加强管输原油计量交接管理 有效控制原油入厂损失

本文对原油计量交接过程中影响计量交接精度的主要因素进行了分析,并提出控制计量误差的对策,通过提高原油计量交接精度,可以有效控制原油入厂损失。     

加强管输原油计量交接管理 有效控制原油入厂损失

本文对原油计量交接过程中影响计量交接精度的主要因素进行了分析,并提出控制计量误差的对策,通过提高原油计量交接精度,可以有效控制原油八厂损失。     

加强管输原油计量交接管理 有效控制原油入厂损失

本文对原油计量交接过程中影响计量交接精度的主要因素进行了分析,并提出控制计量误差的对策,通过提高原油计量交接精度,可以有效控制原油入厂损失.     

加强管输原油计量交接管理有效控制原油入厂损失

本文对原油计量交接过程中影响计量交接精度的主要因素进行了分析,并提出控制计量误差的对策,通过提高原油计量交接精度,可以有效控制原油入厂损失.     

分离器投加消泡剂改善运行及降低原油计量误差

东辛采油二矿采油23队采出的原油属于重质原油,且胶质、沥青质含量较高,溶解气含量比较高,产生泡沫效应,导致辛二站内对应的三相分离器的液面很难控制,容易出现分离器的油路串气或气路带油,而且由于原油中的泡沫比较难消除造成了原油质量流量计计量误差增大(原油计量误差可达30％-50％).为了减少泡沫原油对分离器运行和原油计量的影响,辛二站采用三相分离器进口处投加消泡剂的方法,实现了分离器的平稳运行和原油准确计量的目的.     

数字化计量技术在现场的应用

针对原油人工交接计量存在的问题,研究设计了一套适合采油厂内部原油动态交接自动化计量系统,优选了仪表,开发设计了计算软件,实施后提高了计量精度、消除了安全隐患、减少计量工47名。     

稠油高含水期井口产量计量误差研究

单井原油产量由单井液量计量值和单井原油含水化验值计算得出，单井液量计量不准或单井原油含水化验不准，都会导致井口产量计量误差增大。针对稠油井出砂沉积，使分离器体积缩小，导致玻璃管量油不准，现场通过分离器冲砂，可以有效降低产液计量误差：针对取样不准，导致原油含水化验结果较实际值偏高，通过按标准预制和安装新取样考克，可以有效地降低原油含水化验误差。     

基于计量交接质量优化的输油温度管控

在原油动态计量中,温度是一个非常重要的计量参数,不仅直接影响原油标准体积计算,在流量计检定工作中也起着不可忽视的作用.无论是原油标准体积还是流量计检定工作最终都会影响纯油量结算,进而影响到原油交接双方的经济利益.采油一厂的原油外输总出口---任药线交接点设在华北石化公司,年输油量204万吨, 通过合理管控任药线末点温度,提高交接计量质量,取得了较好的经济效益和社会效益.     

流量计及其油田检定发展的研究

在我国油田的建设当中,流量计量是一项非常重要的标。在大庆油田,原油流量计的计量作为油田的定盘星起着不可或缺作用。     

油田计量站外输计量误差与应对措施研究

石油产品的性质较为特殊性,在进行外输时需要进行计量,计量的质量直接关系到石油企业的经济效益及社会效益,但是由于各种因素的影响,包括温度、压力、密度、计量工具、人员操作技能等,计量结果会与实际情况产生一定的误差,需要实施一系列的控制措施,保障计量质量,提高企业的经济效益。本文简单介绍了影响计量质量的各项因素,如原油密度因素、流量计因素、原油含水量因素、温度因素及其他因素,并针对上述因素提出了几点控制措施,包括严格操作、定期检定计量器具、完善监督制度、强化人员培训等,为从事油田计量的人员提供一定的参考与借鉴。     

Can crude oil drive the co-movement in the international stock market? Evidence from partial wavelet coherence analysis

In this paper, we employ partial- and multiple-wavelet coherence analyses to examine co-movement between international stock markets by considering the influence of crude oil in a time domain perspective. Overall, we find that crude oil is a major factor driving co-movement between international stock markets in the median and long term. However, when considering the oil-importing and oil-exporting countries differently, we still find that crude oil is a driver for interdependence between oil-importing and oil-exporting countries. In contrast, the crude oil has relative lower impact on the co-movement in oil-importing or in oil-exporting countries, which indicates its co-movement is caused by other factors. In addition, Gulf Cooperation Council stock market may lead the stock markets of oil-importing countries in the long term. Our empirical results provide meaningful information for investors and policymakers.     

基于动态规划的原油进口采购价格研究

随着我国经济的快速发展,国内生产的石油已不能满足经济发展的需要,进口原油量逐年增加,国际油价也一路高升,且我国原油进口方式不合理,存在一定的"买涨不买跌"现象。本文利用动态规划模型,根据实时价格数据确定采购价格,通过对采购价格选择的优化,节约进口采购成本。实证研究结果表明,本文方法具有一定优越性。     

浅论新时期国内石油供需形势与发展战略

迅速增长的石油消费需求和国内原油产量的有限,使中国原油供应很大一部分要依靠进口,要想进一步确保中国能源供给尤其是石油安全,通常有三种发展战略可供选择:一是合理并有效利用国际石油资源,继续依赖进口的同时,到国外参与油田开发;二是加紧国内现有主力油田的二次和三次开发,利用现代各种石油开采技术,深层挖掘石油资源;三是加强国内小油田的开发,以缓解主力油田承受的巨大的产能压力。     

