渔业技术创新联盟的困境与对策

产学研合作是渔业技术创新的主要方式,但当前我国渔业产学研合作创新仍然存在诸多问题。构建渔业技术创新联盟能够较好地解决这些问题并推动渔业产学研合作向更高层次发展。我国渔业技术创新联盟正处于发展的初期阶段,对渔业技术创新联盟构建及发展现状的分析,发现存在着联盟重复建设、运行机制不完善、组织管理体系不健全以及政府管理不规范等问题。因此,应围绕联盟的主要任务构建有序的组织管理体系;应设计完善的联盟运行机制以保障联盟内的知识共享和知识创新活动;通过加强宏观调控和完善各项配套政策以提高政府的联盟管理水平。     

水利企业知识创新网络的治理策略研究

基于知识创造和知识治理理论,在对水利企业知识创新网络和知识治理等相关概念进行界定的基础上,从网络知识环境、网络主体环境和网络结构环境三方面对知识创新网络中的潜在风险和治理问题进行分析,并针对性地提出以结构化治理、过程化治理和关联化治理3种治理机制为内核的知识治理策略,构建了水利企业知识创新网络的知识治理分析框架,以期为后续研究提供参考。     

基于产业链网的渔业产业规模研究

构建渔业产业链网是推动渔业产业可持续发展的有力途径。论文以产业链理论为基础,基于渔业企业的视角,通过对渔业产业链概念的梳理和分析,构建了传统渔业产业链模型,进一步构建出现代渔业产业链网模型。渔业产业链网是涉及第一产业、第二产业和第三产业的一种复合型产业组织形式,从结构形式上和功能上可以将其划分为先导产业、传导产业和终端产业三个环节,在此基础上,对渔业产业链网上产业分布的特征做了系统阐述和揭示。最后,运用多目标线性优化方法,构建渔业产业链网优化模型。     

构建林业产业技术创新战略联盟的必要性及可行性研究

林业产业技术创新战略联盟的构建是解决当前林业问题,加快林业科技进步的迫切要求。从增强国家自主创新能力、推动产业技术进步、帮助林业企业应对金融危机以及林业院校教学发展及人才培养等四个方面提出了构建林业产业技术创新战略联盟的必要性,并结合当前国家政策以及林业产业情况,对林业产业技术创新战略联盟的构建进行了可行性分析,旨在为林业产业技术创新战略联盟的构建提供理论支持。     

海洋生态产业链构建研究

海洋生态产业的发展是海洋经济的可持续发展与海洋生态文明的建设必然要求,也关系到新时期海洋产业结构的调整。论文探讨了海洋生态产业的概念、分类及产业链的构建原则,分析了海洋生态渔业、海洋生态工业以及海洋生态服务业的产业链条的相关节点。通过将分散的海洋生态产业类型加以整合,从产业链构建中的企业选择、产业集群构建、产业链技术创新支撑体系构建以及信息网络支撑平台构建等方面提出了相关政策建议,以期推进我国海洋产业生态化进程。     

网络知识挖掘与网络知识服务

本文从网络知识挖掘的发现技术、网络知识挖掘的类型、构建网络数据库、网络知识服务的特点与网络知识服务等方面进行论述。     

构建外贸企业知识联盟

知识是所有外贸企业培育核心竞争力过程中所必需的关键性资源，而构建知识联盟就是外贸企业培育核心竞争力的一个有效途径。本文详细探讨了外贸企业构建知识联盟培育核心竞争力的几个战略取向。     

基于演化经济学的渔业技术进步研究

科学技术作为第一生产力,其进步无疑很大程度上决定了渔业的经济绩效.为了促进渔业经济的发展,有必要从经济学视角研究渔业科技进步的规律.本文旨在运用演化经济学的相关概念对渔业技术进步的来源、传播过程及其历史因素进行研究,并综合分析中国目前的渔业技术发展现状,根据存在的问题提出相应的对策.研究结果表明中国目前存在的问题主要是对意会知识、中小企业创新能力的重视程度不够以及对技术使用缺乏必要的限制.     

构建山西省沙棘产业技术创新战略联盟的思考

沙棘不仅是改善生态环境的优选树种,而且由于其富含丰富的营养物质和生物活性物质,已被广泛应用于食品、保健等多个领域。山西作为沙棘资源大省,为了有效促进沙棘产业发展,构建了山西省沙棘产业技术联盟。文章主要从山西省沙棘资源现状、联盟构建目标和意义、联盟成员情况以及山西省沙棘产业前景展望等方面进行了说明和介绍。     

可持续发展视角下的渔业产业链整合分析

为了实现渔业产业可持续发展,需要不断转变传统的发展理念,坚持渔业发展的适度性以及协调性,有效整合渔业产业发展链,更加重视渔业发展质量。论文分析了我国渔业产业链发展现状,并从提高渔业资源质量、提升渔业发展竞争力、重视水产品流通渠道等角度开展了渔业产业链整合分析,为构建高效、完整的渔业产业发展链条提供了借鉴。     

Risk Sharing and Compensation Guides for Managers and Members of Vertical Beef Alliances

Vertical alliances in beef are growing in importance. Alliances struggle with decisions on how to compensate members. Both conceptual development and empirical analysis are needed. A conceptual framework building on transaction cost and principal agent literature is developed and strategies for sharing feeding and packing margins are analyzed. Premiums for high-quality cattle increase revenues to the alliance. Margin and premium sharing interactions are investigated and guidelines are presented. Compensations that provide incentives for improving cattle quality help ensure the success of alliances as vertical coordination and quality control mechanisms.     

