浅析信用证认识上的误区

我国的出口贸易中仍在大量使用信用证,但是在对信用证的认识上却存在着误区。信用证并不是一种对出口方最安全的结算方式,而保兑信用证也不能说是对出口方最为有利。认识并纠正在信用证认识上的误区,对我国出口企业扩大国外销售市场,提高市场占有率有着十分重要的意义。     

对竹木草制品出口的政策效应分析

竹木草制品是我国传统的大宗出口商品,近年来出口增速迅猛.龙岗竹木草制品生产企业种类齐全,出口规模大,是深圳出口竹木草制品重要的生产基地.本文通过分析2006年以来龙岗地区竹木草制品出口情况,研究检验检疫政策与竹木草制品出口的相关性,探讨检验检疫机构对竹木草制品出口的政策效应,以期在国家对出口工业品检验监管政策做出重大调整的新形势下,思考出口商品检验检疫监管模式,进一步促进相关产品的外贸发展.     

浅析信用证认识上的误区

我国的出口贸易中仍在大量使用信用证,但是在对信用证的认识上却存在着误区。信用证并不是一种对出口方最安全的结算方式,而保兑信用证也不能说是对出口方最为有利。认识并纠正在信用证认识上的误区,对我国出口企业扩大国外销售市场,提高市场占有率有着十分重要的意义。     

论引进技术与我国利用外资问题

<正> 一、吸引外资引进技术的必要性 我国吸引和利用外资存在着多种考虑,如: 1.通过利用外资引进技术,提高本身的技术能力;2.利用外资提高生产能力,扩大生产规模;3.利用外商提供的机器设备和销售渠道扩大产品的出口;4.通过利     

中国-欧盟农产品贸易结构分析

本文运用多项指标系统描述了1995-2003年中国-欧盟农产品贸易结构的特征。相对贸易优势测算结果显示中国在动物产品、蔬菜水果和烟草等劳动密集型产品上的竞争优势有所减弱,而在茶类产品、水产品加工产品和蔬菜水果制品上的竞争优势趋于增强;贸易互补性在波动中增强;出口相似性指数表明双方在出口结构上存在较大的差异;贸易强度指数显示中国与原欧盟以及扩大后的欧盟在农产品贸易方面有很大的发展潜力。最后得出结论,中国应该发挥高附加值农产品的出口优势,扩大对欧盟的出口。     

FOB加电放提单与出口风险

随着外贸环境的变化,外贸企业在实践中的操作手法也发生了相应的变化.目前,不少企业,尤其是中小企业,喜欢采用 FOB出口合同;倾向以 T/T而不是信用证收取货款 ;在近洋运输中逐渐采用电放提单.这些变化既会给企业出口带来有利面,如果操作不妥也会导致很大的风险,特别是以 FOB加电放提单的方式出口货物时,隐藏着很大风险.     

扩大对澳大利亚的出口

我国对澳贸易逐年增加,但一直处于逆差状态,1972—1990年逆差累计达115亿美元。当前扩大对澳出口的有利因素增长,两国经贸关系进一步发展,双边高层经贸往来恢复正常;澳政府大幅度削减关税;逐步取消对纺织品、服装、鞋类的进口配额限制;取消对“四小”的关税优惠。我应趁此机会,大力扩大对澳出口,注意勿触犯其倾销法和补贴抵销规定;澳规定如所进口的商品为本地所缺,且不能生产类似品,澳进口商可申请减税,这一优惠政策对我十分有利,应充分利用。     

迎着机遇挑战 继续拚搏进取

1994年,国家外贸体制深化改革,出台了一系列改革措施;西方国家经济开始复苏,给扩大轴承出口带来有利形势和机遇。同时,激烈的竞争,流动资金短缺,原材料及产品价格上涨,低价竞销,仍较混乱的出口秩序,又使我们面临危机和困扰。     

板泉柳编制品出口面临的技术性贸易壁垒及对策

山东省临沂市莒南县板泉镇是我国著名的杞柳编织产品生产与出口基地。近年来，无公害、无污染的杞柳制品，深受发达国家的喜爱，市场日益扩大。但在柳编产业发展过程中企业数量多规模小，加工效率不高，以及企业管理难的问题也日益显露。与此同时技术性贸易壁垒已经成为我国木制品以及草编制品出口面临的主要非关税贸易壁垒之一。针对板泉镇柳编制品的发展现状提出了建立柳编制品出口的预警机制，加强柳编制品技术标准的建设工作，企业应努力提高科技水平，及时调整产业结构，研制和使用环保产品等对策和建议。     

扩大我国玉米出口的对策

目前我国玉米出口面临着大好机遇,也面临着严峻挑战.在对此加以论述的基础上,提出了扩大我国玉米出口的对策,探讨了一些新的做法和设想.     

Critical Success Factors for Manufacturing Networks as Perceived by Network Coordinators

While networking among small and medium-sized manufacturing firms (SMEs) is a growing phenomenon, there has been little empirical study of the factors that lead to the success of these networks. This study identifies the following eight success factors for manufacturing networks of SMEs, which are ranked by perceived degree of importance to the success of the network: (1) participant character; (2) chief executive officer (CEO) support; (3) confidence; (4) dedication; (5) capabilities; (6) external relationships; (7) intermediary; and (8) information technology. Four success factors were perceived to be significantly more important in joint production and marketing networks compared to joint learning and resource sharing networks: (1) participant character; (2) confidence; (3) external relationships; and (4) information technology.     

