Consistency and identifiability

The paper explores by elementary methods the relation between the concepts of consistency and identifiability. It is shown quite simply that consistency implies identifiability but that the converse is not necessarily true.     

城市空间生产批判——新马克思主义空间研究范式述评

20世纪60年代后,在西方发达国家出现了基于新马克思主义思想的空间研究热潮.这一研究最重要的特点是将马克恶学说引入空间研究领域并发展成为一种新的研究范式.从其空间批判的基本立场、历史唯物主义的主要视角、城市与城市化的核心内容、超学科的学术特征四个方面对其进行了述评.     

Scoring rules over subsets of alternatives: Consistency and paradoxes

We know since the works of Gehrlein and Fishburn (1980, 1981), Fishburn (1981) and Saari (1987, 1988, 1990) that, the collective rankings of scoring rules are not stable when some alternatives are dropped from the set of alternatives. However, in the literature, attention has been mainly devoted to the relationship between pairwise majority vote and scoring rules rankings. In this paper, we focus on the relationships between four-candidate and three-candidate rankings. More precisely, given a collective ranking over a set of four candidates, we determine under the impartial culture condition, the probability of each of the six possible rankings to occur when one candidate is dropped. As a consequence, we derive from our computations, the likelihood of two paradoxes of committee elections, the Leaving Member Paradox (Staring, 1986) and the Prior Successor Paradox which occur when an elected candidate steps down from a two-member committee.     

Editorial introduction: HRM and performance: confronting theory and reality

This editorial introduction has twin purposes. The first is to make a wide audience aware of the new Dutch HRM Network. The second is to introduce a set of papers which make a contribution to the connections between HR policies/strategies and organizational performance. These purposes are linked by the fact that the papers come from the inaugural conference of the Network that was held in the Rotterdam School of Economics at Erasmus University at the end of 1999.     

Sustainable supply chains: An introduction

Consideration is given to the convergence of supply chains and sustainability. In doing so, the focus on environmental management and operations is moved from local optimization of environmental factors to consideration of the entire supply chain during the production, consumption, customer service and post-disposal disposition of products. This is a critical and timely topic that captures increasing concerns over sustainability, whether driven by current legislation, public interest, or competitive opportunity. As such, sustainable development is a rich area for academic research that is still in its infancy and has the potential to affect future government policy, current production operations, and identify new business models. This paper provides a background to better understand current trends in this multidisciplinary field that intersect with operations management, and the research opportunities and challenges it presents.     

Coalitional games with veto players: Consistency, monotonicity and Nash outcomes

Following Dagan et al. [Dagan, N., Volij, O., Serrano, R. (1997). A non-cooperative view on consistent bankruptcy rules, Games Econ. Behav. 18, 55–72], we construct an extensive form game for veto-balanced TU games in which a veto player is the proposer and the other players are responders. The set of Nash outcomes of this extensive form game is described, and compared to solutions of TU games such as the nucleolus, kernel and egalitarian core. We find necessary and sufficient conditions under which the nucleolus of the game is a Nash outcome.     

内需的扩张性与扩大内需政策:一个分析性框架

宏观政策不是外来的 ,它是现存经济状态最综合的反映 ,也是所有经济矛盾的集中表现。如果总需求不具有内在的扩张性 ,很难想像 ,宏观政策能够达到它应有的效果。宏观政策的扩张性 ,源于现有经济状态内在的扩张性 ,不只是宏观政策本身所具有的特性。同样 ,宏观政策的收缩性 ,反映的也是现存经济状态内在的收缩性 ,是过度膨胀之后的必然反应。宏观政策属于上层建筑 ,它必须切实反映经济基础的性质、特点和要求 ,否则便难以成功。把握住宏观政策这种实质 ,就能够将政策提高到政治的高度 ,更好地制定政策 ,更准确地执行政策。宏观经济表现出了需求导向型的扩张性特征 ,正是需求因素而不是供求因素起着主导作用 ,然而 ,它仍然是基于供给方面成长性的内在要求。因此 ,政策的着眼点和着力点仍然不能脱离构成这种成长性要求的经济基础。