税收激励、国际税收竞争与外国直接投资

本文要考察的是其一，决定FDI流动的主要因素是什么?其二，税收作为影响FDI流动的因素之一，其重要性如何?各种税收激励以及普遍降低法定税率，对吸引FDI流入是否有效?其三，这种主权国家单方面采取的税收行为，在一定程度上导致了国际税收竞争，这种竞争的负面后果是否会抵消主权国家对FDI进行税收激励的有效性并对资源有效配置带来不利影响?     

韩国、俄罗斯、澳大利亚三国FDI税收激励政策介绍及借鉴

随着经济全球化进程的加快,中国对外投资也在不断增长。本文从中国主要对外投资国中选取了三个具有代表性的国家——韩国、俄罗斯和澳大利亚,研究其外商直接投资(FDI)税收激励政策及发展趋势,并对我国进一步扩大对外投资和调整FDI税收激励政策提出了几点看法。     

外商投资优惠政策影响FDI流入的新研究

本文通过理论探讨,分析出流入到中国的FDI的主要影响因素;对我国现有的外商投资优惠政策进行了创造性的虚拟化处理,深入剖析FDI流入与外商投资优惠政策之间的相关性,得出以下结论:中国的税收优惠政策无论是在全国范围还是内陆省份,都能够显著影响FDI的流入,但是对沿海FDI的流入的作用不显著,甚至呈现负相关性;中国的产业政策虽然都能够正面影响FDI的流入,但是效果并不显著;同时,进一步分析可以看到,以前影响FDI的主要因素如货运总量的作用已经开始减弱,甚至在全国范围和内陆省份来看,货运量对FDI的流入是呈负作用的。     

韩国FDI税收优惠法律制度初探

有数据统计。自美国金融危机以来,美日欧等西方发达国家和地区对韩国的FDI持续减缓,但中国等新兴经济国家地区对韩FDI缺大幅增加。据来自官方的数据显示,20209年中国对韩国的总投资额达到1．6亿美元持续了较快的增长速度。去年,中国对韩国FDI更是达到新高,仅非金融类FDI就已达到12亿美元。直至2011年年初。中国对韩FDI总额已近10．4元。对韩投资的大幅度提高迫切需要我们加强了解韩国投资优惠制度特别是税收优惠措施。     

税收会影响外商投资吗?

记者:在全球利用FDI数量急剧下降的形势下,中国却成为世界上第二大吸引FDI的国家.您认为这其中税收因素对外商投资者的决策有多大的影响?     

税收现代化服务中国式现代化的内涵思考与实践途径北大核心

全面推进中国式现代化是新时代新征程的伟大事业,则“税收现代化服务中国式现代化”必然是当前税收战线的首要任务。在中国特色社会主义持续发展中,税收始终是中国特色社会主义税收,税收现代化始终是中国特色税收现代化。因此讨论税收现代化服务中国式现代化,就是讨论中国特色税收现代化服务中国式现代化,就是讨论两者的辩证关系、时代内涵与实践途径。基于这一判断,本文聚焦四个方面展开讨论:一是在中国特色社会主义新发展中定位中国特色税收现代化;二是以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的世界观方法论指引中国特色税收现代化:三是把握中国式现代化与中国特色税收现代化的时代内涵和辩证关系;四是探索中国特色税收现代化服务中国式现代化的实践途径。     

税收优惠政策对吸引外国直接投资的作用初探

一直以来,税收理论界对于税收优惠政策的实际经济效应和其吸引外国直接投资(FDI)的有效性始终都存有争议.本文分析了税收优惠政策的有效性以及各种税收优惠手段的实施效果,为我国适当运用税收优惠政策吸引FDI提出了相关建议.     

"两法合并"会影响我国引进外资的质量吗?

本文将我国的外国直接投资(FDI)分为来自港台的外资和来自美国、日本、欧洲等主要发达国家的外资两大类,并利用我国各省、自治区、直辖市1993～2003年的面板数据进行实证检验,结果表明,来自港台的FDI对税收优惠较为敏感,而来自美、日等西方发达国家的FDI对税收优惠并不敏感。因此本文认为,“两法合并”中税收优惠政策调整以后,受到冲击的主要是来自港台的以加工贸易为主的外资,而来自美、日等国的以长期投资为主的外资所受到的冲击将会很小,因而“两法合并”对我国引进外资造成的负面影响将很有限。     

“一带一路”与中国对外直接投资:效应和影响机制北大核心CSSCI

“一带一路”倡议有助于充分利用国内国际两个市场和资源,在更大范围、更广领域上优化资源配置,提高开放水平。研究发现:“一带一路”倡议对中国向“一带一路”沿线国家直接投资起到显著促进作用;“一带一路”倡议制度框架,有利于沿线国家降低税负,提高税收征管效率,进而通过改善税收营商环境,显著提高中国对沿线国家的对外直接投资水平。因而,应继续推动中国与“一带一路”沿线国家税收合作,帮助沿线国家提高税收征管能力;加快中国与“一带一路”沿线国家税收协定谈判和签署步伐,修订现有已签订的税收协定中的不适宜条款;继续基于“一带一路”框架优化中国“走出去”企业对外投资税收服务,为中国企业参与对外直接投资创造良好的税收环境。     

试论中国环境税收政策的改革与完善

如何运用税收政策来促进环保工作，如何建立中国环境税收体系，将环保目标纳入税收政策的考虑范围，已成为当前中国税收所面临的新课题。本文在探讨中国现行环境税收政策不足的基础上，结合中国环境税收政策目标，从税收约束和税收激励两方面提出若干改革和完善建议。     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.