税收增长超GDP增长的相关因素分析

自1994年税收制度改革以来，税收收入实现了持续快速的增长，2005年全国税收收入突破3万亿元，十二年间，税收收入增加了6倍，而同期CDP总量增加了3．9倍。税收十二年间年平均增长率为18．25％，而同期CDP年平均增长率为8．27％（可比价格计算）。伴随着税收高速增长，税收超经济增长的原因成为热点话题，本文拟从CDP的核算口径、税收制度设计和税收管理理念的角度，对税收增长因素进行分析，指出在税收制度重复征税设计不变的情况下，税收增长将具有长期性。     

对我国税收收入结构分析及改革方向探讨

本文根据1994年分税制改革以来中国税收收入增长情况,分别对税收收入中的流转税、所得税和财产税从总量、增量、贡献度以及税种特征进行了分析,并结合税收收入增长的经济内涵进行了阐述。其中流转税对税收构成最为重要,所得税虽然占税收比重越来越大,但容易受经济波动而不稳定,增值税作为我国重要税种之一,而"营改增"则是推进结构性减税,实施税收改革一个重要措施。最后通过考查我国税收增长过程中税收体制存在的问题,结合我国实际提出了完善我国税收结构和构建科学税收制度的发展方向。     

河南省税收收入增长的影响因素分析

税收是中国财政收入的重要组成部分,税收既是维持国家有效运转的经济基础,又是国家调节经济的有效手段。税收收入增长的影响因素较为复杂,因此,可以分析这些因素对税收收入增长的具体影响,进而提出相应的政策建议,以促进河南省经济的全面健康发展。     

税收增长与经济增长关系的实证分析——以上海市为例

运用回归分析方法对税收增长与经济增长的关系进行实证分析,结果表明:税收增长处于合理增长范围;税收增长与经济增长关系基本协调;税收收入增长的强劲势头保持一段时期是没有问题的;税收收入必将进入与GDP增速协调发展的轨道。     

90年代中期以来中国税收增长与经济增长关系分析

20世纪90年代中期以来，中国宏观税负水平呈长期上升之势，中国税收收入高速增长，税收增速长期超过经济增长速度。虽然部分税种收入增长与其对应的经济税源的增长大体上保持同步，但整体来看，近十多年来中国税收收入增长速度过快，宏观税负水平过高，与国际上出现的税负水平下降趋势是相悖的。     

我国税收收入的多因素分析

税收是国家取得财政收入的一种重要工具，也是影响我国经济发展的一个很重要的因素。所以，可以通过对影响税收增长的主要因素进行分析，解释这些因素和税收收入之间存在的关系，以及其对税收收入的影响程度的大小；在此基础上，提出相应的发展对策，以促进我国税收收入的增长以及我国经济的全面发展。本文主要通过对影响我国税收收入的变量进行多因素分析，利用SPSS建立以税收收入为因变量Y，以其它可量化影响因素——国民收入X1、财政支出X2、商品零售价格指数X3，为自变量的多元线性回归模型，对影响我国税收收入的多种因素进行数量化分析。     

金华市区地方税收可持续增长的几点建议

本文分析了金华市当前地方税收状况,即税收收入总量、税收收入结构,分析了其地方税收形势,最后对地方税收保增长提出了几点建议。     

保持税收增长与经济增长的合适关系

广东税收收入连续17年居全国首位,税收收入占全国的七分之一,税收增长速度两倍于经济增长速度。这种税收的超高速增长预示着中国及广东经济的转折点来临,特别是全球金融危机的压力之下,广东的经济增长速度在今后一个时期要有所放慢,税收收入因而很难保持过去若干年那样的持续高速增长。其实,即使未来几年税收增长能够做到“高速”,也应当有意压下来。否则,国民经济的运行活力就要受到比较大的制约。毕竟,税收要服从于“保增长”这个大局。从这个意义上讲,     

