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Marcus Kreuzer 《New Political Economy》2016,21(5):473-483
ABSTRACTIn recent years, causal process tracing is becoming increasingly formalised as scholars have begun to follow Bayesian logic and thereby manage to combine the interpretative and contextual nuance of older forms of process tracing with the inferential rigours of Bayesian analysis. This paper illustrates the basic logic of Bayesian process tracing by drawing on the political economy literature that studies the social policy and economic effects of electoral systems. It compares and contrasts how each approach deals with the problem of endogeneity. 相似文献
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Renate Mayntz 《New Political Economy》2016,21(5):484-488
ABSTRACTThis comment responds specifically to some points made by Trampusch and Palier in this volume, particularly the distinction between inductive and deductive approaches, and the inquiry into the ‘added value’ of process tracing. 相似文献
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Christine Trampusch 《New Political Economy》2016,21(5):437-454
ABSTRACTThis article maps the methodological debate on process tracing and discusses the diverse variants of process tracing in order to highlight the commonalities beyond diversity and disagreements. Today most authors agree that process tracing is aimed at unpacking causal and temporal mechanisms. The article distinguishes two main types of use for process tracing. Some are more inductive, aimed at theory building (i.e. at uncovering and specifying causal mechanisms) while others are more deductive, aimed at theory testing (and refining). The paper summarizes the main added value and drawbacks of process tracing. It ends by providing ten guidelines for when and how to apply process tracing. 相似文献
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对我国上市公司退出机制的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
健全的退出机制是一国证券市场完善的重要标志,本文结合我国证券市场的特殊国情,对上市公司退出机制的现状进行了实证分析,并在此基础上提出了我国上市公司退出机制的基本模式及相应的政策建议。 相似文献
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众包式创新是基于互联网交互作用快速兴起的一种多主体参与的合作创新理念和创新模式.它是指公司或其他组织将过去由内部员工执行的部分工作任务,以自由自愿的形式分包给非特定的、数量庞大的网络大众完成的一种创新模式.这种创新模式所呈现出的民主、平等、参与的理念及其汇集集体智慧的网络组织创新特点受到众多世界500强企业及创业企业的青睐,展现了无限的魅力.企业发布任务,参与者完成任务获得奖励的活动实际上是一种委托代理活动.本文基于委托代理理论对众包式创新激励机制进行了分析,探讨了企业应该如何进行激励机制的设计,使参与者更努力的完成任务,创造出更优秀的作品,以及不同激励机制设计对于众包式创新运行效率的影响. 相似文献
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Donal Khosrowi 《Journal of Economic Methodology》2019,26(1):45-58
ABSTRACTI consider recent strategies proposed by econometricians for extrapolating causal effects from experimental to target populations. I argue that these strategies fall prey to the extrapolator’s circle: they require so much knowledge about the target population that the causal effects to be extrapolated can be identified from information about the target alone. I then consider comparative process tracing (CPT) as a potential remedy. Although specifically designed to evade the extrapolator’s circle, I argue that CPT is unlikely to facilitate extrapolation in typical econometrics and evidence-based policy applications. To argue this, I offer a distinction between two kinds of extrapolation, attributive and predictive, the latter being prevalent in econometrics and evidence-based policy. I argue that CPT is not helpful for predictive extrapolation when using the kinds of evidence that econometricians and evidence-based policy researchers prefer. I suggest that econometricians may need to consider qualitative evidence to overcome this problem. 相似文献
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在相关文献梳理与分析的基础上,界定了企业虚拟品牌社区治理机制的概念,通过半结构化访谈和开放式问卷调查等方式进行资料收集,并利用扎根理论进行编码,提炼出企业虚拟品牌社区治理机制的结构维度。在此基础上,遵循量表开发的标准模式和范式,通过对Haier智家社群、小米社区和花粉俱乐部的问卷调查,实现了对企业虚拟品牌社区治理机制结构模型和测量量表的验证。研究发现:(1)企业虚拟品牌社区治理机制是一个多维度概念,包括问责机制、关系规范、社区激励和网络惯例四个维度;(2)经过探索性和验证性因子分析的检验,本文所开发的企业虚拟品牌社区治理机制测量量表具有较高的信度和效度。本研究不仅拓展了治理机制在企业虚拟品牌社区情境中的理论研究,实现了对企业虚拟品牌社区治理机制概念内涵和结构维度的探索,而且首次开发了企业虚拟品牌社区治理机制的测量量表,为后续实证研究提供了有效测量工具。 相似文献
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This paper demonstrates the development of the Ecological Footprint within a fuzzy environment. The approach taken provides a means to understand the impacts of imprecision and uncertainty in the input-output framework, which forms a cornerstone of many recently constructed Footprint estimates. The paper uses, as a basis, an example of Footprint construction presented in the paper of Bicknell et al. [Bicknell, K.B., Ball, R.J., Cullen, R., Bigsby, H.R., 1998. New methodology for the Ecological Footprint with an application to the New Zealand economy. Ecological Economics 27, 149-160]. The analysis considers levels of fuzziness surrounding the technical coefficients in the underlying input-output framework. The results presented fully exposit the effect of the defined analysis, including the presentation of; fuzzy sector Ecological Footprints and overall fuzzy Ecological Footprint. Accompanying these findings, the fuzzy versions of certain moments associated with these Footprints are also presented, namely possibilistic mean and variance. The findings contribute to the elucidation of the potential policy impacts afforded when acknowledging imprecision and uncertainty in the data used in estimating Ecological Footprints. 相似文献
