共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 12 毫秒
1.
Alan Fernihough 《Journal of Economic Growth》2017,22(1):35-65
This paper provides an empirical test of the child quantity–quality (QQ) trade-off predicted by unified growth theory. Using individual census returns from the 1911 Irish census, we examine whether children who attended school were from smaller families—as predicted by a standard QQ model. To measure causal effects, we use a selection of models robust to endogeneity concerns which we validate for this application using an Empirical Monte Carlo analysis. Our results show that a child remaining in school between the ages of 14 and 16 caused up to a 27 % reduction in fertility. Our results are robust to alternative estimation techniques with different modeling assumptions, sample selection, and alternative definitions of fertility. These findings highlight the importance of the demographic transition as a mechanism which underpinned the expansion in human capital witnessed in Western economies during the twentieth century. 相似文献
2.
Xuan-Vinh Vo 《Applied economics》2013,45(24):3135-3146
This article makes an exploratory empirical investigation into the relationship between net private capital flows and economic growth using a panel dataset from emerging Asian countries, namely South Korea, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and the Philippines, over the period 1980–2001. Overall, this article indicates that net private capital helps to promote economic growth for the countries in the sample. In addition, this article also supports the view that net private capital flows will better contribute to economic growth under a sound policy and economic environment. This article also seeks to improve the estimation results by controlling for reverse causality as an econometric method that can control, for reverse causality is very important to examining the relationship between net private capital flows and economic growth. To tackle this issue, this article employs the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimation technique, which is an econometric technique that can handle the reverse causality using the lagged explanatory variables as instruments. 相似文献
3.
Nicholas Apergis 《Applied economics》2013,45(23):3288-3294
The goal of this study is to assess whether and to what extent inflation differentials between the tradable and nontradable sectors in the Greek economy are due to the domestic version of the Balassa–Samuelson (BS) effect and, therefore, the ‘expensiveness’ of the country and its huge deficit of international competitiveness. Using data over the period 1989 to 2009 from the Greek economy, the empirical results indicate that the domestic BS effect is present for the case of Greece and seems to explain about 33% of the overall inflation rate. 相似文献
4.
Cheng Yuhou Yan Jun 《生态经济(英文版)》2005,(3):60-62
The demand environment has a great influence on innovations and the formation of the motive force of the innovation. The demand causes the desire: the desire forms the motive force; the motive force inspires the innovative thinking. the innovative thinking becomes the innovative practice; and the innovative practice.finally, meets people's demand. 相似文献
5.
Abel and Eberly (1999) prove that uncertainty has an ambiguous effect on long run capital accumulation in a real options model. We show that, with adjustment costs quadratic in investment, more uncertainty reduces capital and this effect may be large. 相似文献
6.
Stochastic growth models are often solved numerically, because they are not tractable in general. However, recent several studies find the closed-form solution to the stochastic Uzawa–Lucas model in which technological progress or population dynamics follow a Brownian motion process with one or two parameter restriction(s). However, they assume that the return on the accumulation of human capital is deterministic, which is inconsistent with empirical evidence. Therefore, I develop the Uzawa–Lucas model in which the accumulation of human capital follows a mixture of a Brownian motion process and many Poisson jump processes, and obtain the closed-form solution. Moreover, I use it to examine the nexus between human capital uncertainty, technological progress, expected growth rate of human capital, and welfare. 相似文献
7.
Roberto Romani 《European Journal of the History of Economic Thought》2018,25(2):295-326
The article considers Paul Samuelson, Robert Solow, James Tobin, Walter Heller, and Arthur Okun qua political economists. The focus is on their combination of a faith in economic science and a passionate public spirit. The article aims to substantiate two related arguments. The first is that these “new economists” were public intellectuals, regularly addressing public opinion, and engaging with the major economic and social issues of the times; the second is that their value judgements gained the upper hand over scientific discourse when they were confronted with the 1970s inflation. 相似文献
8.
Chen Kangli 《生态经济(英文版)》2005,(4):56-58
Light sources and lighting have brought human beings light culture. Lighting can satisfy not only production and security but also tourism, commerce, and culture. However, light pol- lution caused by the misuse of light source or by poor light distributio… 相似文献
9.
Barbara M. Fraumeni Junzi He Haizheng Li Qinyi Liu 《Journal of Comparative Economics》2019,47(4):853-866
This study investigates the regional distribution and dynamics of human capital in China. We develop a new comprehensive human capital measure based on the Jorgenson-Fraumeni (J-F) lifetime income framework, in addition to using the traditional education-based human capital measures. We find that the new J-F human capital measure reflects more closely the regional economic disparity than the education-based measures. We also conduct a Divisia decomposition analysis to investigate the contributions of different factors to the quantity and quality growth of human capital and to regional disparity. Our results show that the regional human capital gaps in China are enlarging in general. Education and urbanization contribute most to human capital growth, while population aging shows a strong negative effect. Our estimates create a new provincial level human capital panel dataset from 1985 to 2014, which is useful for empirical work and policy analysis. 相似文献
10.
In the context of a model due to Robinson, Solow and Srinivasan (the RSS model), we report results on the existence and characterization
of locally optimal programs, a concept taken from theoretical physics. In particular, we propose a (new) transversality condition
under which all locally optimal programs are good. An extended introduction places our theorems in the context of previous
work on the existence question, including that on agreeable programs. It appears that there is no completely rational way
to attack [the] problem without considering development programmes over an infinite horizon (Gale in Rev Econ Stud 34:1–8,
1967). The analysis of simple models is essential if we are to understand the corresponding situation for more complex models
of the economy (Mirrlees and Stern in J Econ Theory 4:268–288, 1972). The technical convenience, for clear and quantitative
results, of using an infinite time horizon is rather great (Hammond and Mirrlees in Models of economic growth, Wiley, New
York, pp 283–299, 1973). 相似文献
11.
