经济法的理念和价值范畴分析

经济法对于中国经济和人民的生活有着极大地意义,通过对经济法的价值和理念的分析,我们进一步的对其进行了了解。明确经济法的理念和价值范畴有利于进一步揭露经济法的本质,有利于提炼经济法的基本原则。经济法为调整我国经济规范,治理经济犯罪、协调经济分配制定了一套行之有效的规范。经济法的理念和价值一直是经济法学界理论研究的重要内容。对经济法的理念和价值范畴的正确理解,对经济法理论的系统形成和走向科学化有着重大的意义。     

经济法体系概念探讨

经济法的体系是经济法理论中的一个重要的问题,它与经济法的调整对象有直接的联系,并且比调整对象更为直观和具体。目前国内学者对经济法体系的概念有着不同的理解,从而影响了经济法体系的具体内容,不利于经济法的发展。因此,笔者认为,首先应该分析学界关于经济法体系的不同观点,明确经济法体系概念,进而得出合理结论。     

经济法对现实经济生活的作用

本文首先界定了经济法,现实经济生活的概念,并指出经济法的作用即经济法对物质资料的生产、交换、分配和消费过程通过对交换主体和交换关系所发生的影响.接着阐明了经济法对现实经济生活作用的路径.经济法的作用与经济法的本质相联,经济法的本质决定了经济法起作用的方式和范围.在经济干预主义和经济协调主义的本质下,经济法一要抑制和预防市场弊端和市场失灵,二要克服和防止政府失灵,三要适时抉择,协调市场与政府的轻重关系.再次,论述经济法对现实经济生活作用的具体表现.经济法的各个体系分别起着不同的作用.再借助具体案例阐述经济法对经济生活生产、交换、分配三个环节的影响.最后,经济法的作用并不总是积极的,在不同的历史维度和不同的国度有着不同的变现形式.对经济法及其作用不同时期历史变化的研究有助于我们更好地发挥经济法的作用.     

对经济法基本原则的再分析

经济法的基本原则是经济法的精神实质和实践纲领。其必要性是由法的普遍性与经济法的自身特征决定的。文章在论述经济法调整对象的基础上 ,对目前国内理论界有关经济法基本原则的几种主要观点作出揭示和评析。文章认为 ,经济法的基本原则应表现为适当干预和合理竞争两原则。     

生态经济视阈下生态正义与经济法的新使命

文章基于对市场经济传统理论和经济法产生的沿革的对比,对生态经济下生态正义与经济法的时代使命进行了分析,看到了市场经济下的传统经济理论成为经济法产生和发展的理论基础,并指引了经济法调整经济运行的目标。文章发现随着社会经济环境的变迁和生态经济思想的提出,经济法的理论基础发生了改变,经济法的价值体系也应该做出调整,经济法的时代使命也必然发生改变。文章得出生态经济下的生态正义的结论,立足于经济法价值体系与时代使命的关系,通过对经济法的传统价值和传统使命的回顾,对经济法新价值与新使命进行分析概括,对架构经济法价值体系的经济学理论前提即"生态经济人"思想加以论证,最后总结了经济法的新的价值内容和价值实现的路径。     

确定经济法责任权利主体为“多数人”的理论与法律依据

经济法责任是经济法基础理论中的中枢环节,在经济法基础理论中具有承上启下的地位,上承经济法法律关系,下启经济执法和司法。但长期以来,经济法责任的权利主体不够清晰。本文的研究结论是,经济法责任与民法责任的重要不同是权利主体具有多数人的特征。确定经济法责任权利主体是多数人,对理解经济法律关系的特点和建立、完善执法为民制度有重要意义。     

中西方经济法产生发展历史轨迹及差异

经济法可分为西方经济法和东方经济法两家,中国经济法属于东方经济法.东西方经济法由于兴起的历史背景不同,从而在许多方面存在差异.我国经济法却忽视中西方经济法的差异,主要表现为以个性代替共性和盲目移植等不良倾向.中西方经济法生成历史背景和发展情况都存在很大的差异,主要表现在生成背景及启动因素、生成的法制环境、生成的路径存在很大差异,中国应该走构建有中国特色的社会主义经济法道路.     

经济法律关系略论

经济法律关系是经济法十分重要的基础理论之一,但是,经济法学界对此探讨并不多.对经济法概念的界定只能使我们抽象、模糊地认识经济法,更进一步探讨经济法律关系则使我们更具体地把握经济法的内涵和外延,从而有助于认识经济法与民法和行政法的区别.     

