个体投资行为的伦理学思考

随着经济社会的不断发展,个体投资行为也在不断增多.对个体投资行为进行伦理规定,对个体投资获利目的进行伦理判断,对个体投资获利行为进行伦理评价,都是需要认真对待的投资伦理问题.同时,对个体投资行为进行伦理研究,有利于人们养成积极、健康和文明的投资习惯.     

个人帐户养老基金有效投资的模式选择

成立专门养老保险基金管理公司 实行这种模式的养老金个人帐户实行强制性供款基准制,计划参与者拥有个人帐户,可以自由选择养老基金公司.养老基金公司是经监管部门授权专门成立,其只能从事与养老基金有关的业务.这种模式的优点在于个人拥有充足的自由选择权,而且可能避免政府直接管理养老基金可能导致的腐败和不信任问题.但这种模式同时存在创建成本(set-up expense)和营销成本高、规模不经济、以及养老基金公司间的恶性竞争等问题.一般认为,在金融市场不发达、金融机构自律水平较低、内控制度和监管制度不健全时易于采取该模式.其典型代表是智利.     

长期股权投资成本法的简易核算

权益法反映投资企业在被投资单位应享有的份额。成本法反映投资成本和实际分享的投资收益，但确认的收益仅限于所获得的被投资单位在接受投资后产生的累计盈余的分配额。为避免繁琐的计算，投资企业确认投资收益时，其实只需要比较被投资单位接受投资后累积盈利和累积分配两个指标：当累积盈利大于累积分配时，确认投资收益；当累积盈利小于累积分配时，差额部分按持股比例冲减初始投资成本；被投资单位不分配，无论盈亏，投资企业均不做账务处理。     

资本账户开放对企业投资效率的影响研究

依据2001—2017年95个国家的上市企业数据,考量资本账户开放对企业投资效率的作用。结果显示：资本账户开放能提高企业投资效率,缓解投资不足,抑制过度投资;机制检验表明,资本账户开放通过提高市场竞争、缓解融资约束以及提高风险承担水平三个渠道提高企业投资效率。异质性检验显示,流入方向的资本账户开放对企业投资效率的提升更大,资本账户开放主要提高了金融市场发展程度高的国家、外部融资依赖度高的行业以及高杠杆率企业的投资效率。鉴于此,建议有序开放资本账户,加快金融市场建设,积极融入全球资本市场发展。     

Bringing science to the art of strategy

Many managers feel doomed to trade off the futile rigor of ordinary strategic planning for the hit-or-miss creativity of the alternatives. In fact, the two can be reconciled to produce novel but realistic strategies. The key is to recognize that conventional strategic planning, for all its analysis, is not actually scientific-it lacks the careful generation and testing of hypotheses that are at the heart of the scientific method. The authors outline a strategy-making process that combines rigor and creativity. A team begins by formulating options, or possibilities, and asks what must be true for each to succeed. Once it has listed all the conditions, it assesses their likelihood and thereby identifies the barriers to each choice. The team then tests the key barrier conditions to see which hold true. From here, choosing a strategy is simple: The group need only review the test results and choose the possibility with the fewest serious barriers. This is the path P&G took in the late 1990s, when it was looking to become a major global player in skin care. After testing the barrier conditions for several possibilities, it opted for a bold strategy that might never have surfaced in the traditional process: reinventing Olay as a prestigelike product also sold to mass consumers. The new Olay succeeded beyond expectations-showing what can happen when teams shift from asking "What is the right answer" and focus instead on figuring out "What are the right questions?".     

开个账户给自己

在银行工作最熟悉不过账户了,但在业务操作中是绝对不能给自己开户的。我说给自己开的这个户叫“心灵账户”,它不仅可以多头开户,还可以重复开户,但账号只有一个,那就是你自己。“心灵账户”采用的是增减记账法,尽管它早已被国际通用的借贷记账法取代了,但它更适用于“心灵账户”的核算。     

关于商业银行实行人力资源会计核算的思考

中国加入WT0后，商业银行面临大量人才流失的危机，各行如何计量人才、开发人才，取得人才使用价值最大化，迫在眉睫。本通过引入人力资源会计计量，从定量的。角度以实例对一个银行如何体现人力资源的组合与分配，怎样衡量人的价值大小、人力资源充沛与贫乏等几个方面进行了分析，阐述了商业银行实行人力资源会计计量的意义。     

Bringing minds together

Boston Scientific founder John Abele has been party to his share of groundbreaking innovations over the years. But the revolutionary advances in medical science that these breakthroughs brought about were not the efforts of one firm alone, let alone one inventor. Abele tells two fascinating stories of collaboration--one about Jack Whitehead's upending of hospitals' blood and urine testing procedures and the other about Andreas Gruentzig's success in bringing balloon catheterization into the cardiology mainstream. Both Whitehead and Gruentzig spearheaded the emergence of entirely new fields, bringing together scientist-customers to voluntarily develop standards, training programs, new business models, and even a specialized language to describe their new field. The process of collaboration, Abete says, is fraught with contradictions and subtlety. It takes consummate leadership skills to persuade others to spend countless hours solving important problems in partnership with people they don't necessarily like. Moreover, managing egos so that each person's commitment, energy, and creativity is unleashed in a way that doesn't disadvantage others requires an impresario personality. Finally, true authenticity--something that few people can project--is critical for earning customers' trust and convincing them that their valuable contributions won't be used for anything other than moving the technology forward.     

