Validity of assessment centers for personnel selection

Research and practice in the application of assessment centers (AC) for personnel selection are reviewed and critiqued. Several examples of the use of ACs for external screening, internal promotion, and certification are described. Several types of evidence of validity of ACs for selection are reviewed, including representativeness of the content of dimensions and exercises in relation to job requirements, relationships among ratings within an AC, relationships of AC ratings and criteria of work effectiveness, and consequences of assessments including candidates' reactions to assessments and sub-group differences in ratings. Several controversies in research findings and practices of ACs are noted. Further research to address these controversies and new research to study emerging issues are suggested. Conclusions about the validity, fairness, and legal defensibility of ACs for personnel selection are offered.     

The employment interview: A review of current studies and directions for future research

The employment interview continues to be a prevalent device used by organizations and a popular topic of study among researchers. In fact, over 100 new articles have been published since Posthuma, Morgeson and Campion's [Posthuma, R. A., Morgeson, F. P., & Campion, M. A. (2002). Beyond employment interview validity: A comprehensive narrative review of recent research and trends over time. Personnel Psychology, 55, 1–81] review that are selectively examined and critiqued. During this timeframe, three main areas that have received considerable research attention are discussed: (1) understanding why “structured” interviews predict, (2) examining the constructs interviews may measure, and (3) investigating the applicant and interview factors that may affect the interview process. Despite advances made in our knowledge of employment interviews, numerous ideas for future research are advanced. Three key areas that deserve immediate research attention are: (1) establishing a common model and measurement of interview structure, (2) focusing on what constructs could be or are best measured, and (3) formulating consistent definitions, labeling and measurement of applicant factors. In this way, employment interview research can be advanced.     

The family and HRM in North America: how demographic and social changes are shifting the way work–family issues are managed by organizations and employees

This review examines the impact of changing demographics and changing family structures on organizational human resource management (HRM) practices. We explore the practical concerns and theoretical implications of these demographic changes. The impact of general environmental changes, globalization and technology, and the role of workforce changes, such as the changing nature of the family and the aging population, is considered. In addition, the emerging trends in HRM policies and their outcomes are reviewed, and the implications for management are discussed.     

Credit claiming

We consider a leader and a subordinate he appoints who work in a team. The public observes the organization’s performance, but not the separate contribution of the leader or of the subordinate. The leader may therefore claim credit for the good work of his subordinate. We find conditions which induce the leader to claim credit (both truthfully and untruthfully), and the conditions which lead the leader to appoint a subordinate of low ability.JEL Classification: M5Björn Segendorff gratefully acknowledge financial support from The Swedish Council for Research in Humanities and Social Sciences (HSFR, F0357/97). We are also grateful for comments by an anonymous referee.     

Poachers and gamekeepers: processes of class-based organisational closure and usurpation in Sri Lanka’s emerging private sector

In a qualitative study based on 25 interviews, we examine highly skilled workers’ accounts of class-based closure in emerging occupational sectors in Sri Lanka. Our findings reveal holes in the entrance criteria firms demanded to secure their elite status. Highlighting how individuals who were excluded at junior levels negotiate entry at mid/senior levels, we show how ‘poachers turn into gamekeepers’, illuminating the dialectical relationship between exclusion and inclusionary usurpation. We contextualise organisational closure, highlighting the influence of wider societal effects on the process.     

浅谈高职院校大学生职业生涯规划

本文从高职院校大学生职业生涯规划应做的几项工作入手,着重阐述了大学生职业生涯规划应从目标的设定到在校大学生在不同的阶段职业生涯的内容。     

Gerrymandering in personnel selection: A review of practice

Gerrymandering personnel selection systems is defined as those practices explicitly intended to improve the outcomes of individual applicants or groups of applicants to the detriment of other individuals and groups. Gerrymandering can serve a variety of purposes, such as enhancing demographic diversity, rewarding political allies, or giving hiring preference to specific individuals. This paper reviews eleven strategies for gerrymandering personnel selection systems. The strategies fall into three categories of decisions: decisions in choosing or designing personnel selection tools; decisions in scoring personnel selection tools; decisions in selecting among passing applicants. Perspectives on the appropriateness and ethics of gerrymandering are then reviewed.     

