首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
研究目的:在对农地整理管护绩效进行测度的基础上,揭示管护绩效的影响因素及其在不同分位点处的变化特征。研究方法:结构—行为—绩效的研究范式和基于OLS回归、分位数回归的实证检验。研究结果:(1)实证区域管护绩效均值为35.620,标准差为5.583,呈非正态的\"单峰模式\"分布;(2)OLS回归结果指出,制度结构和管护行为显著影响农地整理管护绩效,验证了\"结构—行为—绩效\"分析框架的有效性;(3)分位数回归的结果说明,低、中、高水平区间内管护绩效的影响因素不完全一致。研究结论:分位数的研究视角有助于深入分析管护绩效的样本分布区间特征,在不同绩效水平区间应综合运用多种管理措施以提升管护绩效。  相似文献   

2.
[目的]已有研究对目标价格政策的分析具有较强的启发意义,但对籽棉交易价格方面的研究较少。文章通过实证数据分析影响籽棉交易价格的相关因素,试图找到植棉农户交易风险的重要变量。[方法]分区间统计新疆28个县市1 140份交易数据,使用分位数回归模型对整个数据样本进行解析,并采用bootstrap方法对籽棉交易价格进行分位数回归,进一步解释各因素对籽棉交易价格的影响。[结果](1)随着分位点的提高,籽棉交易数量对籽棉交易价格的影响程度呈现出先下降后上升的\"U型\"趋势,交易规模扩大对籽棉交易价格提升的作用较为明显;(2)在0.7分位点以前,有中介对籽棉交易价格的影响程度较为稳定;(3)随着分位点的提高,南疆对籽棉交易价格的影响程度越来越大;(4)在低分位点籽棉交易等级对籽棉交易价格的影响具有不确定性;(5)随着籽棉交易的进行,籽棉交易价格与籽棉交易时间呈现出显著的负相关关系。[结论]籽棉交易价格会因各种因素影响而发生变化,其中单个农户籽棉交易数量的提高会有利于单笔籽棉交易价格的提高,交易时间与籽棉交易价格具有明显负向关系;南北疆籽棉交易价格因地域不同而出现差别;棉花交易等级对籽棉交易价格形成具有显著影响,但同一长度不同等级籽棉交易价格基本一致;不同棉花交易主体对籽棉交易价格的形成具有较大影响。  相似文献   

3.
[目的]通过构建辽吉黑农产品供应链大数据平台,以期实现东北地区经济持续发展,整合辽吉黑农产品种植、生产、运输等分散主体,有效协调政府部门监管、企业加工和运输、消费者等之间的利益提供借鉴。[方法]文章分析辽吉黑农产品发展现状及以零散农户为中心、以中间商为中心、以龙头企业为中心、以农民合作社为中心的4种农产品供应链模式,剖析辽吉黑农产品供应链存在生产信息化水平落后、农产品物流技术滞后、农产品信息服务平台缺失等问题,构建辽吉黑农产品供应链大数据平台。[结果]辽吉黑农产品供应链大数据平台可实现4个功能:(1)通过建立省级或者大区域农产品信息平台,有助于实现农产品资源跨区域整合和流通,实现资源优化配置,有利于各参与者统筹规划,实现农产品资源互联互通和农产品信息共享;(2)突破传统单一的某个环节监管、某一链条监管,实现从田间到餐桌全链条监管;(3)从传统的提供数据供应、需求向整条链条上农产品供给数量、需求数量、加工企业、分销网络等数据信息归纳、处理和分析,从提供信息向提供决策服务转变;(4)从事后处理向事前预警、风险防控转变,极大提升了政府各职能部门的监管效率和监管力度。[结论]采用\"互联网+\"思路构建的农产品供应链大数据平台,可促进农产品的协调和增值效应,确保农产品供应链健康、安全、可持续发展。  相似文献   

4.
    
