双重网络嵌入、双元学习与集群企业创新绩效——基于黑龙江生物科技集群企业的实证研究

以黑龙江省生物科技集群企业为例，立足于集群企业本地网络嵌入与跨区域超本地网络嵌入的现实基础，探讨其运用双元学习能力整合资源并将其转化为集群企业创新绩效的作用机制。研究表明：黑龙江省生物科技集群企业双重网络嵌入对其创新绩效均具有正向影响，且超本地网络嵌入影响更显著，并认为双元学习在不同路径上分别起到一定中介作用。研究结果表明黑龙江省生物科技集群企业提升创新绩效不仅要重视本地资源网络间的嵌入，更要重视跨区域网络间的嵌入，利用外部先进资源实现集群企业创新绩效的提升，带动区域经济发展。     

中小科技企业融资结构与绩效分析——以浙江省上市公司为例

融资与企业经营密切相关,更是中小企业获得生命的渠道,融资结构对企业绩效有着重要影响。科技型中小企业是技术创新的重要基地,在经济体中占据重要地位。本文以浙江省科技型中小上市企业为样本对这一问题进行研究,选取样本企业2011年~2013年的财务数据进行实证分析,并得出结论：债务性融资,包括资产负债率、银行借款融资率、商业信用融资率对企业绩效有显著的负面影响;而股权融资率、内部融资率则会对企业绩效产生显著的正面影响。最后对实证结果进行了讨论,并就我国科技型中小企业如何改善融资结构提出了政策建议。     

中小企业创新网络对技术创新的影响研究

中小企业在促进经济增长、扩大就业方面发挥着重要的作用,而中小企业创新网络的构建,有助于中小企业在网络中获得技术创新的资源,提高企业的创新绩效。为此,界定中小企业创新网络的概念；具体分析中小企业创新网络对企业技术创新的影响,从而建立中小企业创新网络对企业技术创新的影响模型。     

中小企业创新网络的构建研究

中小企业在促进经济增长、扩大就业方面发挥着重要的作用,而中小企业创新网络的构建,有助于中小企业在网络中获得技术创新的资源,提高企业的创新绩效.本文首先界定了中小企业创新网络的概念,探讨中小企业创新网络链接的生命周期,进而具体分析中小企业与网络节点联系的构建过程.     

企业网络能力结构对企业创新绩效的影响研究

以往我国网络能力方面文献的研究为数不多且都没有得到统一的研究结果,本文主要是从网络愿景、网络建设、关系管理和关系组合四个方面对企业网络能力进行了研究。研究表明:网络愿景、网络建设、关系管理和关系组合对企业创新绩效有显著影响。与此同时,直接影响企业创新绩效的主要原因是对企业网络能力结构的位置。     

高管网络能否缓解企业跨国并购面临的融资约束——来自中国的经验证据

文章将社会资本的视角引入跨国并购研究。利用A股上市公司在2004—2014年期间发起的跨国并购交易和高管网络数据,探讨了在中国的情境下,融资约束与跨国并购交易的关系,并从理论和实证上分析了以政治关联、金融关联和海外关联为代表的企业高管社会网络对企业在跨国并购中面临的融资约束的调节作用。研究发现:(1)我国上市企业的跨国并购能力受融资约束的阻碍和制约。这个影响在外部融资依赖度较高的行业企业中表现得更为显著。(2)企业高管的政治关联和海外关联对企业跨国并购能力的影响显著为正,但并不能缓解跨国并购中企业面临的融资约束问题。而金融关联则有助于缓解企业跨国并购的融资约束。本文的研究为理解非正式制度比如社会关系网络在企业国际化经营发展中的作用提供了新的直接证据。     

企业债务融资与企业绩效研究述评

国内针对债务融资及其结构与企业绩效的研究都是基于资本结构理论中的代理成本理论,但研究结果和相关理论并不吻合,表现在债务融资整体与绩效负相关,短期债务的绩效影响不如长期债务等方面,研究者从我国市场环境的角度给出了一定的解释意见.但进一步的研究应从企业组织行为理论、企业战略理论等角度出发,从企业战略发展的视角来审视债务融资和绩效的关系.     

