Cost efficiency and the effect of mergers on the Taiwanese banking industry

This study addresses the cost efficiency, economies of scale and scope of the Taiwanese banking industry, specifically focusing on how bank mergers affect cost efficiency. Adopting stochastic frontier analysis, we employ a translog cost function for efficiency estimation. Composite error terms are used to account for managerial inefficiency and environmental effects. Empirical results suggest that economies of scale and scope exist at small and medium-sized banks. Meanwhile, government-owned or -controlled banks are the most cost efficient. Non-performing loans increase the inefficiency of the banking sector by just under 10 per cent. Further analysis reveals that bank merger activity is positively related to cost efficiency. Mergers can enhance cost efficiency, even though the number of bank employees does not decline. The banks involved in mergers are generally small and were established after the banking sector was deregulated.     

Efficiency in the Greek Banking Industry: A Comparison of Foreign and Domestic Banks

This study uses a sample of foreign and domestic banks operating in Greece during 1999–2004 to examine the impact of ownership on efficiency. We estimate an input oriented data envelopment analysis (DEA) model under variable returns to scale with inputs and outputs selected on the basis of a profit‐oriented approach. The results indicate an average pure technical efficiency equal to 0.7325 showing that the banks in sample could improve their efficiency by 26.75%. Over the same period, scale efficiency was equal to 0.6830. The comparison of the efficiency scores by group of ownership shows that domestic banks have higher pure technical efficiency and lower scale efficiency; however, the differences are not statistically significant. A DEA window‐analysis confirms the results of the cross‐section estimations. We also estimate a Tobit regression model but consistent with the univariate results we find no evidence to support the argument that ownership has a statistically significant impact on efficiency.     

Are foreign banks sure winners in post-WTO China?

Five years following China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), foreign banks are scheduled to be granted full access to the country's vast local currency in December 2006. The foreign banks' competitive attributes, such as size and international banking experience, have facilitated their entry into China. These efforts, however, have been countered by the improving competitiveness of Chinese banks. Further prompted by high entry and operating costs in Renminbi (Rmb) business, foreign banks have engaged in different strategic responses to these challenges. All things considered, it is envisaged that only a very small number of foreign banks will be able to emerge as big players in the Chinese banking market.     

外资银行进入对我国银行业的影响——基于面板数据的分析

本文基于我国14家商业银行1996—2003年的面板数据,对外资银行进入对我国银行业产生的影响进行了理论和实证分析。结果表明:外资银行进入对我国银行的盈利能力产生了负面影响,对银行经营管理水平的提高有积极促进作用,与银行抗风险能力提升有较弱的正相关关系,对银行开展存贷款业务能力无显著关系。在此基础上,提出了简要的政策建议。     

Cost efficiency among credit card banks

Credit card banks produce a single, relatively homogeneous output, permitting exceptionally clean empirical tests of cost efficiency. The high net interest margins and fees on credit card loans also suggests a large potential for managerial slack or expense preference behavior, possibly fostering a wider range of cost efficiency than observed for general-purpose banks. This paper presents estimates of cost efficiency for a sample of monoline credit card banks over the period 1984–1993; the findings are similar to those previously reported for general-purpose banks. We also explore empirical correlates of the estimated cost efficiency.     

外资银行与中资银行的比较分析

随着我国银行业全面对外开放,中资银行与外资银行在本土的竞争日趋激烈。外资银行的优势主要表现为经营体制的灵活性和强大的国际化竞争能力。中资银行既有本土经营的优势,也存在经营管理体制上的严重缺陷。面对银行业激烈竞争的严峻形势,中资银行应同外资银行建立战略联盟,推动金融创新,优化人事机制,克己之短,扬己之长,缩小与外资银行存在的差距。     

外资银行与中资银行的比较分析

随着我国银行业全面对外开放,中资银行与外资银行在本土的竞争日趋激烈。外资银行的优势主要表现为经营体制的灵活性和强大的国际化竞争能力。中资银行既有本土经营的优势,也存在经营管理体制上的严重缺陷。面对银行业激烈竞争的严峻形势,中资银行应同外资银行建立战略联盟,推动金融创新,优化人事机制,克己之短,扬己之长,缩小与外资银行存在的差距。     

