公路工程造价管理绩效评价研究

针对我国公路工程造价管理存在的问题,首次提出引入公路工程造价管理绩效评价来加强公路工程造价管理与控制,并对公路工程造价管理绩效评价的内涵、特点以及公路工程造价管理绩效评价体系的构建进行了研究,旨在提高我国公路工程项目的监管水平。     

论公路工程造价管理

文章介绍了公路工程造价的管理现状,对传统公路工程造价管理体制进行了分析,从管理体制、管理制度及造价管理信息化3个方面阐述了公路工程造价管理改革战略.     

论公路工程造价管理

文章介绍了公路工程造价的管理现状,对传统公路工程造价管理体制进行了分析,从管理体制、管理制度及造价管理信息化3个方面阐述了公路工程造价管理改革战略。     

公路工程造价控制

如何在市场经济条件下合理地确定公路工程造价,并有效地控制和科学地管理造价已成为当务之急。公路工程建设管理的重要组成部分之一是公路工程造价的有效控制,公路工程造价控制贯穿于公路建设全过程。本文介绍了公路工程的造价控制。     

工程预算在公路工程造价控制中的运用

通过对公路工程造价预算编制有关内容的介绍和分析，阐述了公路工程预算编制工作的功能以及其目前存在的一些问题，有针对性地探讨了公路工程造价预算编制工作中的一些解决对策，结合实践工作经验，从加强组织领导、完善管理办法及建立有效的考核机制等方面入手，就如何做好公路工程造价预算编制工作提出几点建议。通过实例验证公路工程造价控制的有效性和可行性，供相关工作人员参考借鉴。     

浅谈公路工程造价控制

在市场经济条件下,如何合理地确定造价,有效地控制造价和科学地管理造价已成为当务之急。公路工程造价的有效控制是公路工程建设管理的重要组成部分,公路工程造价控制贯穿于公路建设全过程。重点介绍了公路工程各个阶段如何控制工程造价。     

浅谈公路工程造价控制

在市场经济条件下,如何合理地确定造价,有效地控制造价和科学地管理造价已成为当务之急。公路工程造价的有效控制是公路工程建设管理的重要组成部分,公路工程造价控制贯穿于公路建设全过程。重点介绍了公路工程各个阶段如何控制工程造价。     

公路工程造价管理中的问题及对策

随着社会的不断发展，公路工程造价问题也引起了相关部门的重视，目前，我国的公路工程造价管理还存在着很多问题，本文着重分析了这些问题，还对公路工程造价的管理对策进行了探究。希望通过这些研究可以解决当前公路工程造价管理中存在的问题，并且为改善我国的公路工程管理献计献策。     

基于PPP模式的公路工程造价控制与管理策略探讨

PPP模式公路工程使政府部门和社会企业之间建立了良好的合作关系,可以起到缓解财政压力、降低投资风险的作用.但是仍然存在着一定的造价管理和控制问题,影响了公路工程的具体效益.基于此,本文对PPP模式的概念进行了分析,并提出了在PPP模式下公路工程造价控制与管理存在的问题,在问题基础上提出了合适的解决措施,以期可以为公路工程造价控制提供有效参考.     

加强公路工程造价的管理分析

公路工程造价达到合理而有效地控制和管理十分重要。简要分析公路工程造价管理工作中存在的主要问题,并提出了对公路工程造价进行行之有效的控制和管理的措施。     

Justice in the workplace: the centrality of social versus judgmental predictors of performance varies by gender

Men and women are said to perceive justice differently, with women proposed to be more concerned with relational issues and men focused more on material issues. In this study, the potential for differential effects of justice on performance by gender was analyzed across the four contemporary types of justice. Respondents were 265 male and 113 female occupationally diverse employees in a single organization. The results show significant differences in how men and women respond to the four justice types with only one – informational justice – acting similarly by gender. The differential relationships between each of the justice types and the outcomes by gender highlight the utility of the four factor approach to measuring organizational justice. Women were more interested in maintaining social harmony than men. The results appear to strongly support the use of the justice judgment model over the group-value model as a means of explaining the gender differences. Implications for management include the importance of informational justice both generally and within the performance appraisal process.     

Externalities do not necessarily require larger message spaces for realizing pareto-efficient allocations

Classes of economies with consumption externalities and decisive, nonwasteful, and informationally decentralized allocation mechanisms on classes including these classes of economies are constructed. The informational size of the message spaces is shown to be minimal among the message spaces used by any allocation mechanisms with the same properties on the same class of economies. The message spaces are shown to be as large as n(l- 1)n(\ell - 1) -dimensional Euclidean space, where n is the number of economic agents and l\ell is the number of commodities. The presence of consumption externalities does not necessarily require larger message spaces for realizing Pareto-efficiency.     

The Impact of Managers’ Participation in Costing System Design on Their Perceived Contributions to Process Improvement

The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of managers’ participation in costing system design on their perceived contributions to process improvement. Drawing on the literature on business process management, participative decision-making and self-determination theory, we propose that participation in costing system design fosters managers’ perceived contributions to process improvement through their autonomous motivation for cost management and their perceived usefulness of cost information. Questionnaire data obtained from 170 Belgian managers were used to test the proposed model. The results suggest that participation in costing system design increases managers’ autonomous motivation for cost management and enhances their perceived usefulness of cost information. Managers’ perceived usefulness of cost information is, in turn, positively associated with their perceived contributions to process improvement. The effect of managers’ autonomous motivation for cost management on their perceived contributions to process improvement is, however, not significant. Taken together, our findings imply that contributions to process improvement mainly emerge through informational mechanisms rather than motivational mechanisms triggered by the participation process.     