The impacts of population growth and agglomeration development on urbanization are complex. They cannot be effectively disentangled by simple fixed-effect regression analyses. This study introduces the land use intensity (LUI) metric to measure urbanization, and further applies quantile and threshold regression models to examine the impacts of population (POP) and agglomeration development (AGD) on land use intensity using a sample of 297 Chinese cities. The results reveal the heterogeneous effects that POP and AGD have on LUI. Variation is also observed in the effects of POP and AGD on LUI by POP/AGD intervals. As POP increases, its pressure on LUI increases. In contrast, the accumulative effects of development are beneficial in restraining overdevelopment of land resources within a specific range. The findings suggest that understanding complex human and development effects provides valuable insights, references, and implications for urban development and land use policies, which can guide cities with greater potential land development space in reducing the risk of unsustainable urbanization. Policies are recommended for ecological construction, city grouping, and sustainable land use.  相似文献   

5.
本文利用最新中国家庭收入调查数据,分析2013—2018年我国农村居民收入分配的新状况,使用无条件分位数回归方法,讨论农村收入差距变化的主要原因。研究发现,2013—2018年我国农村居民收入显著增长,农村内部收入差距呈现一定的扩大趋势。市场化收入贡献率下降是农村内部差距上升的主要原因,低收入群体市场化收入增速下降、高收入群体要素回报率上升,导致这一时期农村收入差距有所扩大。本文建议加大政策扶持力度,稳定农产品市场价格,促进低收入群体收入稳定增长。要充分发挥农村高收入群体的作用,带动低收入农民致富增收,并有效缩小农村收入差距。  相似文献   

6.
    
Given the semi-obnoxious characteristic of hospitals, either being right next to hospitals or being too farther away without easy medical access indicates inconvenience to residents. Quantile regression is applied to examine the potentially non-linear effects of hospital spline distance on quantiles of property prices in Taipei Metropolis, Taiwan. The conventional continuous distance (from property to hospital) showed consistent negative impact on property prices, implying hospitals as amenities as generally believed. Nevertheless, the splines of hospital distance demonstrated a non-linear effect on property prices: the positive effect of spline k1 (0–500 m) on property prices indicates farther away from the hospital, higher the prices, possibly due to stronger negative externalities; the negative impact of spline k2 (500–1000 m) on property prices implies the negative impact of hospitals wears off as the positive impact reveals itself gradually; thus, the property prices fall as the distance increases; splines k5 (2000–2500 m) and k6 (2500–3000 m) also demonstrated significant negative effects. In short, hospitals would only be highly evaluated in a ‘close-but-not-too-close’ geographic location. From urban planning perspective, hospitals, which are crucial in ageing societies, may reduce its externalities by creating spatial barriers such as scenic roads to keep distance from adjacent properties.  相似文献   

7.
Tractors on eBay: Differences between Internet and In-Person Auctions   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
We provide a systematic examination of the differences between Internet and in-person auction prices for used tractors. A hedonic model estimated with transactions pooled between eBay and in-person auctions reveals statistically distinct price surfaces for the two auction venues and predicts significantly lower prices for comparable equipment sold on eBay, though this difference is attenuated for tractors fully covered by eBay's buyer protection program and is fully absent for the most frequently traded tractor. An endogenous venue selection model reveals that larger, more valuable tractors from states with more valuable stocks of machinery are more likely to be offered on eBay.  相似文献   

8.
We examine adoption of drought tolerant (DT) maize varieties using a four‐round panel dataset from six districts in Malawi. There is an increase in adoption of DT maize from 3% in 2006 to 43% in 2015 in our data. We focus on the effect of past drought exposure on adoption and the likelihood of DT maize being distributed under the Farm Input Subsidy Programme (FISP). Results show that past exposure to drought increases the probability of DT maize seed being distributed through FISP. Farmers who accessed maize seed subsidy coupons and were previously exposed to late season dry spells are more likely to use the seed subsidy coupon to redeem DT maize seed. The likelihood of adoption and adoption intensity (area under DT maize) are positively influenced by previous early season dry spells and access to seed subsidy. Previous late season droughts also positively affect adoption intensity. On the other hand, area share under DT maize is positively correlated with early season dry spells and past exposure to late season dry spells but negatively related to seed subsidy. FISP in Malawi appears to have stimulated adoption of DT maize directly through subsidy and indirectly through generating farmers’ experiences of the performance of DT varieties under drought conditions.  相似文献   

