Road transport productivity in the sixteenth‐century Low Countries: the case of Brabant, 1450–1650†

Though there is a consensus that transport plays a central role in economic development, for the period before the eighteenth century there is a lack of strategic information for assessing the importance of road transport productivity changes in economic development. Transport prices in particular are crucial missing pieces of the puzzle. Sources rarely reveal information that meets the standards of reliable price history. However, it is possible to create a reliable transport price series on the basis of the transport of millstones to ducal mills in Brabant. Assessing the impact of the ‘transport productivity changes’ that can be inferred from this transport price series is a hazardous exercise. Moreover, as Masschaele has observed, land transport prices closely match general agricultural price trends. Land transport was essentially an agricultural service, determined both by cost (especially horse provender) and income effects. Transport price inflation was not demand‐led. However, while transport did not impede urbanization and economic growth, conversely, in sixteenth‐century Brabant—a highly urbanized region that experienced considerable growth in the volume of land transport—no significant land transport productivity gains were achieved.     

Sugar market in Russia: Retrospective analysis and development trends

The article is devoted to analyzing the functioning of the sector under the conditions a decline in economic activities, the possibilities of the formation of service products on the market of transport services, problems of the cooperation of railways with seaports, and peculiarities of their operation in the range outbound directions of the network, as well as development prospects of the railway transport in the economic and geopolitical processes in the country and world.     

Priorities on the rail transportation market

The article discusses some aspects of the priority growth areas of Russian rail transport, as well as matters of management and financing in the area of cooperation between various participants in the transport services market under the new economic conditions. The consequences of Russia’s accession to the World Trade Organization for rail transport are evaluated. Particular attention is paid to the development of high-speed traffic, as well as the issues related to the infrastructure component of the industry and commercialization of transportation services.     

环渤海地区经济合作面临的机遇与挑战

环渤海地区地理位置优越,交通发达,资源丰富具有良好的经济发展基础,时逢经济一体化,经济合作面临良好机遇。但三大相互独立的经济板块及内部一体化尚未形成,港口间竞争大于协作,致使其经济合作面临挑战。因而,需要明确环渤海的整体功能定位,强化它们之间的分工与合作。     

The Contribution of Transportation Infrastructure Investment to Economic Growth - An Empirical Analysis Based on Panel Data

This paper uses panel data models to analyze the contribution to economic growth brought by investment in transport infrastructure in eastern, central and western areas of China. This paper gets the conclusion that the investment in transport infrastructure of central area has the biggest contribution to economic growth.     

交通运输业对区域经济活动的影响分析

交通运输业不仅是我国国民经济发展的基石,也是国民经济发展的先导。本文主要通过交通运输业在促进区域产业布局、区域城镇化建设、区域经济协调发展等三个主要方面来展开分析,并通过对交通运输业的聚集效应和扩散效应的分析来说明交通运输业和其他产业之间的作用机制,为区域经济发展提供一定的理论参考价值。     

长三角地区交通运输业发展机遇、挑战及对策研究

交通运输业是经济发展的基础产业,长三角地区作为我国重要的经济开发区,在经济发展过程中为其交通运输发展带来各种机遇,但同时其运输需求的规模性和多样性对整个产业带来较高挑战。本文在对长三角地区交通运输现状描述的基础上,分析了经济发展过程中存在的机遇和挑战,并提出相应的政策措施,以促进地区综合运输体系的可持续发展。     

Seamless sustainable transport connectivity in Asia and the Pacific: prospects and challenges