Efficiency and total factor productivity change of Malaysian commercial banks

This paper analyses the efficiency of Malaysian commercial banks between 1996 and 2002 and finds that while the East Asian financial crisis caused a short-term increase in efficiency in 1998 primarily due to cost-cutting, increases in non-performing loans after the crisis caused a more sustained decline in bank efficiency. It is also found that mergers, fully Islamic banks, and conventional banks operating Islamic banking windows are all associated with lower efficiency. The paper estimates suggest mild decreasing returns to scale, and an average productivity change of 2.37% that is primarily attributable to technical change, which has nonetheless declined over time. Finally, while Islamic banks have been moderately successful in developing new products and technologies, the results suggest that the potential for Islamic banks to overcome their relative inefficiency is limited.     

Efficiency,scale and scope economies in the Ukrainian banking sector in 1998

This paper evaluates the current development of the Ukrainian banking system. The research was concentrated on the evaluation of cost and profit efficiency and scale and scope economies for 79 from 168 Ukrainian commercial banks in 1998. There is evidence that small banks operate more efficiently in cost terms but are less efficient in profit terms and furthermore, there is a substantial difference in scale economies between small and large banks. Large banks show significant diseconomies of scale while small ones show significant scale economies. This result could suggest that current technology in the financial sector does not allow efficient growth and concentration of the financial sector in Ukraine.     

Technical Efficiency of the Ghanaian Banking Industry and the Effects of the Entry of Foreign Banks

The effects of the entry of foreign banks and changes in bank concentration on the technical efficiency of domestic banks in Ghana over the period 2000–2008 is analyzed. Technical efficiency scores were obtained by the Data Envelopment Analysis. Then, the Tobit regression was used to analyze the impact of hypothesized explanatory variables on bank efficiency. Foreign bank share of total industry assets was used to proxy the impact of foreign banks. The findings suggest that efficiency of domestic banks has been positively affected by the entry of foreign banks and reduction in concentration. Thus, the central bank's policy of liberalizing the banking sector appears to be well placed.     

我国商业银行碳金融发展的制度约束与制度设计

相比于国外众多商业银行对碳金融的深度参与,我国商业银行碳金融业务处于探索尝试阶段,明显存在着发展不足的问题。而造成这种问题的根本原因在于我国商业银行在开展碳金融业务中面临着一系列的制度约束：一是我国现行商业银行管理体制的约束;二是我国商业银行风险控制制度的不完善;三是商业银行开展碳金融的法律法规的缺失;四是缺乏商业银行参与碳金融交易的激励机制。为提高我国商业银行发展碳金融的积极性,扩大碳金融交易的广度与深度,要在政府、市场和商业银行的共同努力下,为商业银行碳金融发展创造良好的制度环境。     

The influence of risk-taking on bank efficiency: Evidence from Colombia

This paper shows evidence on the influence of risk-taking on bank efficiency in emerging markets and identifies heterogeneity in the way risk affects banks with different characteristics. We fit a stochastic frontier model with random inefficiency parameters to a sample of Colombian banks. The model provides accurate cost and profit efficiency estimates. The effects of risk-taking on efficiency vary with size and affiliation. Large and foreign banks benefit more from higher exposure to credit and market risk, while domestic and small banks from being more capitalised. We identify some channels explaining these differences and provide insights for prudential regulation.     

Foreign banking in developing countries; origin matters

Driven by globalization and increased financial integration, the last decade has seen many foreign banks entering developing countries. Although the majority of these banks are from high-income countries, recently banks from developing countries have followed suit. This paper looks at this phenomenon, by examining the differences and similarities between developing and high-income country foreign banks. Using a large dataset on banking sector FDI in developing countries, we find that 27% of all foreign banks in developing countries are owned by a bank from another developing country, while these banks hold 5%of the foreign assets. The importance of developing country foreign banks is much larger in low-income countries (both in number of banks and in terms of assets) and this type of foreign banking is strongly regionally concentrated. Although foreign bank entry by both developing country as well as high-income country banks seems to be driven by economic integration, common language and proximity, banks from developing countries are more likely to invest in small developing countries with weak institutions where high-income country banks are reluctant to go. This result seems to suggest that developing country banks have a competitive advantage dealing with countries with a weak institutional climate. Furthermore, our results indicate that developing country foreign banks have a higher interest margin and are less profitable than foreign banks from high-income countries.     