我国税收增长的因素分析

自1994年进行税制改革以来,我国税收快速增长,影响税收增长的经济因素是多样的,主要有经济增长水平、国家财政支出、物价水平变动等因素。本文基于1995年到2007年中国税收收入的时间序列数据,通过实证分析表明,经济增长、财政支出以及价格水平对税收增长有着显著影响。     

税收努力、征税机构与税收增长之谜

本文运用省级面板数据研究了中国税收收入高速增长的影响因素,主要考察了经济基本面和征税努力水平对于税收收入的影响。我们利用成对样本(paired sampling)的数据结构,使用工具变量处理了税收努力度量误差带来的内生性问题,估计了国税和地税机构的征税努力对于税收增长的不同影响。这种模型设定的好处是既考虑到一个地区的国税和地税面对着同样的经济基本面,同时又可以识别两个机构征税努力的增收效应所存在的差异。我们发现,GDP增长对于税收的增长有接近45%的解释力,征管努力对税收收入也有重要的贡献,地税局税收努力水平的边际效应要高于国税局的边际效应。     

碳税征收对经济增长与产业结构影响的实证分析

征收碳税已成为众多国家推动低碳经济发展的重要经济措施之一。为了检验征收碳税对中国经济增长可能造成的影响,对征收碳税与经济增长的关系进行实证分析,得出以下结论:征收碳税对经济增长的影响存在显著的地域和行业差异,在较低强度的碳税政策下,碳税对中东部地区大部分省份的经济增长有促进作用,但阻碍中西部地区一些省份的经济增长;同时,征收碳税对大多数行业的发展起推动作用,却不利于少数行业的发展。     

税收增长与经济增长相关性的实证研究

近年来,我国税收出现了两位数的增长,这种超常增长使人们开始关注税收是否能超速于经济增长,以及税收超速增长是否会影响到经济的增长等问题。文章从实证出发,先从税收和经济总量上对这一问题进行了解答,进而对影响税收增长和经济增长的各自因素进行回归分析、做结构分解、进行系统的分析,以克服总量分析的不足,从而得出量化的、更有力的分析结论。     

Income inequality and economic growth

Despite the extensive existing literature on income inequality and economic growth, there remains considerable disagreement on the effect of inequality on economic growth. Existing literatures find either a positive or a negative relationship. In this paper, we attempt to theoretically examine that relationship with a stochastic optimal growth model. We make the disagreement clear within a single model. We conclude (i) that both are possible – that is, higher inequality can retard growth in the early stage of economic development, and can encourage growth in a near steady state, (ii) that income redistribution by high income tax does not always reduce income inequality. Income inequality can be reduced by higher income tax in a near steady state, but it cannot be reduced in the early stage of economic development, and (iii) that two government polices – rapid economic growth and low income inequality – can be achieved by low income tax in the early stage of economic development, but both cannot be achieved simultaneously in a near steady state.     

炫耀性消费、经济增长和最优税收政策

文章通过建立模型从理论上探讨了炫耀性消费对经济增长的影响。得出的结论是,炫耀性消费能加速经济增长,但它不是经济增长的引擎。若存在消费的外部效应则会引起经济行为的扭曲,因此,为达到整个社会福利的最优状态,政府可通过设定最优的税收政策引导私人部门来达到社会最优。对目前我国部分居民日益高涨的炫耀性消费行为,应采取有效措施来加以科学引导,充分发挥它的示范效应,以形成科学、健康、文明的消费方式。     

Growth effects of environmental policy when pollution affects health

In this paper, we develop a R&D-based growth model with a pollution externality and a health production sector. We study how health-impairing pollution affects long term growth, and the effect of an emissions' reduction policy (tax). We show that a tighter environmental tax has positive effects on growth via two channels. On the one hand, it improves workers' health and, thereby, productivity; on the other hand, it induces a reallocation of resources towards R&D and, thereby, higher research intensity. The size of the growth effect of a tighter environmental tax, and the level of the optimal environmental tax, are both positively correlated with the weight individuals place on health relative to consumption. As for welfare, a tighter environmental tax brings about utility gains in the long run and, potentially, also in the short run.     