International migration versus foreign investment in the presence of unemployment

"This paper extends the standard (two-factor, one-good) model of international factor movements, to include unemployment due to a minimum-income guarantee within the capital-abundant country. From this country's perspective, we establish important departures from previous (full-employment) results. Most notably, our analysis shows that: (1) free factor mobility is worse than no mobility; (2) the optimal degree of labour migration is zero; and (3) national welfare can always be maximized by an optimal flow of capital. The analysis is then extended to examine: (1) illegal migration; (2) subsidization of employment; and (3) alternative views of unemployment."     

Feeling hungry? let's order through mobile! examining the fast food mobile commerce in China

This study proposes a unique framework that aids to enrich online shopping experience (psychological and monetary gains) and accelerates fast food mobile commerce (m-commerce). The extended technology acceptance model (TAM) is applied while the stimulus–organism–response (S–O–R) paradigm served as the predominant framework combined with the acquisition-transaction utility theory. This study investigates the mobile website quality, website brand equity (stimulus) influence on (PEOU) and (PU) (organism) to predict Chinese consumer intention to use fast food mobile commerce (response). A total of 936 respondents were participated while data were collected using a convenience sampling technique in China. Results reveal that all dimensions of mobile WQ (i.e., service quality, system quality, and information quality) and Website BE (i.e., brand image, perceived quality, brand association, and brand loyalty) (stimulus) significantly substantially influence PEOU and PU (organism) toward the acceptance of online fast food shopping (response). Digital Coupon Proneness (an accelerator) substantially moderates the relationship between PEOU, PU, and intention to use fast food m-commerce. Based on the assumptions of acquisition-transaction utility theory, category-specific (fast food) digital coupon proneness increase m-commerce for online fast food buying– a novel contribution of the study. Furthermore, research provides unique managerial insights for the industry to utilize the maximum potential of m-commerce in the fast-food industry.     

Competence‐based management development in small and medium‐sized enterprises: a multi‐stakeholder analysis

Small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) are considered increasingly important for economic growth (Wilson, 1995) and effective management of them is regarded as essential for their survival and success (Jennings and Beaver, 1995). This study adopted a multi‐stakeholder perspective in order to explore the promotion, via Training and Enterprise Councils (TECs); provision and (potential for) purchase of competence‐based management training and development (MTD) in the SME sector in the United Kingdom. Survey data from (551) and interviews with (12) SMEs; plus interviews (6) with TECs and interviews (29) with providers of MTD are reported. ‘Product’ deficiencies in competence‐based MTD are identified and recommendations for promotion made.     

Ethics in Business: Answering the Call

What might happen if business leaders across the globe viewed their work as a sacred calling in a religious sense? Might not the world be a far better place? This paper is an effort to stimulate debate and discussion on this topic. Concepts addressed include: (a) ethics in business, (b) ethical standards in business settings, (c) the role of law, (d) levels of corporate responsibility, (e) the role of religion in business ethics, (f) the idea of business as a calling in a religious sense, (g) the elements of modern corporate culture, (h) creating an ethical corporate culture, (i) demonstrating corporate social responsibility, and (j) providing servant leadership. The introduction to the paper shows how these concepts interrelate; its conclusion offers a challenge to business leaders to answer their call to business in the truest sense.     

What can managers do about unethical management?

What can and should we do as managers and administrators when our sense of personal morality is at odds with our organization's behavior? Among the many alternatives are: (1) not think about it; (2) go along and get along; (3) protest; (4) conscientiously object; (5) leave; (6) secretly blow the whistle; (7) publicly blow the whistle; (8) secretly threaten to blow the whistle; (9) sabotage; and, (10) negotiate and build consensus for a change in the unethical behavior. This article considers the advantages and disadvantages of these ten types of strategies based on some philosophy, game theory and everyday pragmatics.     

Online consumer behavior: Comparing Canadian and Chinese website visitors

Zajonc's (1980) theory of emotions and Mehrabian and Russell's (1974) stimulus-organism-response (SOR) framework inform the development of a model of online customer behavior. The model examines the impacts of the three types of emotions (pleasure, arousal, and dominance) on perceptions of site atmospherics (informativeness, effectiveness, and entertainment). In turn, the associations of site atmospherics on site attitudes, site involvement, service attitudes, and purchase intentions are investigated. The model is compared between Canadian and Chinese customers based on Hofstede's (1991) cultural value dimensions. The findings supported the model and revealed several non-invariant paths between the groups. Particularly, the impact of pleasure (dominance) on the other behavioral variables was higher for Canadian (Chinese) compared to Chinese (Canadian) customers. Moreover, the impacts of low (high) task relevant cues were stronger for Chinese (Canadian) customers compared to their Canadian (Chinese) counterparts. Discussion centers on the theoretical and practical implications of the findings.     

美国国际贸易法院判定美国商务部对河北兴茂轮胎有限公司非公路用轮胎“双反”措施不当案评述

美国进口商和中国出口商不满美国商务部对来自中国的某些非公路用轮胎实施反倾销和反补贴税的裁定,向美国国际贸易法院提出起诉。美国国际贸易法院裁定,美国法律没有明确规定反倾销税法是否可适用于非市场经济国家;本案中美国商务部做的"双反"裁定,在方法上不合理。本文在介绍该案的基本案情、归纳法院推理和判决的基础上,对该案涉及的法律问题做了简要评论。     

Beyond merger syndrome and cultural differences: New avenues for research on the “human side” of global mergers and acquisitions (M&As)

This paper focuses on research on the “human side” of global mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We argue that there is a need for a more fine-grained understanding of the “human side,” which requires conceptualizing M&As as practice-oriented processes. Drawing on the practice approach, we outline avenues for further research on the “human side” of global M&As. The research directions include (1) multilayered identity dynamics, (2) emotional processes, (3) participation and change agency, (4) resistance, (5) human resource management (HRM) practices and tools, and (6) new forms of communication.