加强账户管理防范信贷风险

账户管理是银行信贷管理的一项基本职责,正确开立企业账户,规范账户核算,为农业发展银行监测粮棉油收购资金运行,及时发现和制止收购资金流失,防范信贷风险能起到有力的保障作用.本文联系当前粮棉油购销企业账户管理中存在的问题,深刻剖析产生问题的原因,提出了一些加强账户管理的建议性策略.     

Bringing the market inside

During the dot-com boom, many people saw the potential for new communication technologies to enable radically new business models, but they were far too optimistic about the speed with which the revolution would occur. Now, as the bitter disillusionment of the dot-com bust begins to fade, we have a chance to think again--this time more rationally--about how best to take advantage of the remarkable changes these new technologies are gradually making possible. One such change is the ability to create markets inside companies, allowing decision making to be decentralized and introducing some of the efficiency, flexibility, and motivating influence of free markets. In this article, the author examines this nascent form of business organization, exploring the benefits as well as the potential risks. BP, for example, met its goal of reducing the company's greenhouse gas emissions nine years ahead of schedule, not by setting and enforcing targets for each division but by allowing business unit heads to buy and sell emissions permits among themselves using an electronic trading system. And Hewlett-Packard recently experimented with a system that allowed employees to buy and sell predictions about likely printer sales, using a kind of futures contract. The markets ended up predicting the actual printer sales with much more accuracy than official HP forecasts. At a fundamental level, these changes are enabled by the fact that electronic technologies allow information to be widely shared at little cost. This simple fact has a profound implication for organizing businesses. When more people have more information, they can use it to make their own well-informed decisions, appropriate to local circumstances, instead of following orders from above. As a result, even very large companies can benefit from the collective wisdom of their employees.     

Regulation in Housing Finance: Bringing Theory to Policy*

The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics -     

"标会"的危害及其治理

对“标会”这种古老的民间信用形式要“疏堵”并重,一方面要积极发展正规金融,以满足各方的资金需要,另一方面对规模较大、影响较坏的“标会”给予打击,坚决遏制犯罪分子的诈骗活动。     

Bringing Silicon Valley inside

In 1998, Silicon Valley companies produced 41 IPOs, which by January 1999 had a combined market capitalization of $27 billion--that works out to $54,000 in new wealth creation per worker in a single year. Multiply the number of employees in your company by $54,000. Did your business create that much new wealth last year? Half that amount? It's not a group of geniuses generating such riches. It's a business model. In Silicon Valley, ideas, capital, and talent circulate freely, gathering into whatever combinations are most likely to generate innovation and wealth. Unlike most traditional companies, which spend their energy in resource allocation--a system designed to avoid failure--the Valley operates through resource attraction--a system that nurtures innovation. In a traditional company, people with innovative ideas must go hat in hand to the guardians of the old ideas for funding and for staff. But in Silicon Valley, a slew of venture capitalists vie to attract the best new ideas, infusing relatively small amounts of capital into a portfolio of ventures. And talent is free to go to the companies offering the most exhilarating work and the greatest potential rewards. It should actually be easier for large, traditional companies to set up similar markets for capital, ideas, and talent internally. After all, big companies often already have extensive capital, marketing, and distribution resources, and a first crack at the talent in their own ranks. And some of them are doing it. The choice is yours--you can do your best to make sure you never put a dollar of capital at risk, or you can tap into the kind of wealth that's being created every day in Silicon Valley.     

Worldcom财务的"葵花宝典"

一切都在情理之外,但一切又都在预料之中一世界通信公司(WorldCom)25日晚间承认,在过去的5个季度里虚报了38亿美元的利润.包括WorldCom的CEOJohn Sidgmore,与前任CEO BernardEbbers以及首席财务官Scott Sullivan都将会在7月8日面临一系列财务与司法的审查.然而,作为美国第二大长途电话公司、电信行业的"航母",WorldCom的这一丑闻可能是美国历史上最大的公司财务欺诈案.在CNN、ABC传出消息后,美国股票价格和美元价格风雨飘摇,急速下跌.     

保持经常项目顺差与金融项目逆差:中国维持经济持续增长的唯一路径

本文分析了当前中国大经济体与人民币小货币之间的矛盾,指出借鉴二战后美元以及上世纪70—80年代前西德马克的历史经验,通过金融账户逆差向外输出人民币和人民币资产以推进人民币国际化才是保持中国经济平稳增长的正确途径;文章进而从中国巨额外汇储备、实体经济实力以及当代不稳定双本位国际货币体系等方面继续论证了人民币国际化的历史趋势性。