企业网络中心性与技术创新绩效的实证研究--组织学习能力的中介作用

在对国内外文献的回顾和梳理的基础之上,构建了以组织学习能力作为中介变量的网络中心性对企业技术创新绩效影响的概念模型,通过借鉴Nevis等对组织学习的研究视角,从知识获取能力、知识共享能力、知识利用能力三个维度来测量组织学习能力,并根据246份江苏地区企业的问卷调查,对模型进行了验证。研究结果表明：（1）网络中心性对技术创新绩效的正向促进作用;（2）验证了组织学习能力的部分中介作用。其中组织学习能力中知识获取能力这一维度在网络中心性与技术创新绩效的关系中的中介作用大于知识共享能力和知识利用能力。     

论社会网络对企业管理的影响

文章从社会网络的概念出发,基于社会网络研究的基本理论及视角,从机会识别、绩效产出两个方面讨论了社会网络在企业管理研究中的影响和作用,得出良好的社会网络对企业管理及发展产生了一定的积极作用的结论,给企业相关个体带来了有利的影响,但也会造成资源获取不公平、产出低效等负面作用。作为一个传统的关系型社会,我国文化自古就重视社会网络的作用与影响。因此,企业更需正确认识社会网络影响的双面性,避免过度依赖,实现企业可持续发展。与此同时,需要进一步完善的政策、法规,对企业进行引导和规范,保障市场健康平稳运行。     

企业网络、双元领导与组织创新的关系研究——一个理论框架

通过对企业网络、双元领导(授权型领导/命令型领导)与组织创新的文献回顾,在总结分析已有研究成果的基础上,将企业网络划分为三个维度,即网络规模、网络连接程度、网络异质性,并以此为基点来探索企业网络、双元领导与组织创新之间的关系。构建了企业网络、双元领导与组织创新融合的理论模型,建立起一个比较全面的理论框架,对组织创新过程中企业网络所发挥的作用进行了较完整的分析,提出假设认为网络规模、网络连接强度、网络异质性对双元领导有正向作用,对组织创新也具有正向作用。同时,双元领导对组织创新具有正向作用,在企业网络对组织创新的影响中具有中介作用,为今后该领域的研究提供了一定的理论基础。     

供应链金融中网络连接对中小企业融资质量的影响研究

近年来,基于供应链网络开展的供应链金融成为中小企业解决融资难的有效途径。文章基于网络视角,构建了中小企业在供应链网络中的强连接与桥连接通过信息分享影响其融资质量的理论模型,通过对255个调研数据进行统计分析发现：中小企业在供应链网络中的强连接和桥连接均对其供应链融资质量具有正向影响;信息分享是中小企业供应链网络连接影响其融资质量的重要内在机制;环境竞争性对中小企业信息分享与其供应链融资质量之间的关系具有正向的调节作用。     

广州市发展供应链金融的思考

通过SWOT分析,广州市发展供应链金融有利于促进经济增长和产业的升级转型,也有利于解决中小企业的融资难的问题。对于在发展供应链金融时可能会遇到各银行之间的无序竞争与供应链金融的整体发展规划不符合,各参与主体对供应链金融理解不到位等问题,广州市应制定统一的供应链金融发展战略和发展规划,完善相关的法律、法规和政策细则,要防范和化解系统性金融风险,保障供应链金融各参与方的利益,打造中小企业的融资平台,并进行有效的风险管理。     

Small shop survival – The financial response to a global financial crisis

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), many of which are small retail shops, remain the largest employer in the western world. Yet the financing of their fixed and working capital investments remains under-researched. This study focuses on this topic by examining Eurozone wholesale and retail SMEs enterprises at the peak of the 2008 financial credit crisis. In order to do this, an innovative analysis of existing theories in retail finance and policy research using generalised multilevel structural equation modelling is performed to establish how retail SMEs sourced capital during this period. This analysis, a first of its kind in wholesale and retail SME research, finds that pecking order theory, the independence of investment and financing, as well as the contest for financial resources between fixed and working capital do not hold for wholesale and retail SMEs. Moreover, it is found that government grants and subsidised loans were not used by SMEs in this sector of the Eurozone as primary sources of finance during the aftermath of the 2008 global credit crisis. Crucially, it is posited that a business environment characterized by stronger legal rights and deeper credit information did not improve SMEs’ access to external finance. The authors recommend that further research should be pursued in this field in order to improve current understanding of the resilience of retail SMEs for future global financial crises.     

基于第三方电子交易平台的供应链金融服务创新——云仓及其运作模式初探

针对中小企业“融资难”现象,对比分析传统供应链金融与交易型电子商务平台的交易方式和融资模式,将传统供应链金融服务拓展到现货电子交易平台上,提出“云仓”——这一新型商业模式,该模式提供供应链一体化服务,既可线上交易担保和商机拓展,又可线下融资支持和仓储物流服务,同时具有现货连续交易的价格发现机制,能更有效地解决中小企业融资瓶颈,提高商品流通效率,降低融资风险。该文为供应链金融业务和现货电子交易市场持续健康发展提供理论支撑和行业指导。     

Learning Networks as an Aid to Developing Strategic Capability among Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: A Case Study from the Irish Polymer Industry

Strategic decision making within small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is a necessary element for business growth. SMEs must adapt and become more efficient and dynamic within current business paths and in finding new paths. Traditional philosophies are not focused on delivering new capabilities or developing new business paths. Learning networks are cooperative associations of partner firms that share knowledge, physical resources, and expertise to improve current performance and to advance new business paths. Ireland has emerged as a significant net contributor of plastics to the global medical device, telecommunications, and ophthalmic sectors. The role of the first polymer network as a catalyst for both new business development and increased technological enhancement is advanced in this study of Mould-Tech, an Irish polymer manufacturing firm. Adaptation of dynamic learning networks as expounded in this study present participant firms with new opportunities both to learn and earn—that is, to enhance and acquire new capabilities and to grow their businesses.     