浅谈经济法的基本原则

经济法的基本原则是经济法的精神实质和实践纲领.当前,法学界对于经济法的基本原则莫衷一是,这同经济法作为一个独立部门法的地位十分不相称.本文从经济法作为-个独立的法的部门出发,通过对关于经济法基本原则的已有学说观点的总结,提出经济法的基本原则.     

论经济法的平衡理念

利益冲突是人类社会一切冲突的最终根源,经济法引入利益分配机制,使社会利益在不同主体之间合理分配,形成经济法的平衡理念。经济法平衡理念契合了和谐社会发展的基本要求,因此,通过介绍经济法平衡理念的产生、经济法平衡理念的理论基础,对经济法的性质、立法本位和价值取向做了深入分析,以使经济法平衡理念更好地为和谐社会建设服务。     

我国房地产税制的现状及改革构想

房地产税制是维护房地产市场公平竞争，实现国家对房地产业宏观调控的有力杠杆。然而，我国现行的房地产税制却存在税费不分、税制不统一、税制结构不合理等诸多问题。严重影响了其对房地产业应有的宏观调控作用。因此，适时地推进房地产税制的改革应是当务之急，应统一内外税制，合理界定税费的范围，建立统一、规范、合理的房地产税收体系。     

The Change in Productive Efficiency in Telecommunications in the United States

The question addressed here is whether the adoption of incentive regulation, which has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA, has resulted in a change in the technical efficiency of local exchange carriers in the USA. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988-2001 period indicate that in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988-1990 period and the 1991- 2001 period, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.     

西部地区人力资本投资与知识化发展

人力资本投资在推动知识化发展的过程中存在自增强机制，通过促进人力资本保值增值，进行人力资源合理配置，改善配置环境和配置政策、完善配套措施，有助于充分发挥这一机制的功能，从而实现西部地区知识化发展。     

Age Discrimination in Employment in Canada

Issues pertaining to age discrimination in employment in Canada are analyzed with a view toward highlighting lessons that may be learned from the Canadian experience—an experience that is taking on increased policy importance. Reasons for the increased attention to age discrimination issues are outlined, followed by a portrayal of the age discrimination legislation and court interpretations in Canada, especially as they pertain to mandatory retirement. Enforcement aspects are discussed, as is the evidence on age discrimination in employment and the effectiveness of legislation with respect to age discrimination and mandatory retirement. The article concludes with a discussion of the lessons to be learned from the Canadian experience, especially with respect to the poorly understood but complicated relationship between age discrimination and mandatory retirement. Policy recommendations for strengthening age discrimination legislation are also outlined. (JEL J14 , J24 , J71 )     

Inequalities in Income Distribution in Slovenia

This article presents an empirical analysis of income distribution based on income tax data for Slovenia in 1991-2000. It presents evidence of rising inequalities in income distribution (gross income, gross wages and pensions). These results are supported by coefficients of variation, Gini coefficients and by the Lorenz curves. Inequalities increased rapidly in the 1991 to 1993 period. After a significant decrease in 1994 and a steady increase from 1995 to 2000, the peak value from 1993 was not surpassed. Atkinson's requirements for dominance comparisons are not violated. Inequalities are also present in the distribution of the benefits of economic growth among income groups.     

上海生态农业发展影响因素研究

文章分析了上海生态农业发展的影响因素,并利用计量模型进行检验,认为影响上海生态农业发展的主要因素有农业基础设施、农业劳动力资源、农业产业化水平、农业科技实力状况。     

Public participation in forestry in Turkey

Recently public participation in forestry has been seriously considered in Turkey. Participation is however quite a challenge for a country with a long tradition of top-down management and a strong bottom-up dependence on public provisioning. In such a setting, it may not be surprising that the experiences with public participation in forestry in Turkey are mixed. There are some positive initiatives like the creation of farmer's cooperatives and NGOs, but their role is quite limited and small of scale. This paper is bringing together different views based on existing studies in Turkish related to Turkey's experience with implementing public participation in forestry.     

Inter-enterprise arrears in economies in transition

In the context of economies in transition, the paper argues that an excessive liquidity squeeze could throw the economy into a persistent state of low economic activity. In such bad equilibrium, enterprise transactions become largely demonetized, with a chain of arrears, a form of involuntary credit, spreading over the entire system. The empirical analysis of the Romanian experience seems to support the view advanced in the paper.