discriminatory taxing mechanism. A realistic numeric example is used to illustrate how the model can be applied to evaluation of actual and proposed value pricing implementations.     

网络外部性、内生成本差异与企业定价策略

在产品成本内生条件下,通过建立扩展的Hotelling模型,分析网络外部性对企业定价策略的影响,结果显示:当网络外部性强度较低时,企业将选择歧视定价策略,当网络外部性强度较高时,企业将选择单一定价策略;在两种定价策略下,Nash谈判能力强的企业将获得更高的市场份额和利润;社会福利大小由网络外部性强度和企业Nash谈判能力共同决定,与产品定价策略无关,当网络外部性强度较高时,社会福利与企业间Nash谈判能力的差异正相关,反之则负相关。     

Price and quantity competition among heterogeneous suppliers with two-part pricing: applications to clubs, local public goods, networks, and growth controls

Models of club goods, local public goods, and growth controls appear to have theoretical structures distinct from usual oligopoly models. This article shows, however, that they are special cases of a generalized oligopoly model that incorporates the possibility of two-part pricing and externalities between consumers (either congestion or network externalities). Our generalized two-part pricing model not only serves as a synthesis of a wide range of models but also allows us to obtain several new results on equilibrium prices. Another advantage of our model is that it can be interpreted as a reduced form of more complicated models that have spatial structures. This facilitates extension to the case where firms are heterogeneous and the number of firms is arbitrary.     

股票价值模型研究及实证分析——兼论会计信息在企业价值决定中的作用

本文对股票价值决定因子研究的发展和连续时间股票定价模型的建立进行了分析,着重探讨了周期波动条件下的股票价值决定因子模型,采用上市公司财务和股价数据,对企业价值决定因子是否会对企业价值产生实际影响,以及能否比现有模型提高对股票价格的解释能力进行了实证分析,并得出了相关结论。     

Q‐FACTORS IN EMPIRICAL ASSET PRICING: A REVIEW AND SYNTHESIS

The latest development in the asset pricing literature is the emergence of empirical asset pricing models comprising q‐factors (profitability and investment factors) in conjunction with other factors. However, as in the case of the older empirical models, there is scepticism regarding the application of these newer factor models consisting of q‐factors because of the debate surrounding the explanatory power of these empirically inspired asset pricing models. This review attempts to synthesize studies pertaining to the four alternative explanations of the asset pricing models comprising the q‐factors (profitability and investment) – the data snooping hypothesis, the risk‐based explanation, the irrational investor behaviour explanation and the interpretation that suggest that the combination of the risk‐free asset and the factors comprising the model span the mean‐variance efficient tangency portfolio that prices the universe of assets.     

住房反向抵押贷款定价模型的比较分析

文中分析比较了两种典型定价模型——支付因子定价模型和保险精算定价模型。从激励机制和约束机制角度比较的结果是,支付因子定价模型的约束更强一些,即可通过设定贷款限额防止银行出现亏损;而保险精算定价模型的激励更大一些,即可通过调节银行的利润率使其有利可图。另外还从老年人的年龄、利率和房价波动入手,分析定价模型的敏感性。     

基于道德的企业产品定价博弈模型及其分析

企业产品定价道德是指导产品定价活动中企业行为善恶的规范。利用博弈方法对产品定价过程中企业的道德问题进行了理论分析,在建立基于道德的企业产品定价静态博弈模型和基于企业长期收益的重复动态博弈模型的基础上,对其纳什均衡结果进行分析,找出了影响企业道德水平的主要因素,并确定了具体的控制水平,为管理实践中的定价道德控制提供了理论依据。     

应对反倾销产品价格决策研究综述

我国出口产品的不合理定价是其在国际市场上屡屡遭受反倾销指控的重要原因。在对出口产品价格影响因素、应对反倾销价格策略以及反倾销定价模型相关追踪等三个方面进行综述研究的基础上,提出了几点建议。     

The effect of market sentiment and information asymmetry on option pricing

This work addresses the impact of imperfections, such as information asymmetry and market sentiment, on the performance of option pricing models. More precisely, this work compares the option pricing model of Black and Scholes and the same model in the presence of imperfections. This study is based on S&P 500 options that cover the period between 17/03/2000 and 14/06/2013. The achieved results show that, in general, in the presence of imperfections, the model is more effective than the Black and Scholes model. This research appears to be promising for the incorporation of imperfections into the assessment of options.