Fathali Firoozi 《Applied economics letters》2016,23(14):979-983
The purchasing power parity (PPP) is the hypothesis that the real exchange rate series are stationary. This study briefly reviews and applies six competing unit root test procedures to test PPP. Reflecting the existing literature, the results are mixed. The Kiliç test is the most favourable while the Kapetanios, Shin, and Snell (KSS) test is the least favourable to PPP and the standard ADF test lies in between. The same conclusion applies to the Fourier extensions of those three tests. The results support a recently suggested F-test for the significance of Fourier terms in unit root test equations. 相似文献
12.
This paper introduces new data on state-level physical capital by sector and land in the farm sector for the states of the United States from 1840 to 2000. These data are incorporated into aggregate accounting exercises with the aim of comparing cross-state results to those found in cross-country samples. Our aggregate results agree closely with the cross-country literature: input accumulation accounts for most of output growth, between three-fifths and three-quarters, but variation in the growth of TFP accounts for about three-quarters of the variation in the growth rate of output per worker. In convergence accounting, convergence of log TFP accounts for about seventy percent of the observed convergence in log output per worker. 相似文献
13.
Hashem Dezhbakhsh 《Applied economics》2013,45(25):3655-3670
The academic debate over the deterrent effect of capital punishment has intensified again with a major policy outcome at stake. About two dozen empirical studies have recently emerged that explore the issue. Donohue and Wolfers (2005) claim to have examined the recent studies and shown the evidence not to be robust to specification changes. We argue that the narrow scope of their study does not warrant this claim. Moreover, focusing on our two studies that they have examined, we show the deterrence findings to be robust, while their work has serious flaws and their reporting appears to be selective. The selectivity is biased towards showing ‘no deterrence’. 相似文献
14.
We study a two-country endogenous growth model in which the long-run growth is propelled by the accumulation of physical and
human capital. We show that in the integrated world economy, there exists a unique and locally saddlepoint stable balanced
growth equilibrium. We also show that the incorporation of adjustment costs in the process of human capital accumulation leads
to a lower long-run growth rate. We then show that, in the 2-country world economy with international trade, balanced growth
is possible. Finally, we present a dynamic Heckscher–Ohlin theorem concerning the pattern of international trade.
We appreciate the constructive comments from an anonymous referee which have improved this paper significantly. We acknowledge
also with gratitude the valuable comments of Hideyuki Adachi, Kosuke Aoki, Daniel Bernhofen, Eric Bond, Koichi Futagami, Ronald
Jones, Tamotsu Nakamura and Raymond Riezman on earlier versions. We appreciate also the beneficial comments from the participants
of the GEP conference on New Directions in International Trade Theory held in the University of Nottingham and of the Adachi
OB Workshop in Kobe University. 相似文献
15.
CHEN Lu-man HU Jing LIU Jun-qing 《中国经济评论(英文版)》2008,7(9):20-27
With the rapid economic development, the imbalance of China's balance of payments gets sever gradually, especially in the continuous increase in the net errors and omissions, which even has exceeded the international alert line. Such scale of net errors and omissions have also presented the flaws of the custody of capital flows, leading to huge capital escape and hot money influx, which needs our attention. 相似文献
16.
17.
Bang-bang investment in a two-sector growth model with immobile capital is rational and leads to a unique and globally stable long-run equilibrium along a sliding trajectory. This steady state coincides with the stationary equilibrium in the traditional model with non-sector-specific capital.This article was written while the authors were visiting scholars at Cornell University. We gratefully acknowledge financial assistance from the Erasmus University Trust Fund and the Netherlands Scientific Organization. We would like to thank, without implicating, two anonymous referees, Martijn Herrmann, Jean-Marie Viaene, Claus Weddepohl, and the participants of seminars at the University of Maryland, the University of Montreal, and Erasmus University Rotterdam for perceptive remarks and useful comments. Jeroen Hinloopen and Rien Wagenvoort provided able graphical assistance. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the World Bank. 相似文献
18.
Muyou Sun 《中国经济评论(英文版)》2005,4(2):60-63
The E-business organization of enterprise comes into being due to the demand of era. With the development of the society, it has been developing from H type to U Mode, to the shape of matrix and then to the shape of the network. The evolution of these modes is derived from the necessity to serve customers and society better. This is the current E-business organization mode. 相似文献
19.
Zili Yang 《Frontiers of Economics in China》2016,11(1):88
This paper examines the relationship between the Samuelson rule for efficient provision of stock externality and unilateral transfers for equalization of mitigation costs among the agents. Using a generic model of stock externality provisions, we proved that the revised Samuelson rule that allows transfers is a necessary and sufficient condition for efficient provision of stock externalities. In addition, selection of social welfare weights of the agents plays a key role in directions and magnitudes of the transfers. We discuss the implications of the revised Samuelson rule in economic modeling of climate change, an empirical case of stock externality, through numerical simulations in the RICE model. 相似文献
20.
This analysis assesses the role of social capital in generating heterogeneity in growth processes across U.S. counties by estimating growth regressions, using the novel semiparametric smooth coefficient quantile regression method in which parameters are unspecified functions of a measure of social capital. The results indicate substantial differences across the quantiles of economic growth in the profile shapes of the coefficient estimates over the level of social capital. Moreover, the coefficient function estimates are highly nonlinear over the level of social capital, providing evidence that the growth process that links initial income, education attainment, ethnic diversity, inequality, population density, and government activity to growth varies with social capital in a nonlinear way. 相似文献