9.
Sri Lanka experienced robust economic growth during the period 1992–2014 and had a decline in inequality due to wages rising fastest among low earners. The decline in inequality came almost entirely from rising rewards to low-skill labor, consistent with Sri Lanka’s comparative advantage in the global economy. However, educational and occupational upgrading served to widen wage gaps between the highest earners and the rest of the workforce. Using quantile regression analysis, this study also finds that selection bias overestimates average wages and underestimates the level of inequality, while exaggerating the extent to which women’s wages grew. It concludes with a discussion of the negative implications of persistent inequities across education, occupation, and gender, and recommends policies to address them.  相似文献   

10.
研究目的:分析研究退耕还林工程对西部山区农户收入的影响和作用。研究方法:利用西安交通大学人口与发展研究所2008年4月在周至南部山区的农户生计调查数据,建立统计回归模型,分别采用多元线性和分位数回归分析方法,定量分析退耕还林工程对西部山区农户收入的影响。研究结果:参与退耕还林对农户家庭纯收入有着显著的正向影响,尤其是对于中低收入农户,但参与退耕通过户耕地面积和农业劳动时间变化对中低水平的农户收入也仍有一定的负面作用。研究结论:为巩固退耕工程成果,当地政府应提供信息,提高农户的社会资本,积极发展外出务工等非农生产活动。  相似文献   

11.
    
We examine the effects of external and internal expenditure on research and development on the business performance of industrial agri‐food enterprises. For this purpose, a data sample from the Encuesta de Estrategias Empresariales en España (Survey of Business Strategies in Spain) was used, which includes information on more than 400 businesses over the period 2000–2008. The econometric analysis uses quantile regressions to address the vast asymmetry of the variables and to identify non‐linear relationships. The results reveal interesting new findings on the impacts of R&D on the agri‐food industry. The most evident, although not the most immediately apparent, relationship concerns the positive effects of external R&D on business performance. Internal R&D was also revealed to be an important way of enhancing the productivity of SMEs. In addition, the modernisation of the production process through investment in capital goods continues to be the main path to improve competitiveness. However, support was found neither for the inverse relationship, that is the most profitable firms are those that spend the most on R&D, nor for complementarity between external and internal R&D. The latter would imply that the bulk of Spanish agri‐food firms have at most the capacity for only one type of R&D.  相似文献   

12.
研究目的:基于江西省“双百双千”农户调查数据,探究农户耕地质量保护行为对农业收入的影响及差异。研究方法:内生转换模型、分位数回归模型。研究结果:(1)与未参与耕地质量保护行为的农户相比,参与耕地质量保护行为对农业收入的提升具有显著促进作用。(2)农户耕地质量保护行为对不同农业收入水平的影响表现出一定差异。耕地质量保护行为对较低收入农户的增收作用不明显,对于中等收入农户的增收效应高于较高收入农户。资本投入型和劳动投入型耕地质量保护行为对农业收入的显著性方向与总体行为基本一致。(3)保险投保、高标准农田、生态认知对农户耕地质量保护行为有正向促进作用。研究结论:农户耕地质量保护行为具有显著的增收效应,但对不同农业收入的增收作用呈现显著差异性。据此,应加大对不同收入农户差异化的耕地保护推广力度,积极完善农业基础设施建设和农业保险制度,重点推进农业规模化经营,提升农户生态认知,进而激励农户持续开展耕地质量保护。  相似文献   

13.
    