中国区域经济增长与税收收入增长研究

全国、东部、中部、西部地区的税收些入与GDP的总量、增量,以及宏观税负与GDP增长率之间虽然总量上的相关性都很强,但是增量相关性却很弱,影响税收收入增量变化的其他因素占比较大的份额。中国东部经济增长率普遍快于中西部地区,但税收收入增长率却正好相反,中西部地区快于东部地区,地区经济增长与税收收入增长之间是非同步的,或者说是逆向变动的。这是由于中西部地区的产业结构不合理,所有制结构调整滞后等原因所造成的。     

Government financing in an endogenous growth model with financial market restrictions

Summary. In this paper, we develop an endogenous growth model with market regulations on explicitly modeled financial intermediaries to examine the effects of alternative government financing schemes on growth, inflation, and welfare. In the presence of binding regulation, there is always a unique equilibrium. We perform four alternative policy experiments; a change in the seigniorage tax rate, a change in the seigniorage tax base, a change in the income tax and a change in the fiscal-monetary policy mix. We find that in the presence of binding legal reserve requirements, a marginal increase in government spending need not result in a reduction in the rate of economic growth if it is financed with an increase in the seigniorage tax rate. Raising the seigniorage tax base by means of an increase in the reserve requirement retards growth and it has an ambiguous effect on inflation. An increase in income tax financed government spending also suppresses growth and raises inflation although not to the extent that the required seigniorage tax rate alternative would. Switching from seigniorage to income taxation as a source of government finance is growth reducing but deflationary. From a welfare perspective, the least distortionary way of financing an increase in the government spending requirements is by means of a marginal increase in the seigniorage tax rate. Under the specification of logarithmic preferences, the optimal tax structure is indeterminate. Received: March 20, 2000; revised version: June 26, 2001     

Growth effects of a revenue-neutral environmental tax reform

This paper analyzes tax-policy measures within a two-sector endogenously-growing economy with elastic labor supply. Pollution is either modeled as a side product of physical capital used as a production factor in the final-good sector or as a side product of production. The framework allows us to analyze the consequences of isolated tax changes or of a revenue-neutral environmental tax reform for economic growth. Although pollution does not directly affect production processes, it can be shown that a higher pollution tax as well as a revenue-neutral environmental tax reform boost economic growth, whereas a tax on capital, consumption, or labor reduces the long-term growth rate of the economy.     

Growth and Welfare Maximization in Models of Public Finance and Endogenous Growth

This paper evaluates the trade‐off between growth and welfare maximization from two perspectives. First, it synthesizes and extends endogenous growth models with public finance to compare the growth‐ and welfare‐maximizing tax rates. Second, it examines the distinct model outcomes in terms of the growth rates and welfare levels. This comparison highlights the range of trade‐offs: the growth‐maximizing tax rate can lie above, below, or on the welfare‐maximizing equivalent. We find however that even relatively large differences in growth‐ and welfare‐maximizing tax rates translate into relatively small differences in growth rates, and, in some cases, welfare levels.     

Fiscal policy,government debt,and economic growth in the Kaleckian model of growth and distribution

This article presents the Kaleckian model of growth and distribution that sets a budget deficit ratio as an indicator of fiscal policy and examines the short- and long-run effects of an increase in budget deficits and a rise in income tax rates on the economy. The key short-run outcomes are as follows. First, expanded budget deficits have a positive effect on the rate of capacity utilization. Second, the tax rate for wage income does not affect the rate of capacity utilization, whereas the tax rate for capital income has a favorable impact on it. This result implies that raising the tax rate for capital income can be an important policy instrument for stimulating the economy. Third, we find that the economy exhibits a wage-led aggregate demand in the short run. The main long-run results are as follows. First, the effect of expanded budget deficits on the growth rate is ambiguous, since a higher debt burden negatively influences the rate of capacity utilization and hence economic growth, despite the increase in demand caused by government borrowing. A higher budget deficit ratio thus raises the growth rate only if a certain condition is satisfied. Second, the tax rate for capital income has a positive impact on the growth rate. Third, the economy shows a wage-led growth in the long run.