Supplier-Retailer Relationships in Grocery Distribution in Malaysia: Indications of Dominance,Conflict, and Cooperation

ABSTRACT

This exploratory study sets out to assess the presence of dominance, conflict and cooperation in channel relationships between grocery suppliers and retailers in Malaysia. There have been extensive studies on these channel issues in markets of developed countries but very little is known in markets of developing countries such as Malaysia. The initial assessment identifies traces of dominance, conflict and cooperation in the Malaysian channel environment. The findings suggest that the retailers perceive the suppliers as being more in control of the grocery distribution channels as indicated by the extent of influence they exert on channel functioning. The suppliers also acknowledged their roles in channel functioning as they felt that most channel issues are within their control. There also appears to be evidence of relationship characteristics identical to aspects of relationship marketing.     

渠道战略伙伴关系研究

渠道战略伙伴,是企业为了实现双赢目标或利益而形成的一种合作关系。目的是重新安排渠道中企业角色,改善企业间合作基础,以渠道战略伙伴的整体性降低渠道上成员之间交易的中间成本。研究伙伴间关系的需求选择与形成、维系与巩固、动态运行与磨合的存续过程,能增加信息共享水平,缩短交货期,提高用户满意度,以渠道整体性战略发挥较大的竞争优势,维系渠道伙伴成员持续共赢效用。     

Relationship and Market Conditions: Outcomes in Marketing Channels

Purpose: In today's highly competitive business environment, many organizations are tending to reduce the number of suppliers to focus on establishing stable and close relationships with a small number of them. The study here analyzes the influence of both market and relationship conditions on trust, commitment, and customer loyalty.

Methodology/Approach: Empirical research was conducted by collecting information from a sample of 304 retailers. A structural equations model is estimated.

Findings: Results support a positive influence of relationship value on trust and, in turn, on long-term orientation and commitment, with the latter as a strong antecedent of customer loyalty. In contrast, dependence on the main supplier does not seem to exert a significant effect on long-term orientation and commitment.

Originality/Value/Contribution: The evidence suggests that relationship conditions are important for creating value in B2B settings. Results shed additional light on the process of calculating, creating and claiming value.     

知识经济条件下国际营销渠道的变革趋势与策略

知识经济是建立在知识和信息的生产、分配和使用基础之上的经济形态。在知识经济条件下,市 场环境和国际营销渠道出现了新的变化,把握这些新变化并改进我国企业跨国经营的渠道策略,有利于 跨国经营企业实现“走出去”战略目标。     

营销渠道成员关系承诺价值研究

关系承诺反映的是渠道成员期望维持与另一成员关系的一种态度。它被营销学者认为是渠道成员关系保持的基石。渠道成员产生关系承诺态度的前提是其关系承诺价值的存在,在给出关系承诺价值的成分构成及理论计算公式的基础上,用关系承诺价值指标作为关系生命周期阶段的划分指标,避免了用交易额或利润作为划分指标可能扭曲和放大关系发展实际状态的问题。     

信息共享下双渠道制造商与零售商协调研究

随着internet的应用越来越广泛,许多制造商不仅使用传统的销售商渠道销售产品,而且通过网上直销的方式进行产品销售,双渠道增加了渠道之间的竞争。零售商为了在渠道竞争中获得优势,可以通过花费一定的成本增加零售产品价值。通过建立博弈模型分析强势制造商在对零售商信息完全、信息不完全情况下的定价策略,分析得出制造商获得零售商信息的价值,以及零售商愿意向制造商分享成本信息时的临界收益,旨在提出参考建议。     

从交易营销到战略营销:营销理论范式的比较与创新

市场营销发展的历史表明,在现代的市场竞争下单纯依赖以4Ps策略为分析框架的交易营销范式已经逐渐失去了对新问题的解释力。关系营销范式因为缺乏明确的研究框架和分析工具还不能成为主流的营销范式。而伴随着现代竞争的日益发展,基于竞争和顾客导向的战略营销管理理论范式越来越具有影响力。SMM范式具备一个全新的理论范式的条件,将对未来我国企业的营销战略的制定,长远的营销发展具有重要的意义。     