We analyse the joint impacts of farm machinery use and off‐farm employment on maize yields and agrochemical expenses from a household survey of 493 farmers in China. Our findings are obtained from an innovative two‐stage econometric procedure that combines a bivariate ordered probit model with an endogeneity‐corrected ordinary least square regression model. The results show that farmers are jointly making decisions to use farm machines and to work off the farm and that these two household activities affect maize yields and agrochemical expenses in different ways. We show that farm machinery use significantly increases both maize yields and agrochemical expenses, while off‐farm employment significantly decreases agrochemical expenses. Our findings highlight the importance of additional machinery use in increasing farm production; the need to account for possible endogeneity in estimation; and the statistical significance of key household characteristics (gender, education, and household size) on overall farm production.  相似文献   

14.
[目的]在社会化服务体系建设不断推进的背景下,农户并非是可自我执行农药减量化的行为主体。分析社会化服务对农户采纳农药减量行为的影响,旨在发掘出以服务规模经营方式促进农户采纳农药减量行为的可行性策略。[方法]文章基于甘肃省802户农户调研数据,利用倾向得分匹配法构建反事实框架,剖析不同专业化服务对农户农药减量行为的影响,最后运用分位数回归模型分析农户农药减量不同行为水平下社会化服务影响效应的动态变化。[结果](1)农业社会化服务能够显著促进农户采纳农药减量行为。(2)讨论内生性后,社会化服务领域下更细化的专业化服务如技术培训、施药外包、农产品销售、产品质量认证等服务对农户农药减量行为具有显著正向影响,而农资供应服务的影响不显著。(3)技术培训、施药外包、产品质量认证等服务对农户农药减量行为高水平组的促进效果最强,对中等水平组的促进效果次之,对低水平组的促进效果最弱,而农产品销售服务的促进作用从中等水平组到高水平组呈现减弱趋势。(4)党员身份、信息来源对农户农药减量行为具有显著正向影响,种粮目的、风险感知对农户农药减量行为具有显著负向影响。[结论]政府对不同类型社会化服务的政策支持应有所差...  相似文献   

15.
目的 农业保险具有防灾减灾的功能,是重要的农村金融工具,体现了惠农富农的政策导向。随着农业保险进入高质量发展阶段,从微观农户层面研究农业保险的收入效应具有重要的现实价值。方法 文章基于2019年湖北、湖南和河南3省808份微观调查数据,运用多元线性回归模型和分位数回归模型,系统分析了农业保险对农户农业收入水平的影响。结果 农业保险会显著增加农户的农业收入水平,在使用工具变量方法处理互为因果问题,PSM方法纠正选择性偏误,以及截尾和缩尾处理后,结论依旧稳健。农业保险对不同收入农户的作用效果存在显著的异质性,随着分位数水平的提高,农业保险的增收效果逐渐减弱。结论 为充分发挥农业保险的保收增收功能,从强政策宣传,提高保险密度与深度;加大财政支持力度,完善保险体系建设;以及实施倾斜性保费补贴和赔偿机制三方面提出相关政策建议。  相似文献   

16.
目的 探讨新一代与老一代流动人口生活满意度的影响因素,为制定流动人口管理和农民工市民化政策提供参考。方法 文章基于珠三角地区流动人口的问卷调查数据,构建OLS回归模型和分位数回归模型分析两代流动人口生活满意度。结果 (1)住房面积、社会保险、个人收入、对所在城市印象以及城市医疗影响两代流动人口生活满意度,但是在不同生活满意度分位数水平下,影响因素存在差异;(2)在低生活满意度水平下,务工年限、个人收入显著地影响老一代流动人口生活满意度,而住房面积、社会保险及对所在城市的印象显著地影响新老两代流动人口生活满意度;(3)在高生活满意度水平下,社会保险、对所在城市印象显著地影响老一代流动人口生活满意度,而务工年限显著地影响新一代流动人口生活满意度。结论 新一代流动人口的生活满意度高于老一代流动人口,在不同生活满意度分位数水平下,两代流动人口影响因素存在差异。因此,制定流动人口生活满意度政策需要考虑代际差异,还需要考虑不同分位数水平下的差异。  相似文献   