Forging Strategic Alliances in Canada's Agrifood Sector: Framework for Analysis and Action

In recent years, participants in Canadas agrifood sector have become more concerned about their competitiveness and have identified strategic alliances as being vital to becoming more competitive. This paper is a review of economics, strategic management and other social science literature examining several issues such as:

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  the types of objectives organizations should pursue using strategic alliances
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  the appropriate configuration for a strategic alliance, given its objectives
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  advantages and disadvantages of strategic alliances versus other types of business relationships
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  factors that enhance or inhibit organizations' abilities to forge alliances.

The latter part of the paper concentrates on what managers interested in pursuing strategic alliances can do to enhance their chances of success.     

福建白茶地理标志品牌结盟研究

随着地理标志产品的不断增多,同质化现象开始困扰地方特色产业发展.本文通过对福建白茶产业发展的分析,提出基于地理标志品牌结盟的思路拓展白茶产业的市场空间.以战略联盟的方式实现地方特色产业的良性成长与多方共赢,提升福建白茶产业整体市场竞争实力,并以此期待对地理标志品牌同质化情况下地方特色产业发展探索可行模式.     

How did a network of marine protected areas impact adjacent fisheries? Evidence from Australia

Marine‐protected areas (MPAs) are an effective means of improving habitat quality and biodiversity in the world’s oceans. While the advantages of MPAs as a mechanism for conservation and biodiversity are well established, the potential improvements to fishery performance resulting from a network of MPAs are still being established. Countries around the world have committed to establishing networks of MPAs within their waters by 2020, in response to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity. This, coupled with the increasing global demand for seafood and heavy reliance on fishery resources as a source of economic development for many coastal communities, means that an understanding of how these networks can be expected to impact fishery performance is extremely important. We use a difference‐in‐difference modelling approach to isolate the change in the fishery performance associated with the south‐east marine reserve network in Australia. We find no evidence that the economic performance of adjacent fisheries was negatively impacted by the network. This lack of impact is likely due to a network design explicitly intended to avoid effort displacement in key fisheries, along with fishery management changes intended to remove excess fishing capacity.     

Agrarian movements and rural populism in Indonesia

In this article, we reflect on the changing trajectories of agrarian movements in Indonesia. In the two decades after independence, a left-populist alliance of peasants, plantation workers, and other affiliate organizations achieved a mass following and were embraced by President Sukarno. In the aftermath of their violent destruction, the Suharto regime reordered agrarian movements into a single corporatist model. Suharto's downfall opened the way for the re-emergence of agrarian organizations and movements. But two decades later, they remain small and fragmented, with little influence at the national level. In the changing conditions of rural life, and the increasingly authoritarian political context, progressive rural movements face dilemmas on questions both of their focus and goals and of tactical alliances with other progressive movements and political elites. A broader, more inclusive progressive populist alliance is a possibility, but with the continuing danger of co-optation by forces of the populist right.     

江苏渔业科技创新与推广体系的实证分析

渔业科技人户工程和基层渔业科技推广人员培训工程是近年来江苏加快现代渔业建设、大力推进渔业科技创新与推广体系建设的两大品牌工程。文章采用问卷调查与个别访谈相结合方法,实证分析了两大工程实施的成效,并对基层渔业科技推广人员的相关诉求信息进行了认真梳理与归纳总结。最后建议,要继续高度重视基层渔业科技推广人员的知识更新,加大资金投入,创新培训机制,调整充实培训内容,切实提高渔业科技培训成效;继续大力组织实施渔业科技人户工程,加强工程绩效管理,不断提高科技成果转化率和人户贡献率;加强基层水产技术推广队伍建设,不断提高履行公益性职能的能力。     

知识管理与林业企业可持续发展

知识经济时代 ,知识这种无形资源正逐步取代物质资源成为决定企业竞争力的核心要素。知识管理作为一种企业管理的新模式将推动林业企业的可持续发展。因而 ,必须搞好知识管理运作 ,实施“知识运营”创新战略 ,使林业企业可持续发展从理论变为现实     

上海水产资源正式制度研究——以循环经济为视角

水产资源正式制度是指在水产资源开发、利用、保护及管理等方面应遵循的权威性具有约束力的各类规则。上海水产资源正式制度则为适用于上海的、涉及水产养殖、捕捞、管理等方面的各类具有约束力的规则制度。当前,上海市水产资源正式制度尚存在一些问题,需要加强水产资源循环经济的制度理论研究来加以完善。