Time-frequency effect of crude oil and exchange rates on stock markets in BRICS countries: Evidence from wavelet quantile regression analysis

This study examines the effects of oil prices and exchange rates on stock market returns in BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, China, India and South Africa) from a time–frequency perspective over the period 2009–2020. We use wavelet decomposition series to develop a threshold rolling window quantile regression to detect time–frequency effects at various scales. The empirical results are as follows. First, our findings confirm that the effects of both crude oil prices and exchange rates on BRICS stock returns are asymmetric. Positive shocks of crude oil have a greater impact on a bull market, whereas negative shocks have a greater impact on a bear market. Second, there is a short-term enhancement effect of crude oil and exchange rate on BRICS stock markets. In addition, volatility in the macro financial environment also exacerbates the impacts of oil prices and exchange rates on the stock market, and these fluctuations are heterogeneous. Overall, these findings provide useful insights for international investors and policy makers.     

基于分形理论的原油期货高频交易风险测度研究

为了捕捉原油期货高频波动规律,采用WTI原油期货五分钟数据,基于分形理论分别构建GED分布和Skew-t分布的FIGARCH、FIAPARCH和HYGARCH模型,分析其波动特征并对风险进行测度。结果显示：三种模型均较好地刻画出WTI原油期货波动的长记忆特征;基于Skew-t分布的HYGARCH模型在度量原油期货高频交易风险时尤为精确;多头与空头头寸的VaR呈现非对称性;套期保值者或高频交易者可依据模型预测波动率,防止短期波动率过大导致保证金不足而被强制平仓。高频交易在提高市场流动性和拓宽市场深度方面具有一定的作用,因此,在风险可控的条件下,政府应该鼓励高频交易,促进我国衍生品市场繁荣发展,并增强衍生品市场稳定性和国际竞争力。     

基于主成份回归的国际原油价格分析与预测

基于国际石油市场的复杂性,文章考虑了影响原油价格的多方面因素,采用主成份分析的方法,从影响油价的众多因素中提取出能够反映原始变量的足够多信息的几个主成份,然后利用主成份对油价进行回归建立油价预测模型。并且对WT(I西德克萨斯轻质)原油月度价格进行了实证分析,说明了此方法的可行性及有效性。     

The asymmetric effect of crude oil prices on stock prices in major international financial markets

The aim of this paper is to explore the potential asymmetric impacts of positive and negative shocks in crude oil prices on stock prices in six major international financial markets which include China, Hong Kong, America, Japan, Britain, and Germany. We test for these asymmetric effects on 8 major international financial markets indices over the 2007M01–2020M03 periods. Our independent measures include the prices of Brent crude oil futures and West Texas Intermediate (WTI) futures. We use the nonlinear ARDL (NARDL) model proposed by Shin et al. (2014), which can capture both short- and long-run nonlinearities through positive and negative partial sum decompositions of the explanatory variables. This research finds that positive and negative fluctuations of oil price have asymmetric effects on stock price index in four financial markets, but the performance of the asymmetry is different. Specifically, the impacts of volatility in oil prices on two indices of Chinese stock prices are different, and the asymmetric effects of oil price volatility on stock price indices in China and other financial markets are significantly different.     

国际石油价格对新疆石油工业影响的实证分析——基于VEC模型

为了研究国际油价波动对新疆石油工业的影响,本文利用2007年1月-2009年12月布伦特国际原油价格和新疆石油产业的增加值、利润、税金总额、职工平均人数各变量数据,运用ADF单位根检验对变量进行平稳性检验,得出增加值和税金总额是平稳序列,其他指标均为一阶差分平稳,说明国际石油价格与增加值和税金总额之间不存在长期均衡关系。运用VEC模型和脉冲响应函数对国际油价与利润和职工平均人数进行分析:其一,在样本期间,国际油价上涨对利润有较大的积极影响,且国际石油价格的滞后两期对利润的影响显著。其二,就长期而言,国际油价上涨对平均就业人数具有较大的负面影响;就短期而言,国际石油价格上涨对职工平均人数具有正向拉动作用,且在滞后2个月影响最大。     

粮食油计量罐贸易交接若干问题分析

本文简要分析了粮食库区液态粮食油计量罐在贸易交接过程中,造成油品计量误差的若干原因,并通过分析,提出了减小误差的办法,可以为库区挽回经济损失。     

The influence of international oil price fluctuation on the exchange rate of countries along the “Belt and Road”

In recent years, the international crude oil price has become increasingly volatile. It influences the exchange rate changes of relevant countries through economic growth, price level, international balance of payments, and other channels. Such exchange rate fluctuations have caused certain risks for the development of China’s “Belt and Road” Initiative. This article analyzes the impact of oil price changes on the exchange rates of countries. Because the fluctuation of oil prices and exchange rates has shown the characteristics of multiple time scales, this study used the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method to obtain the long-cycle and short-cycle sequences of oil prices and the exchange rates of various countries, then analyzed the impact of oil price changes on exchange rates under different time scales. The results showed that oil price fluctuations have an impact on the exchange rate changes of countries along the “Belt and Road” under different time scales. However, this effect is asymmetric between oil-producing countries and non-oil-producing countries, and the transmission path of oil prices to exchange rates varies from cycle to cycle.