In view of the ongoing financial and economic crisis originated during 2008?C09 and the possibility of a double dip recession in advanced economies, export-dependent economies of Asia and the Pacific need to rebalance its growth toward domestic and regional demand for sustainable growth of Asia and the world. Despite remarkable growth during the last decade, the region still faces extensive basic infrastructure needs such as transport, energy, telecommunications and water. Asia, therefore, needs to enhance its connectivity through developing transport infrastructure at the national and regional level to rebalance its growth through enhancing intraregional trade, to enhance economic integration and to meet basic infrastructure needs. Transport plays a significant role in enhancing connectivity within and across Asian economies. However, building massive transport infrastructure will have profound implications on environment and climate change at the national, regional and global levels. In this evolving scenario, Asia needs to build efficient, safe, affordable, timely, world-class, socially and environmentally sustainable and seamless transport connections within the region, and with the rest of the world, in order to be competitive and prosperous. This paper analyzes the major challenges in developing sustainable transport connectivity, by fostering regional cooperation toward a seamless Asia. The paper examines the needs and benefits of transport connectivity and financing requirement for 2010?C2020. It examines the impact of transport connectivity on environment and the prospects and challenges for developing seamless sustainable transport connectivity. Finally, the paper provides policy recommendations on what the region can do to meet these challenges.     

湖北交通枢纽型乡镇经济发展模式研究

交通枢纽型乡镇是一个区域经济中心,也是该地区重要的交通节点。由于交通枢纽型乡镇经济是一般意义上乡镇经济更高层次的发展,因此研究交通枢纽型乡镇经济的发展模式,剖析其在发展过程中存在的问题,揭示其发展应具备的条件以利其更好地发展,是推动当今湖北省农村乡镇经济发展中需要认真探讨和研究的重要课题,具有深远的意义。     

Infrastructure implications of a green economy transition in the Western Cape Province of South Africa: A system dynamics modelling approach

In order to meet future goals in reducing the resulting carbon emissions from transport networks, vast investment in the development of a more energy-efficient and sustainable infrastructure is required. This study investigates the infrastructure implications of a green economy transition in the Western Cape Province of South Africa with a particular focus on the transport sector. Utilising a system dynamics modelling approach, the research effort aimed to improve understanding of how technical, economic, political, social, and environmental factors interact, particularly in the context of the uncertainties encountered during this transition. The key findings of the research indicate that investment in a better public transport system, as well as shifting the movement of freight onto the rail network, would deliver long-term positive effects, including a possible carbon emission reduction of up to 17.89%.     

Transport and transport infrastructure in 2030: Some predictive estimates

The article analyzes questions related to the development of Russia’s transport and transport infrastructure until 2030. Estimations and figures are considered within the context of the development of economic branches delivering bulk cargos for shipment.     

Game ranching inter-sectoral linkages: A structural path analysis for South Africa

Unfamiliarity with the economic structure of the game ranching sector is regarded as one of the reasons why questions are raised with regard to the potential economic impact of continued growth in the sector. This study employs structural path analysis to provide a better understanding and subsequently improves the ability to conceptualise the potential economic impact of the sector. Amongst others, results revealed strong economic links between the community, social and personal, chemicals and chemical products, manufacturing and equipment, transport equipment, business services sector, and so forth, either directly or indirectly, and the game ranching sector. The same accounts for income distribution, with households receiving income from production activities in other sectors that are directly or indirectly generated by stimulus within the game ranching sector. Finally, results underline the fact that game ranching has the potential for making a meaningful contribution towards economic and socioeconomic challenges in South Africa.     

四川省物流发展与经济增长关系对比分析研究

以四川省2000-2015年的统计数据为依据，采用普通最小二乘法回归进行建模后检验，再利用岭回归进行模型修正，建立了关于货运周转量与经济解释变量间的关系模型，定量地分析了影响四川物流发展的经济因素的具体边际水平，并以上海市以及全国的数据进行对比分析，给出具体的发展建议，从而对四川省经济和物流的未来发展提供决策参考。     

西江经济带贵港区域发展的战略构想

西江经济带建设既为贵港经济发展带来了良机,又对其提出了新的要求。贵港应依托港口、交通、产业和旅游资源等优势及西江经济带建设的要求明确其经济发展定位。文章认为,贵港经济的振兴既要发挥自身优势特别是港口优势,更要打破区域发展限制,整合资源,参与更为深层次的经济合作,同时实施教育优先、以港立市、工业主导、开放带动和循环发展等多重战略。     

论城市物流体系建设

物流对城市经济的发展具有巨大的拉动作用,尤其是对于地处交通枢纽的城市,物流的迅速发展极大提高了城市在区域的物流中心和经济中心地位。城市物流体系的完善程度影响物流业的健康发展,城市物流中心所辐射的经济区域属于法国经济学家布德维尔(Boudeville)提出的极化区域。本文在介绍城市物流相关概念的基础上,阐述城市物流体系的构成、建设与运作问题。     

我国高速铁路和高速公路经济协调发展理论研究

随着社会的发展与进步,交通需求量与日俱增。我国加大了对高速铁路和高速公路的投资建设来满足交通需求,提高旅客出行服务质量。本文分析了高速铁路和高速公路的主要特点、优劣势及其发展现状,根据经济协调的原则,主要从运营管理和路网规划两个方面提出了如何实现高速铁路和高速公路经济协调发展的措施,为高速铁路和高速公路的经济协调建设和发展提供了参考。     

The Short‐Term Economic Impact of Levying E‐Tolls on Industries

TERM is used to analyse the short‐term regional economic impact of an increase in industries' transport costs when paying E‐Tolls. Market‐clearing and accounting equations allow regional economies to be represented as an integrated framework, labour adjusts to accommodate increasing transportation costs, and investments change to accommodate capital that is fixed. 1 1 TERM is a bottom‐up CGE model designed for highly disaggregated regional data. The Enormous Regional Model's originate from Horridge et al. ( 2005 ) and are better explained in Horridge ( 2011 ).
We concluded that costs from levying E‐Tolls on industries are small in comparison to total transport costs, and the impact on economic aggregates and most industries are marginal: investments (?0.404%), gross domestic product (GDP) (?0.01) and consumer price inflation (?0.10%). This is true even when considering costs and benefits on industries as well as consumers. Industries that experienced the greatest decline in output were transport, construction and gold. Provinces that are closer to Gauteng and have a greater share of severely impacted industries experienced larger GDP and real income reductions. Mpumalanga's decrease in GDP was 17% greater than Gauteng's.     

复合联运物流运输网络建模与路径优化

在全球经济一体化背景下,物流行业成为不可或缺的经济支柱之一,在经济中的作用不断显现,复合联运逐渐成为物流行业的重要运输方式。以空铁海复合联运作为研究对象,构建不同的搜索空间,确定边界条件并分析货运影响参数,包括时间、成本、距离。以遗传算法为原则,求解建立空铁海复合联运模型并进行路径优化。确定3组节点组,每组都包含普通货物、特殊货物、航线拥堵3种情况,分别优化成本、时间、距离,为复合联运业务提供路径选择依据。通过分析,在规定的搜索空间内分别选出了最优时间路线、最优成本路线、最优距离路线。期望可以在物流运输过程中实现降本增效、减少风险、提高行业竞争力的目的。     

苏州建设低碳城市的路径研究

苏州市作为长三角经济发达城市,在经济发展的同时,经济发展与资源环境的矛盾日趋尖锐.本文在分析苏州建设低碳城市所具有的优势和面临的障碍的基础上,提出了从能源、产业结构、低碳建筑和交通、排污权交易制度五个方面建设低碳城市的对策.     

浅谈城市公交系统广告的现状与发展——以武汉市公交系统广告为例

随着我国经济的快速发展和人口数量的不断增长，作为大众出行的主要交通工具一城市公交系统得至Ⅱ了蓬勃发展，同时也给公交系统的兄弟产业一公交广告带来了无限商机。本文以具体城市一武汉为切入点，展开对当前城市公交广告的调查分析，提出公交系统广告今后的发展趋势。