Developing Absorptive Capacity through e‐Business: The Case of International SMEs

This research uses the absorptive capacity concept as a theoretical lens to study the effect of e‐business upon the internationalization performance of small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs), addressing the following research issue: To what extent are manufacturing SMEs successful in developing their potential and realized absorptive capacity in response to the environmental uncertainty brought about by their internationalization? Results of a survey study of 588 manufacturing SMEs indicate that e‐business capabilities have a significant impact on internationalization performance to the extent that these capabilities are developed as a response to increased environmental uncertainty. Moreover, these capabilities are realized through the development of networking, advanced manufacturing, and marketing capabilities that also respond to environmental uncertainty.     

Contextual ambidexterity in SMEs: the roles of internal and external rivalry

This article seeks to extend research on small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and ambidexterity by investigating contingency factors that influence the relationship between contextual ambidexterity and SME performance. Acknowledging the importance of internal knowledge flows in leveraging ambidexterity, it offers unique insights into how internal and external rivalry conditions influence performance outcomes related to an ambidextrous posture. Using a sample of Canadian-based SMEs, the study shows that the contextual ambidexterity–performance relationship is suppressed at higher levels of internal rivalry and amplified at higher levels of external rivalry. The findings suggest that developing an ambidextrous posture should not be an end by itself, and they point to the need for SMEs to understand how the features of their internal and external environments affect the performance consequences of such posture.     

International new venture performance: Role of international entrepreneurial culture,ambidextrous innovation,and dynamic marketing capabilities

International new ventures (INVs) contend with environmental dynamism in global markets, compelling firms to enhance their innovation and marketing capabilities. While the INV literature is growing, it is not informative as to how INVs develop and utilize dynamic capabilities to overcome resource-constraints to enhance performance. We utilize the concept of international entrepreneurship culture (IEC) to better understand how INVs advance innovation and dynamic marketing capabilities to succeed in their internationalization activities. Building on the dynamic capabilities view (DCV), we empirically examine the relationships among IEC, ambidextrous innovation, dynamic marketing capabilities, and INV performance under varying levels environmental dynamism. The findings highlight that IEC influences both ambidextrous innovation and dynamic marketing capabilities; and, together, these link to INV performance gains. Furthermore, this research finds support for the mediating effects of ambidextrous innovation and dynamic marketing capabilities in the IEC – INV performance relationship. Additionally, the results indicate an international entrepreneurial culture is of greater significance in developing ambidextrous innovation when environmental dynamism is present. The study context is a sample of 286 high-technology INVs from India, a large and dynamic emerging market.     

平衡计分卡在我国中小企业中的运用——以ML公司为例

当前,我国经济发展不断加速,信息科技发展较快,企业与企业之间的竞争日渐激烈。像过去那样,依赖竞价手段获得企业成功的案例已经难以见到。当前企业的竞争是综合能力的竞争,涉及诸如品牌、技术、人才、财务、规模、创新等各个方面。因而,过去的基于财务指标的绩效管理体系已经不适用于当前的大多数公司了。面对这样的实际变化,眼界开阔、资本雄厚的大型企业在绩效评价上已经做出了超前的改革。但目前无论在哪个国家,中小企业的数量抑或是对经济增长的推动都高于大型企业。因而,帮助中小企业适应如今的市场竞争模式,为其找到一个良好的绩效管理方式,帮助中小企业良性发展是当前经济发展的重中之重。而面对如此复杂的市场竞争环境,综合多个角度考量的平衡计分卡方法就是解决这一问题的最优解。但是一味地照搬照抄是不现实的,因而本文基于平衡计分卡的应用再结合我国中小企业的实际,分析了当前中小企业运用平衡计分卡的隐患,并提出相应的解决方法,希望为中小企业和平衡计分卡方法“牵线搭桥”。     

在互联网金融环境下对中小企业融资的研究

本文通过了解中小企业融资难的现状,分析了互联网金融的特点及优势,研究其适宜于解决中小企业融资的特征,指出了互联网金融可以作用于中小企业融资的地方。对这两个问题的结合进行了全面而深入的研究和探讨,给出了在互联网环境下解决中小企业融资难的相关对策,希望这个交叉领域做出贡献。