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数字技术与数据要素成为我国制造企业实现技术创新的重要手段,需从数据要素视角深入分析数字赋能制造企业技术创新的全过程机制。基于数据生命周期理论,采用探索性案例研究方法,构建了数字赋能制造企业技术创新实现机制的理论模型。研究发现,制造企业价值链上主要模块基于不同功能和目标采用不同的数字技术,形成生产流程、研发模块和营销体系全联通,在联通过程中以数据生命周期管理实现赋能,主要体现为:生产流程中,基于物联网和智能制造系统形成全流程动态反馈赋能机制,以数据的采集、传输和监控促进工艺创新;营销体系中,基于大数据技术形成全面需求双维度反向赋能机制,以数据的采集、分析和可视化促进产品创新;研发模块中,基于自身数字化升级和数字平台形成全联通赋能机制,以数据的搜寻、分享和整合促进联动创新。 相似文献
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Francisco?Candel-Sánchez "author-information "> "author-information__contact u-icon-before "> "mailto:fcandel@um.es " title= "fcandel@um.es " itemprop= "email " data-track= "click " data-track-action= "Email author " data-track-label= " ">Email author 《Economic Theory》2004,23(3):621-641 (2004)
Summary. This paper deals with implementing the efficient level of public good provision in a dynamic setting. First, we prove that when the good is provided in several stages, no sequence of Groves' mechanisms guarantees that agents will reveal their true valuations as a dominant strategy. The contribution of this paper is the characterization of those mechanisms which guarantee truthful revelation in this environment.Received: 30 December 2001, Revised: 27 March 2003, JEL Classification Numbers: D61, D78, D82, H41.This paper has greatly benefited from the ideas and comments of Sandro Brusco, Luis Corchón and Roberto Burguet. I would also like to thank José Alcalde, Luis J. Alías, Javier López-Cuñat, Juan Vicente Llinares, Ashley Piggins, Juan Perote and Antonio Quesada for very helpful suggestions. I am also grateful to an anonymous referee whose suggestions aided the quality of exposition in the paper and led me to Proposition 4. 相似文献
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武刚 《技术经济与管理研究》2007,(2):26-28
D-S证据理论作为一种重要的数据融合方法,可有效解决不确定群决策问题.针对D-S证据理论的应用局限,提出基于粗糙集的证据合成群决策方法.该方法将决策数据先用粗糙集处理,之后再根据冲突权重选择合成.文中设计了决策算法,并以应用实例说明该方法的合理性. 相似文献
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浅议流程和银行再造与流程银行建设 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文在分析流程与流程再造、银行流程与银行再造关系的基础上,讨论了我国商业银行流程银行建设产生的背景,以及我国商业银行流程建设需要遵循的原则、实施路径等问题。 相似文献
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Data on (economic) institutions are often available only as observations on ordinal, inherently incomparable properties, which are then typically aggregated to a composite index in the empirical social science literature. From a methodological perspective, the present paper advocates the application of partially ordered set (POSET) theory as an alternative approach. Its main virtue is that it takes the ordinal nature of the data seriously and dispenses with the unavoidably subjective assignment of weights to incomparable properties, maintains a high standard of objectivity, and can be applied in various fields of economics. As an application, the POSET approach is then used to calculate new indices on the stringency of fiscal rules for 81 countries over the period 1985–2012 based on recent data by IMF (2012). The derived measures of fiscal rules are used to test their significance for public finances in a fiscal reaction function and compare the POSET with the composite index approach. 相似文献
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针对新产品开发创意方案选择问题,在考虑不同部门的评审专家关注不同的评价指标集的情形下,给出了一种基于软集理论的新产品开发创意方案选择方法。即:首先介绍了软集、软矩阵、两个软矩阵的∧积运算及极大-极小决策函数等的相关定义;然后通过对两个软矩阵的极大-极小决策函数进行有效扩展,给出了集结基于不同的评价指标集的评价信息的创意方案初选准则,并定义通过初选的各方案的优先序来选择最终方案。最后,运用算例说明了该方法的可行性和有效性。 相似文献
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由于传统的Markowitz均值方差模型具有很强的不稳定性,且容易产生较大的空头头寸,因此,资产选择成为构建投资组合的一个研究热点。针对以风险分散和指数跟踪为目的的资产组合构建提出了基于变量选择观点的LASSO选择方法,说明了LASSO方法在资产选择中的优势,并应用LASSO方法使用2010年3月到2012年2月的日收益率数据对沪深300指数的指数跟踪做了实证检验,结果表明LASSO方法在组合构建和预测中都有很好的效果。 相似文献
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This study addresses two main questions. First, what is the best measurement of innovation performance? Second, is there a significant difference in the performance between open and closed innovation firms? We discuss new measures (‘efficiency’ and ‘effectiveness’) and investigate any differences between open innovation and closed innovation firms by using indicators. The impact of open innovation on firm performance has been examined in existing studies. Most papers, however, employ simple indicators such as patents and financial data. This paper verifies the relationship between open innovation and performance in the Korean manufacturing industry using a new approach. The results show that both efficiency and effectiveness were statistically higher among open innovation firms than among their closed counterparts. It may thus be concluded that the acquisition of outside technology or knowledge has a positive impact on firm performance. 相似文献