基于大学生择业心理困境及其成因的分析与干预

大学生就业难越来越成为严峻的社会问题,也给大学生因择业难带来心理上的多重困境,这不得不引起我们的重视。本文从大学生择业的心理困境入手,通过对其心理困境的成因分析,提出相应的就业指导及心理干预对策,以期达到促进其顺利就业的同时,也一并能实现其自我价值,最终为其人生增光添彩。     

信息时代对编辑人员职业素养的要求

在信息网络时代,新知识、新信息大量产生,知识更新速度越来越快,边缘学科、交叉学科不断涌现,对编辑人员提出了更高的要求。文章阐述了信息时代编辑人员应具备的职业素养,并对提高编辑人员职业素养的途径进行了探讨。     

Attitude and consciousness of Japanese men and women towards career commitment and continuity: the role of expected change in HRM policies

A survey was conducted on 302 working men and women in Japanese private firms and local government organization anrl 51 non-working Japanese women to examine the attitude and consciousness towards career commitment and continuity if organizations adopt some policy formulations in more relaxed ways to accommodate, particularly, Japanese women in the workplace. Many studies have well documented that women’s passive attitude towards career commitment and continuity, as compared to that of men, is the outcome of discriminatory HRM policies and practices in the internal labour market. The ANOVA results show that the attitude on the policy relating to work–home harmonization differs significantly between men and women. As compared to working women, non-working women would have a more positive attitude to career commitment and continuity if a work-home harmonization policy wcre adopted. The ANOVA results also reveal that men and women have shown an almost similar attitude to pay structure and, thus, the integrated corporate pay structure can help in developing women’s attitude and consciousness towards career commitment and continuity, but women cannot share equally with their male counterparts as regards the policy of career development; rather, they are demanding job security, distributive justice and career counselling in the workplace.     

以形成正确认知为基础的就业指导工作流程

职业发展的基础是合理择业,合理择业的基础是正确认知,正确认知的基础是:第一,制定合理的就业指导工作流程;第二,建立健全分层次递进可持续指导的就业指导服务内容体系、组织体系。     

Talent or Not? Employee Reactions to Talent Identification

In this article, we examine the effect of talent identification on employee attitudes. Building on social exchange theory, we analyze the association between employees' perceptions about whether or not they have been formally identified as “talent” and the following attitudinal outcomes: commitment to increasing performance demands, building skills, and supporting strategic priorities; identification with the unit and the multinational enterprise; and turnover intentions. Our analyses of 769 managers and professionals in nine Nordic multinational corporations reveal a number of differences between employees who perceive that they have been identified as “talent” and those who either perceive that they have not been identified or do not know whether they have been identified. We found only limited differences between the two latter categories.     

隅谈会计人员的职业素质

会计人员的职业素质不仅决定其职业行为、职业能力和工作质量的高低,而且直接影响其职业生涯的发展,甚至影响社会经济的进步。所以,会计人员在其职业生涯中应该不断学习,自我完善,加强专业理论水平和专业基本技能、职业道德修养、法制意识和政治素质等方面的学习提高。确保实事求是、客观公正地实施职业行为,做到知法、守法,准确、规范地做好本职工作。     

信息时代对编辑人员职业素养的要求

在信息网络时代,新知识、新信息大量产生,知识更新速度越来越快,边缘学科、交叉学科不断涌现,对编辑人员提出了更高的要求。文章阐述了信息时代编辑人员应具备的职业素养,并对提高编辑人员职业素养的途径进行了探讨。     

应用小电流接地选线装置 提高南宁电网接地故障处理效率

文章综合比较各种小电流接地选线原理,结合南宁电网目前接地故障处理方法,建议利用接地选线装置提高接地故障处理效率,确保电网安全运行。     

架空线缆雷电感应过电压仿真研究

本文从理论上分析了感应雷击在架空线缆上形成的过电压特性,采用传输线理论模型和Agrawal方程,推导出感应雷过电压波形的解析公式;分析了感应雷电压波形基本特征及电缆长度、波阻抗、大地电导率等参数对感应雷电压波形的影响。仿真结果验证了理论分析和解析公式的正确性,表明该方法不仅物理意义明确,而且便于编程实现,计算效率高。     

Major EEO issues relating to personnel selection decisions

This paper examines recent EEO (Equal Employment Opportunity) case law precedents relating to personnel selection, most notably hiring, training, promotion and downsizing. The statutes referenced include Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) of 1967, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 as amended by the ADA Amendments Act of 2008 (ADAAA), Constitutional claims, the Civil Rights Act of 1991 (CRA-91), and Executive Order 11246 on Affirmative action. Seven topics are featured, including: (I) disparate treatment theory, (II) adverse impact theory in the ADEA, (III) adverse impact theory in Title VII, (IV) affirmative action based on operational needs, (V) key ADA rulings and the ADA amendments Act of 2008 (ADAAA), (VI) retaliation, and (VII) mandatory binding arbitration agreements. The case law surveyed reveals costly mistakes employers and HR managers can make, but which can be avoided with proper methods and policies. Some issues may require professional help (e.g., developing and validating selection tests), whereas others (e.g. retaliation), can be addressed in-house with knowledge of policies and procedures recommended by the EEOC to prevent problems from occurring, and to quickly correct them if they occur.     

论规避反倾销逆向选择的会计标准化

为了规避反倾销造成的逆向选择风险,出口企业应该根据信息经济学的有关理论,正确实施会计标准化的两个重要方面——会计政策的选择、会计国际化管理制度安排。特别是我国新会计准则体系实施后。出口企业应该如何选择会计政策是本文探讨的重点。