17.
目的 鸡蛋胆固醇与身体健康问题是人们关注的焦点,直接关系到人们的鸡蛋食用量。方法 文章基于消费者视角,根据实地调研数据,采用分位数回归方法实证分析了胆固醇认知对城镇居民鸡蛋食用量的影响。结果 (1)城镇居民基本上实现了每人每日食用一枚鸡蛋,与鸡蛋实际食用量相比,调研到的样本目前还未达到认为合理的食用量。超过2/3的样本认为食用鸡蛋会导致胆固醇摄入量增加,从而会影响人体健康。(2)经模型验证,胆固醇认知对城镇居民鸡蛋食用量具有显著的负向影响,说明城镇居民为了身体健康以及减少胆固醇摄入量,会有意减少鸡蛋食用量,而且城镇居民鸡蛋胆固醇的负面认知更容易促使其鸡蛋食用量控制在自认为合理的范围以内。结论 基于此,该文结合胆固醇认知等对城镇居民鸡蛋食用量具有显著影响的变量,提出了引导消费者科学购买及食用鸡蛋的对策建议。  相似文献   

18.
目的 探讨我国数字经济发展对农业碳排放的影响及作用机制,对我国制定切实可行的碳减排政策具有一定的参考价值和指导作用。方法 文章基于2011—2021年中国30个省(自治区、直辖市,不含港澳台和西藏)的面板数据,采用排放因子法和熵权法分别构建了我国农业碳排放和数字经济发展的指标衡量体系,并综合运用双固定效应模型、中介效应模型和空间杜宾模型等方法进行实证分析。结果 数字经济的推广可以显著减少农业碳排放,数字经济发展水平提高一个单位可使农业碳排放减少355.26万t;且优化能源结构和技术进步是数字经济抑制农业碳排放的重要作用机制;数字经济的发展对邻近地区的农业碳排放具有显著的负向溢出效应;在不同区域、不同碳排放水平地区以及针对不同的碳排放源,数字经济对农业碳排放的影响具有异质性。结论 数字作为一种新的生产要素,其在农业领域的广泛应用,可以有效推动我国农业的低碳高质量发展。  相似文献   

19.
Over the last twenty years, both crop production and agricultural payments have shifted toward larger operations. This study examines whether payments from federal farm programs contributed to increased concentration of cropland and farmland. Using zip code–level data constructed from the microfiles of the 1987–2002 agriculture censuses we examine the association between government payments per acre and subsequent growth in land concentration. A semiparametric generalized additive model (GAM) controls for location and historical concentration, sales per acre, and ratio of cropland area to zip code area. Findings indicate, both with and without nonparametric controls, government payments are strongly associated with subsequent concentration growth.  相似文献   

20.
目的 探究我国肉牛规模化养殖变动趋势及影响因素,为推动肉牛规模化养殖、提高牛肉生产能力以确保基本供给提供政策依据。方法 文章基于2007—2020年我国16个肉牛主产省面板数据,首先分析肉牛规模化养殖变动趋势及省际差异,然后采用面板分位数回归模型实证检验肉牛规模化养殖影响因素。结果 (1)我国肉牛规模化养殖水平东北地区相对较高,西南地区最低。(2)省域内饲草料生产能力、固定资产能力、机械化水平、城镇化率和工资性收入水平越高、牛肉消费潜力、政策扶持力度和环境规制强度越大,肉牛养殖规模化水平越高。(3)提高牧草生产能力对促进广西、贵州、云南和四川等西南地区的肉牛规模化养殖更为明显,提高饲料生产能力和牛肉市场消费潜力对促进辽宁、吉林和黑龙江等北方地区的肉牛规模化养殖更为明显。(4)小、中规模肉牛养殖受资源禀赋影响更大,中、大规模肉牛养殖受固定资产投入水平和政策扶持影响更大。结论 发展肉牛规模化养殖需充分考虑区域和规模的差异性,从稳固饲草基础保障、完善肉牛扶持政策和环境规制政策、加强人才队伍建设、提高养殖技术水平、优化养殖规模布局等方面着手,推动肉牛规模化养殖快速发展。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号