Small Business Borrowing and the Owner–Manager Agency Costs: Evidence on Finnish Data

This study investigates the impact that managerial ownership has on loan availability and credit terms. We find that managerial ownership is common in a sample of small and medium‐sized Finnish firms. Our results suggest that an increase in managerial ownership decreases loan availability. The results on loan interest rates suggest that though an increase in managerial ownership initially increases interest rates, the effect is reversed at higher levels of ownership. Collateral requirements increase monotonically with managerial ownership. Overall, the results suggest that banks view that there are agency costs involved with managerial ownership even in small and medium‐sized firms and that this is taken into account when lending to these firms.     

国际金融服务贸易中商业存在规模的决定因素——基于我国银行业1985～2007年数据的Granger因果检验

在东道国设立"商业存在"是WTO金融服务贸易商重要的贸易方式,本文利用我国银行业的数据,创新性地针对影响外国银行"商业存在"规模与其决定因素之间的因果关系进行研究。通过协整检验及Granger因果检验发现,1985～2007年间,推动在我国设立的外国银行"商业存在"规模增长的主要因素是外国直接投资,而市场准入承诺、对外贸易规模以及我国银行业的平均盈利水平对"商业存在"规模的影响较小,同时,我国国民收入提高促进了外国银行"商业存在"及其主要影响因素进行了实证分析,研究发现:外国直接投资的增长推动了在我国设立的规模增长,反之亦然。     

基于因子分析的中外上市银行效率实证分析

效率对资源的有效配置至关重要,对中外上市银行的效率进行对比研究。通过因子分析方法,利用SPSS软件,对国内外24家商业银行进行效率评价,对研究我国商业银行效率管理有借鉴作用。     

农村合作银行经营效率评价指标体系设计

针对当前农村合作银行竞相提高经营效率这一现象，在“骆驼评价制度”的基础上，设计出一系列评价农村合作银行的经营效率的指标体系．并进一步引入沃尔比重分析法对农村合作银行经营效益进行综合评价。以期为农村合作银行如何更有效提高经营效率提供参考建议。     

Pricing of card payment services in Scandinavian banking: a comment

Willesson [(2009). Pricing of card payment services in Scandinavian banking. The Service Industries Journal, 29(3), 387–399] purports to demonstrate that when it comes to pricing of card payment services, Scandinavian banks with foreign operations will typically align themselves with the ‘pricing tradition’ in their foreign market(s). Unfortunately, a problem with Willesson's approach is that for several banks in his sample the foreign pricing tradition happens to coincide with the pricing strategy that the bank uses in its home market. As a result, it is impossible to determine whether these banks have really opted for a strategy of national responsiveness.     

开放经济条件下外资银行对我国商业银行效率影响研究

在开放经济条件下,外资银行已成为我国金融体系的重要组成部分。本文采用固定效应下的GLS法,运用面板数据实证分析了外资银行对我国商业银行效率的影响。研究发现,外资银行进入对我国商业银行效率具有显著的正面影响,改善了我国商业银行的收入、成本和利润状况。     

审慎监管有效性的实证研究——基于银行效率和风险的视角

基于2007～2013年我国商业银行面板数据,检验审慎监管指标与银行效率和风险的关系,从银行发展的视角对审慎监管有效性进行实证分析.研究发现;较高的资本充足率在降低银行信贷风险的同时,也导致其成本效率和利润效率下降;拨备覆盖率的增加有利于降低银行信贷风险,但却显著地提高了银行成本效率;存贷比监管不仅不能降低银行信贷风险和经营风险,还显著地增加了银行成本效率和利润效率,流动性比率对银行风险和银行效率的影响均不显著.这些结论表明,不同审慎监管工具对银行风险和效率的影响存在差别,部分审慎监管工具在降低银行风险的同时,也降低了银行效率,审慎监管的目标在效率和风险之间存在一定的取舍.