人本传统与管理科学化的任务

一、中国传统的人本精神在中国哲学史上,管仲是较早提出以人为本的思想家。他说：“夫霸王之所也,以人为本。本理则国固,本乱则国危”（《管子·霸言》）。又说：“齐国百姓,公之本也”（《管子·霸形》）。管仲还强调人心向背对政治兴衰的重要性,说：“政之所兴,在顺民心;政之所废,在逆民心。”“下令于流水原者,令顺民心也”,而要顺民心,就要“民恶忧劳,我佚乐之;民恶贫贱,我富贵之;民恶危坠,我存安之;民恶绝灭,我生育之”,“不强民以其所恶”（《牧民》）。更为可贵的是,管仲还提出了百年树人的思想。他说：“一年之…     

管仲的经济变革思想及其对后世的影响

文章阐述了管仲经济改革的具体内容与管仲经济政策所蕴含的经济学思想,分析了管仲经济改革思想的历史传承及当代价值。     

试论消费在社会生产总过程中的地位和作用——谈《管子·侈靡篇》的启示

在社会生产中,人们为了改造自然,创造世界,就需要不断地进行生产、分配、交换和消费.而消费在社会生产总过程中处于何种地位,起着什么作用,多年来一直被忽视,特别是在“四人帮”横行时期,研究消费竟被视为禁区.近读《管子·侈靡篇》,对如何正确认识这个问题,得到一些教益和启示. 《侈靡篇》是我国西汉初期吕后称制时代的一篇值得重视的经济思想论文.以“侈靡”名篇,就是强调大量消费,以促进大量生产,大量发展工商业,大量解决社会就业问题,并促进社会安定,阐明消费在社会生产总过程中的地位和作用.这种消费观,在当时不仅冲破了重农轻商的传统经济思想的束缚,对于发展封建经济起了一定的影响,而     

西汉两次法律思想转变的原因分析

西汉法律思想的发展演变大体经历了两个阶段:第一阶段,自西汉初年到汉武帝亲政之前的近70年间,黄老思想占据统治地位,辅之以儒、法,为政之道讲求与民休息、务在宽厚、刑罚大省;第二阶段,从汉武帝起,采纳董仲舒“罢黜百家,独尊儒术”的思想,强化中央集权,法律指导思想转变为以儒为主,礼法并用.此后这一法律思想得到沿用,并巩固、深化.     

盐铁专卖制度兴衰启示录

专卖制度，古称禁榷制度。禁榷，就是禁止私人经营，由官府垄断。一般认为，盐铁专卖制度源于春秋时期管仲的“管山海”政策，商鞅变法过程中“收山泽之利”，但西汉以前专卖制度尚处于萌芽阶段。     

从管仲“牧民”思想看中国证券法创新

中国证券市场快速发展的同时，出现了较多的问题。具体表现为上市公司监管制度不健全，新股发行制度不完善，中小股东权益保护缺乏制度与力度等方面，证券法创新日益受到人们的关注。春秋时期齐国著名政治家管仲在《牧民》一文中提出了富民的主张，这种富民思想对中国目前的证券法创新有着非常重要的借鉴意义。     

王阳明《春秋》学思想初探

现代学者对于王阳明解读儒家经典的著作的研究较少,尤其缺乏对王阳明《春秋》学思想的研究。王阳明虽然在《春秋》学方面上的文字著述较少,但是从他的弟子在文集中记录的《春秋》学论断出发,可以发现他的《春秋》学思想是对宋代《春秋》学家胡安国思想的继承和发挥,看到王阳明如何从心学的维度上确定《春秋》的经传关系,进而厘定王阳明《春秋》学思想在其心学体系中的重要地位。     

西汉屯田的几个问题

一、屯田的创始年代 屯田始于西汉,古今史家无异词。但屯田始于西汉何时,各家就诸说纷纭。唐杜佑《通典》卷二《食货·屯田》认为屯田起于“汉昭帝始元二年(公元前85年)诏发习战射士诣朔方,调故吏将屯田张掖郡”;宋徐天麟《西汉会要》卷五九《兵·屯田》则以为屯田起于汉文帝采纳晁错建议“募民徙塞下”。宋王应麟《玉海》卷一七七《食货·屯田》则以为“汉文帝募民耕塞下已有屯田之说,武帝屯渠犁始有屯田之规,成于昭、宣,广于魏、晋,而极盛于唐”。     

从张家山汉简看汉初会计管理制度的发展状况

本文据张家山247号汉墓出土的《二年律令》及《算数书》等资料,从财计组织与财计制度、会计管理制度及汉初会计计量单位的发展等方面考察西汉初年的会计管理制度的发展状况。结果显示西汉初年的会计管理达到了一个较高的水平。     

论货殖家商争思想的孙子兵法渊源

货殖家 ,是先秦到西汉前期存在过的一个独立的学术思想流派。货殖家留下的思想资料主要集中在司马迁《史记·货殖列传》中 ,其主要代表人物是春秋战国之际的陶朱公和战国中期的白圭。货殖家商争思想在许多方面受兵家尤其是《孙子》的影响。货殖家商争思想与孙子兵法的联系 ,主要包括以下四个方面 :军争“任势”与商争“任时” ;“兵之情主速”与“趋时若猛兽挚 (鸷 )鸟之发” ;军争“取与观”的启示 ;“将帅五德”与“商才四品”。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

研发过程模型优化——研发过程任意阶段知识运作模型研究

本文拟通过对三个现有研发过程模型的评述,结合其他相关文献的回顾以及当前企业界所能够提供的技术服务,对研发过程模型予以优化,并尝试提出了‘研发过程任意阶段知识运作模型”来探讨“知识在研发过程中究竟是如何运作的”的问题,以期能够为当前的企业界和学术界的研发过程运作模式的完善提供有益参考。