An Interest Stabilisation Mechanism to Unburden the ECB

Intereconomics - Following the twin crises of sovereign debt and COVID-19, the ECB risks being stuck in a situation of fiscal dominance, in which monetary policy is subordinated to the needs of...     

高管薪酬、董事会治理与分类转移

本文研究了高管薪酬和董事会治理对分类转移的影响。研究表明,货币薪酬会诱使高管向上转移利得,股权激励和缺乏区分度的薪酬制度会诱使高管同时向下转移费用和向上转移利得;而勤勉、独立和两职分离的董事会能够在一定程度上识别并抑制这两种不同方式的分类转移;但董事会对分类转移的抑制程度小于高管薪酬对分类转移的诱发程度。进一步地,良好的市场、法制和媒体监督环境能够有效缓解高管薪酬对分类转移的诱发作用,而董事会能够有效弥补法制建设和媒体监督不足导致的分类转移治理缺陷,并在较高质量的审计环境下对分类转移发挥更强的抑制作用。本文首次结合制度背景和媒体监督研究了公司核心治理机制对不同分类转移方式的影响和原因,并创新性地对向上转移利得的程度进行了衡量,为监管部门及公司治理机制、会计准则的制定者提供经验证据。     

The ECB During the Financial Crisis. Not so Unconventional!

The European Central Bank's balance sheet has expanded notably, without banks granting more credit, and the overnight interest rate has stayed close to the deposit facility level for long periods of time since the onset of the financial crisis. This appears to go against the logic implicit in the post‐Keynesian Horizontalist approach to monetary macroeconomics, which links reserves to credit and holds that a central bank accommodates the demand for reserves in order to control the overnight interest rate. In this article, we analyze the monetary policy implemented by the ECB since the third quarter of 2008, with a view to studying its implications for monetary theory, concluding that this approach can still explain much of what has happened in the Euro Zone in the last troubled years, despite paradoxically, there being excess reserves and simultaneously accepting that reserves are demand led, and that the ECB has lent them at the official rate while the overnight interest rate has been close to the deposit facility rate. Further, this analysis reveals that mainstream monetary theory has not been very useful, because neither the link between reserves and loans nor the relation between reserves and inflation have worked. This leads us to believe that some transmission channels of the monetary policy implemented by the ECB since late 2014, which can be deemed unconventional, will not perform well.     

加强高校科研经费管理执行力的研究

当前,我国高校在科研经费管理方面存在的问题主要是,项目预算编制不够科学合理,实际支出与预算出入较大,科研经费支出绩效不够重视,项目结存结余经费管理不够严格,国有资产管理薄弱等。随着高校科研经费来源渠道的多元化、复杂化,加强科研经费的管理,适应国家科技改革的创新发展以及财政部、科技部等相关政策的要求就显得更为重要。高校财务管理者应创新财务管理理念,充分发挥财务管理职能;完善制度建设,建立健全科研经费管理规章制度;建立科学合理的科研经费绩效考核机制;加强财务管理的信息化建设,实现科研经费管理高效性;加强资产管理,减少科研资产的浪费和流失,从而提高高校科研经费管理的执行力。     

监事会特征对上市公司高管变更影响的实证研究

以我国上市公司发生高管变更的1368次案例为研究样本,用面板模型实证研究了监事会对企业高管变更机制的影响,发现监事持股与上市公司高管变更呈显著正相关,监事会规模与高管变更呈负相关关系,高管持股与高管变更具有显著负相关性.实证结果显示,小规模监事会在高管变更决议中更有效率,上市公司在对高管进行股权激励时,不能单纯关注激励的效果,也应考虑高管持股对高管约束作用的弱化.     

Key Issues for Monetary Policy: An ECB View

The European single currency, the euro, has become a visible and successful token of Europeans drive towards unification. It was born in an era in which high-speed structural change tests the validity of economic models and defies searches for standard policy recipes. Like all central banks, the European Central Bank (ECB) must deal with uncertainty that derives not only from the timely identification of important disturbances but also imperfect knowledge of how such disturbances affect the economy. These problems are compounded by the likelihood that important and poorly understood structural changes accompany cyclical forces. Unification of Europe has brought about significant structural change, which has been amplified by the recent enlargement of the European Union. Under these conditions, independence of the ECB, a mandate of price stability, and clear rules of fiscal governance have been essential for the credibility of the euro. Thus, the ECB has quantified its target of price stability in a mediumterm framework. Like the US Federal Reserve, the ECBs policy framework is comprehensive, and its decisions are transparent. Unlike the Fed, however, the ECB has an explicit, quantitative definition of price stability and performs a detailed and explicit crosscheck between its economic analysis and detailed monetary analysis. These differences notwithstanding, the similarities between the ECB and the Fed are more important.JEL Classification E58     

Persistence and Change at the Top of the IT Sector

We use the DATAMATION index of the top 50 domestic IT companies (1975–1995) to track persistence and change at the top of the sector. The trends that we uncover are increasing instability, rejuvenation (declining average age of entrants coupled with increasing average age of quitters), democratization (diminishing revenue inequality at the top) and growing supply‐side intertwining of sub‐sectors and industries within IT due to diversification by long‐term survivors.