关于流通渠道中生产商与零售商关系的博弈分析

本文以流通渠道中的生产商和零售商为研究对象,基于完美信息的连续策略博弈,建立了双方的纳什均衡模型。研究结果表明,直接渠道对于生产商最为有利,其次为生产商主导的混合渠道、零售商主导的混合渠道和间接渠道;而对于零售商恰好相反。文章最后对研究结论进行了验证,并对中国流通业的发展现状进行了反思。     

Effects of Dependence and Trust on Channel Satisfaction,Commitment and Cooperation

ABSTRACT

Although researchers in the area of channel behavior have examined issues of dependence and trust on satisfaction, commitment and cooperation independently, the joint effects of dependence and trust on the listed dependent variates have received little attention in the literature. This study seeks to fill that void via an experiment conducted in Singapore. Extending on the work of Andaleeb (1996), an experimental design to create treatment groups with differing levels of dependence and trust was used to establish the relationships between the dependent and independent constructs. Research results highlight the important mediating effect of trust on dependence in determining attitudinal and behavioral outcomes. Specifically, all three dependent constructs were rated highly under conditions of high trust, regardless of the level of dependence, pointing to the overbearing influence of trust in shaping channel dynamics.     

休闲装品牌营销渠道宽度与品牌经营年限之间的关系研究

渠道宽度作为营销渠道结构之一,对产品的营销效果影响非常重要。本文在西方关于营销渠道的理论基础上,结合国内现有休闲装品牌的实际市场情况,通过个案研究,用SPSS曲线分析法得出休闲装品牌渠道宽度与品牌经营年限之间的关系。     

工商企业间渠道忠诚培育策略研究

营销渠道成员间的满意、信任和相互依赖通过直接或间接的方式影响着工商企业间的渠道忠诚。要培育工商企业间的渠道忠诚,应增加渠道成员满意感,培育渠道感性信任和理性信任,增加转换成本、加强双方的依赖关系,从而建立持续的合作关系。     

构建关系型营销渠道:一个渠道知识共生网络

在传统的交易营销理念指导下所形成的交易型营销渠道因现代营销环境的改变和关系营销理念的广泛应用,其地位和作用日益受到挑战和限制。因此,在这样的背景下,改革交易型营销渠道,建立以关系营销理念为指导的关系型营销渠道成为企业界和理论界共同关注的一个重要课题。本文首先综述了西方营销渠道关系理论的研究内容,然后在交易型营销渠道与关系型营销渠道比较的基础上提出了一个构建关系型营销渠道的渠道知识共生网络。     

营销渠道控制:理论、模型与研究命题

营销渠道控制是一个渠道成员对另一个渠道成员的行为与决策变量成功施加影响的过程。渠道控制的本质是对渠道成员(组织)的行为进行控制,同时它也是一种跨组织控制、相互控制(或交叉控制)和结果导向的行为过程。渠道控制根植于相互依赖的渠道关系中,因而它与渠道关系中的诸多变量存在着千丝万缕的联系。本文从西方渠道行为理论的视角出发,构建了一个渠道控制过程模型,并提出了若干研究命题。     

网络营销环境下多渠道冲突的成因

随着电子营销渠道的建立,网络营销环境下的多渠道冲突日趋加剧。以新的视角,从渠道权力配置的变化、利益之争和制造企业的渠道管理水平等方面对网络营销环境下多渠道冲突的成因进行探讨,以期为制造企业在新环境下进行有效的多渠道冲突管理提供理论参考。     

Interfirm Relationships in Emerging Markets: The Importance of Relationships and Cultural Sensitivity

While interfirm relationship value has attracted considerable attention in a domestic market context, little research has examined international buyer-seller relationships. This is surprising, as interfirm relationships across national borders have become increasingly important due to growing liberalization of world trade. Even less research is found including emerging markets. This study use cases with Norwegian seafood export to Turkey as illustrations of the importance of relationship value and cultural sensitivity when conducting business with an emerging country such as Turkey. The data is based on in-depth interviews of Turkish importers.     

The Individual Aspect of Interorganizational Cooperation: Favor-Based Cooperation

ABSTRACT

Purpose

Interorganizational (IO) cooperation has been examined primarily as a role-based concept. This research seeks to extend this concept by examining a distinct mode of IO cooperation: favor-based cooperation. This concept refers to voluntary exchanges of preferential treatments between boundary personnel across organizations that are perceived as going beyond the requirements of their role relationships.     

The Strategic Role of the Salesperson in Established Buyer-Seller Relationships

When the ordering function is governed by administrative arrangements and sales are regulated by long-term contracts, managers may question the necessity and the tasks of the sales function within established customer relationships. The authors examine three issues related to the role of the salesperson in established industrial buyer-seller relationships: (1) appropriate measures of salesperson performance within a relationship, (2) behaviors and skills affecting salesperson performance, and (3) the effect of salesperson performance on the relationship. The results from a survey of industrial buyers suggest that the salesperson has a significant and substantial effect on relationship continuity. They also show that the salesperson contributes to perceptions of the supplier's reliability and supplier services. The key attributes of an effective salesperson are ability to resolve conflicts, ability to develop a personal relationship with customers, and ability to facilitate exchange of information between the supplier and buyer firms.     

营销渠道合作理论及其应用

对营销渠道合作的经典理论进行了回顾与分析,对其最新发展战略联盟进行了评述,并利用这些理论对我国目前的营销渠道合作提出两点建议:渠道强势企业不要滥用自己的优势地位,渠道企业应树立共赢理念,力争使合作达到建立渠道联盟的新高度。     

Channel Intermediaries and Manufacturer Performance: An Exploratory Investigation in an Emerging Market

Channel intermediaries (hereafter, intermediaries) are among the most critical elements of any supply chain as the bulk of manufacturing output is transported through them. However, we have a limited understanding of the approach a manufacturer should take to achieve the dual goal of increasing profitability and intermediary satisfaction. To provide manufacturers with practical strategies to boost their performance and their intermediaries’ satisfaction, we rely on three related studies. In Study 1, through interviews with managers and intermediaries, we find that distribution alignment across intermediary, market, and product types may be a practical strategy for both manufacturers and intermediaries. In Study 2, by using a robust empirical methodology with data from a construction product manufacturer operating in an emerging market, we find that various combinations of intermediary, market, and product types affect the manufacturer’s performance differently. Accordingly, through a supply-side examination, we quantify the revenue impact of reallocating the studied manufacturer’s retail distribution resources among different intermediary-, market-, and product-type combinations. In Study 3, through a field implementation, we find that our recommended intermediary alignment strategy from Study 2 substantially boosts both the manufacturer’s performance (by fourteen percent in revenue and thirteen percent in profit) and intermediaries’ satisfaction (by 7.71%). Thus, with our qualitative, empirical, and field studies, we contribute to the existing research in channel management, emerging market retailing, retail distribution, and marketing strategy.     

资产专用性、渠道异质性与渠道投机行为:基于中国汽车企业的实证

为了提升渠道价值和培育竞争优势,营销战略会针对特殊的渠道交易伙伴进行专用性投资。交易成本理论认为专用性投资在带来高的附加值的同时,也使得进行专用性投资的渠道成员面临投机行为风险。中国的实证数据表明,虽然销售商的专用性投资会导致制造商渠道投机行为,但这会受到制造商自身的专用性投资的影响以及渠道关系持续的影响,即双边“锁定”和渠道关系的持续会有效避免渠道投机行为。