我国生鲜食品超市业态成长的限制性因素与对策--基于"技术边界线"的实证分析

"技术边界线"是零售业态变迁的限制性因素.这蕴含着两个假设前提,又可引申出二个假设:价格、品种多样化和新鲜是生鲜食品消费者收入约束下效用最大化的购买选择依据;质量安全拐角解决定消费者购买行为,不存在拐角解时,消费者才采用综合评判标准来选择购买场所.因此,超市潜在的质量安全优势并未发挥出来;超市的便利和舒适的购物环境定位只是占权重较小的消费者评判指标.我们利用问卷调查资料证实了文中假设.     

Identifying multiple preference segments from own- and cross-price elasticities

The authors develop an approach to decompose a market-level matrix of own- and cross-price elasticities to reveal potentially overlapping preference segments. The approach is grounded on the premise that markets may be represented by a parsimonious number of relatively homogeneous segments. Market-level elasticities are expressed as functions of segment weights and within-segment market shares. These relationships permit segment weights and within-segment market shares to be estimated from the market-level elasticity matrix and patterns of brand substitutability to be analyzed. The approach is illustrated with data on the grocery coffee category.The authors wish to thank M/A/R/C Inc., Las Colinas, Texas and Information Resources, Inc., Chicago, Illinois for their assistance in collecting the data used in this study. This research was supported in part by the Dean's Fund for Faculty Research of the Owen School.     

高效液相色谱法测定肉制品中双乙酸钠的不确定度评定

按照GB/T 23383-2009利用反相高效液相色谱法对肉制品中双乙酸钠含量进行分析,建立数学模型,对测量结果的不确定度来源如标准物质、校准工作曲线、样品处理、回收率等各不确定度分量进行分析评定及量化。按数学模型计算得肉制品中双乙酸钠含量为0.460g/kg时,本方法的标准不确定度为0.022g/kg,扩展不确定度为0.044g/kg,最终结果的不确定度主要由样品溶液中双乙酸钠含量和样品处理过程产生。     

Product Procurement: A Comparison of Taiwanese and US Retail Companies

The buying function of Taiwanese and US retailers differs in several areas. The consingment method of selling is very prevalent in Taiwan but rarely used in the US. Taiwanense retail buyers were found to have less buying and retail experience than their US counterparts. However, neither buying nor retail experience were found to be significantly retaled to taiwanese buyers' attitudes about product procurement. Significant differences were identified between Taiwanese and US retail buyers' attitudes about country of origin and perceived value of imported merchandise. Taiwanese buyers were found to be more likely to rely on country of origin as an information cue than their US counterparts. On the other hand, as compared to Taiwanese buyers, US buyers were found more likely to percieve foreign apparel as having value than domestically manufactured products.     

Market and partner selection processes in international retail franchising

This paper adopts a qualitative, case study approach to examine the market and partner selection processes of retailers operating internationally via franchising. Despite the increasing prevalence of franchising as an entry mode for international retailers, little research exists that considers how these firms choose franchise markets and franchise partners. The paper proposes a conceptual framework of the market and partner selection process that exhibits opportunistic and strategic behavior. Firms adopting a strategic approach undergo a market screening process before market attractiveness factors ultimately lead to the market selection decision. In the strategic partner selection process that follows, finance, business know-how, local knowledge, a shared understanding of the business and brand, and, ultimately, chemistry between the partners are the key factors influencing partner selection. In the case of an opportunistic approach to market and partner selection, the process reverses, with partner selection directly influencing market selection.     

Retailing in the 21st century: reflections and prologue to research

Retailing in the 21st century will no doubt be very different from retailing in the 20th century, just as retailing in the 20th century was very different from retailing in the 19th century. To understand and explain current retailing phenomena and retailing-related phenomena, and accurately predict such phenomena, it is necessary to have a coherent and consistent definition of retailing as well as comprehensive retailing theories based on this definition. This introduction to the special issue argues for such a definition and related comprehensive theories.     

国际奢侈品牌中国高端消费市场进入模式分析

本文选择3个具有典型意义的国际奢侈品牌,以交易成本理论和市场进入理论为框架,采用多案例研究方法,从品牌管理、分销零售和财务运营3个核心方面对国际奢侈品牌中国高端消费市场成功进入模式进行分析,提出奢侈品牌市场进入理论,其具体包括3种模式:(1)全直营模式;(2)直营和代理并存模式;(3)全代理模式。通过对其他多个国际奢侈品牌案例进行的确认性研究,验证了以上典型模式分类和奢侈品牌市场进入理论。基于研究发现,结论部分对中国品牌管理提出了适合中国国情的建议。     

Demand and distribution relationships in the ready-to-drink iced tea market: A graphical approach

The relationship between distribution coverage and market share for an incumbent brand and for new entrants in the ready-to-drink iced tea market during its growth phase is explored using state space diagrams. This graphical visualization method was originally developed to disentangle lead–lag relationships between short nonstationary time series, a situation in which standard econometric methods have difficulty. In this research we show the usefulness of this method for long time series in offering complementary insights to econometric models, in providing a simple and managerially useful tool, and in conducting exploratory data analysis to guide subsequent modeling decisions. In the ready-to-drink iced tea market, usage of this method shows that during introduction of new brands and growth of the category, demand leads distribution, but that as the market matures, the dominant incumbent can defend with a distribution-leading-demand dynamic. Further, distribution coverage eventually becomes relatively stable so that short term fluctuations in demand (probably due to responses to promotion) have minimal impact on distribution.

Categorization of multiple channel retailing in Multi-, Cross-, and Omni‐Channel Retailing for retailers and retailing

Business experts have enthusiastically projected a seamless, retail world where customers can shop across channels, anywhere and at any time. This type of multiple channel retailing is often referred to as Omni-Channel Retailing. Within academia, by contrast, there have been proportionately fewer attempts to systematically categorize the diversity of multiple channel retailing that currently exists. Hence, the concepts Multi-, Cross-, and Omni-Channel are used indistinctly. This article proposes a categorization of Multi-, Cross-, and Omni-Channel Retailing for retailers and retailing by means of a literature review, a taxonomy of multiple channel retailing, a literature classification table, and by way of illustration, a mobile Click and Collect shop.     

中国国内市场分割的非政府因素探析——流通的渠道、组织与统一市场构建

现有文献往往把中国地区市场分割的主要原因归结于地方保护主义。本文则试图说明,作为非政府因素的流通渠道及流通组织也会对统一市场构建带来影响。采用31省2000—2009年的面板数据,以“价格法”计算市场分割系数进行回归分析,结果说明流通企业规模的扩大反而有可能带来市场分割的加剧,并且这种关系主要体现在批发环节。流通改革形成了“分枝状”的渠道结构,且因为有助于制造商实现地区价格歧视等原因而在路径依赖中不断自我强化。划分经营区域的经销商不断发展,取消了批发流通组织自主实现商品跨地区流转的作用,并给生产商进入各地区建立销售渠道造成了阻碍。由此,统一市场的构建需要对流通领域给予充分关注。