基于物流决策三角形的城市配送体系优化研究

借用物流决策三角形理论对目前我国城市配送水平低下、效率不高、信息化程度低、配送成本居高不下、配送车辆进城难等城市配送的系统性问题进行了详尽的分析和研究,并提出了优化我国城市配送业务的对策。     

Merchants of doubt: Corporate political action when NGO credibility is uncertain

The literature on special interest groups emphasizes two main influence channels: campaign contributions and informational lobbying. We introduce a third channel: providing information about the credibility of political rivals. In particular, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) often aim to communicate scientific knowledge to policymakers, but industry‐backed groups often attempt to undermine their credibility. We extend a standard signaling model of interest‐group lobbying to include fixed costs of policymaker action and show that these costs make possible two mechanisms for creating doubt about the value of policy action. The first uses Bayesian persuasion to suggest the NGO may be a noncredible radical. The second involves creating an opposition think tank (TT) that acts as a possible radical, not a credible moderate. We show that the TT cannot always implement the Bayesian persuasion benchmark, and we characterize how optimal TT design varies with exogenous parameters.     

Strategic managerial incentives under adverse selection

We extend the strategic contract model where the owner designs incentive schemes for her manager before the latter takes output decisions. Firstly, we introduce private knowledge regarding costs within each owner–manager pair. Under adverse selection, we show that delegation involves a trade‐off between strategic commitment and the cost of an extra informational rent linked to decentralization. Which policies will arise in equilibrium? We introduce in the game an initial stage where owners can simultaneously choose between control and delegation. We show that if decision variables are strategic substitutes, choosing output control through a quantity‐lump sum transfer contract is a dominating strategy. If decision variables are strategic complements, this policy is a dominated strategy. Further, two types of dominant‐strategies equilibrium may arise: in the first type, both principals use delegation; in the second one, both principals implement delegation for a low‐cost manager and output control for a high‐cost one. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

首钢实施ERP内控体系的状态分析

首钢近年来采用信息化手段进行内部控制,构建了ERP环境下的企业内部控制体系,通过重组企业业务流程,消除重复作业,优化组织结构,显著地提高了企业控制效率,取得了良好的效果。与此同时,ERP系统的实施,也给企业内部控制带来一些新情况和新问题,需要在新的运行环境下加强漏洞防范,完善控制体系。     

The SCOR model for the alignment of business processes and information systems

The alignment of business processes and information systems is a critical factor for both business process management (BPM) and enterprise resource planning (ERP) system efficiency. Analysing existing approaches of alignment shows the need for an independent reference model to support the mapping between organisational and informational views. The SCOR model represents a strong management tool to evaluate, control, measure and improve existing supply chain process structures, based on a business process view of supply chain highlighting the functional requirements of best practices identified. We have critically analysed the contribution of the current SCOR model to the alignment of business processes and information systems. As the alignment is currently only based on the functional realisation of best practices, we show that this alignment risks neglecting important process dependencies. An extended reference model is then proposed, including the structuring of information exchanged between processes. That results in a more complete process map highlighting all physical and informational dependencies, in a multi-view of ‘business process mapping’ including the informational dimension, and thus a more precise alignment of ERP systems with processes.     

Consulting experts with vested interests: The power of benchmarking

A decisionmaker gets independent advice from two experts, who can be of two different types. Experts are risk-neutral and prefer certain policies irrespective of the state of nature, so to induce information-sharing the decisionmaker must reward truthful experts. I show that, in this environment, a heterogeneous committee has no informational advantage over a single expert: a decision rule that encourages one expert to be honest immediately makes honesty less attractive for the other. With a homogenous committee, the higher is the correlation between the experts’ signals, the more the decisionmaker is willing to pay to secure independent advice.Received: April 2004, Accepted: Accepted: January 2005, JEL Classification: D71, D82Lars Frisell: I thank David Austen-Smith, Tim Feddersen, Johan Lagerlöf, Jan Potters, Ken Shotts, Jonas Vlachos, Jörgen W. Weibull, an anonymous referee, and especially Karl Wärneryd for helpful comments. Financial support from the Jan Wallander and Tom Hedelius Foundation and the Sweden-America Foundation is gratefully acknowledged.     

Toward Sustainable Livelihoods: Investigating the Drivers of Purchase Behavior for Green Products

Green consumption involves comprehensive concerns that address the broad scope of sustainability, ecosystem balance, profit‐generation and people. Identifying the factors that influence consumers' purchase behavior enables manufacturers to understand consumers' decision‐making processes and can help them develop more environmentally beneficial products. However, scholars have recently found that a gap exists between environmental concern and consumers' actual purchase behavior. The purpose of this paper is to use cognitive behavior theory to investigate the drivers of green consumption behavior and the missing link in the concern–behavior gap. After collecting 375 valid questionnaires, this study validated the proposed conceptual model using structural equation modeling. The revised model indicates that environmental involvement, informational utility, green advertising skepticism and green trust are antecedent variables of consumer attitudes toward green products. Additionally, this study also provides a possible explanation of and remedies for the concern–behavior gap. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment