THE FUTURE OF THE SEABED

Increased commodity prices and improved technology have combined to increase the incentives to exploit natural resources located under the seas. However, an international seabed regime under the auspices of the United Nations presents dangers for free markets, sovereignty and security. Alternative institutional arrangements based on privatisation would produce better outcomes.     

THE FUTURE OF MARKETS

In the 2009 Wincott Lecture, the author argues that in their approach to markets, economic researchers and policy-makers have focused too much on the role of prices as signals to guide resource allocation, at the expense of two possibly more important elements – markets as a process of discovery and markets as a mechanism for the diffusion of political and economic power. Government policies should support the market rather than particular industries, promote competition not concentration, and facilitate entry, not confer advantages on existing firms.     

THE FUTURE OF THE PANAMA CANAL IN A COMPETITIVE WORLD*

With the termination of the Panama Canal Treaty, a new mode of canal operation can be expected. The treaty affects the transfer of the Panama Canal from the United States to the Government of Panama at the end of the year 1999. Whether or not the Panamanian Government will maintain the current price of canal passage is the major concern of this paper. This paper forecasts the future traffic in the canal, and examines possible changes in canal pricing along with possible actions of canal users, under the framework of a gaming situation. The feasibility of building a new canal is also examined.     

HISTORICAL LESSONS FOR EUROPE'S FUTURE IN THE WAKE OF THE EU CONVENTION

The EU's leaders are not taking constitutional reform seriously. An analysis of the history of the development of federal states suggests that they are unlikely to do so until a crisis precipitates action. The current constitutional arrangements and those proposed by the constitutional convention are a recipe for continued integration. Paradoxically, a brief, well-drafted federal constitution might stop the process of integration.     

未来生活的智慧:物业垂直服务集成商

<正>保利物业芯智慧平台是一个开放的、稳健的、可扩展的、易维护的、可支撑大用户量的核心架构平台,可以适应保利未来十年甚至更长时间内,因业务发展需要而进行业务和需求调整所导致的IT系统及业务流程的变化。正因为如此,保利物业"芯智慧"打破了社区管理与生活服务的界限,从社区商业运营到社区生鲜电商,再到社区养老服务,保利芯智慧平台成为保利物业双向整合社区业主需求与社区商家资源的技术     

THE FUTURE OF MARKET CAPITALISM

Although market capitalism is currently the dominant type of modern economic system worldwide, it is neither universal, nor uniform, nor unchallenged. Moreover, it could be intentionally or unintentionally undermined .     

AFTER THE GREAT RECESSION: THE FUTURE OF CASINO GAMING IN AMERICA AND EUROPE

The economic recession of 2007–09 had dramatic effects on spending on gambling and, therefore, on a number of major gaming companies, resulting in situations where cash flows were increasingly inadequate to service debt obligations. The recession thus interrupted growth trends in various segments of casino industries in America and Europe, which undermined future growth expectations and potential. This analysis examines economic events and other factors that have affected the casino industry in the last few years, and examines their implications for the future of casino and gaming markets in America and Europe.     

齐聚西部 共商未来——西部中小企业发展论坛在兰州召开

8月26日，第十一届中国兰州投资贸易洽谈会隆重开幕，作为此届兰洽会重大创新活动之一的西部中小企业发展论坛亦于同日举行。此次论坛是在国家发展和改革委中小企业司的大力支持下，由甘肃省人民政府、中国中小企业国际合作协会共同主办。甘肃省省长陆浩致论坛开幕辞，副省长杨志明、国家发改委中小企业司司长苏波，以及关注中小企业发展的国内外专家、企业界代表共同为西部中小企业的发展提出了真知灼见。     

七年前的未来

美大胆,不仅仅是在形容眼前这辆XK—R,它的设计师伊恩·卡勒姆（1an Callum）自始至终也在传递这样一种想法,认为人们驾驭捷豹的感觉应该是心底最美的快感,就像是寻找一种失去理智的理想欲望,这种欲望很单纯,无论是5．OL机械增压的低转速大扭矩,还是车体型面滑过空气的凌厉优雅,都在无限逼近理想状态。     

SHIFTING BOUNDARIES IN ECONOMICS: THE INSTITUTIONAL COGNITIVE STRAND AND THE FUTURE OF INSTITUTIONAL ECONOMICS

This paper aims at contributing to the debate on the future of institutional economics and of the field as a whole by starting from the literature that discusses the relationship between Old‐Original Institutional Economics and New Institutional Economics. It suggests that the process of reunifying OIE and NIE (and evolutionary economics) prompted by part of the literature could be improved by the contribution of the Cognitive Institutional Economics. The paper follows a two‐stage pathway: first, it frames the debate on the relationships between NIE and the OIE and it concentrates on a subset of the literature that shows that NIE's recent developments complicate the distinction between NIE and OIE, and it explores the possibility that NIE and OIE may merge so that an amalgam of NIE, OIE and Evolutionary Economics becomes the next economic paradigm. Secondly, the paper argues that a step forward in the direction outlined by the literature has been made by CIE, which is a research stream that developed from cross‐fertilization among NIE, OIE and the Hayekian contributions to the analysis of institutions. In the concluding remarks, the possible emergence of a single institutional paradigm is discussed in the light of the literature about change in economics.     

DIGITAL MEDIA AND THE ECONOMICS OF CRIME

Digital crime is an area where the application of the economics of crime is complex. In a nutshell, the essential economic problem of digi-crime is the impact of technological progress making transactions costs of enforcement potentially too high, partly because of the low costs of copyright infringement due to technological advance, for there to be substantial amounts of deterrence from punishment.     

MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS IN FAMILY FIRMS: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE AND DIRECTIONS FOR THE FUTURE

Family firms play a significant role in the global economy. Although family firm literature has devoted much time and effort to investigating topics concerning corporate governance, leadership, ownership and succession, accounting issues have received relatively scant attention. In this paper, we assemble and critically review extant literature on the choice of management controls. This is an essential topic for firms as management control systems (MCS) are used to make sure subordinates behave in function of the goals of the firm. Family firms, however, have distinct features, such as differences in governance structures and goals, which can have a significant impact on whether and how MCS are used. We conclude this review paper by providing avenues for future research that can advance our understanding of both the determinants and the outcomes of the choice of MCS.     

我们,以梦想推动写字楼的时代变革

美全·22世纪流线型地标建筑,写字楼的梦想之作三峡石造型建筑,源自人文与自然的灵感峡谷,是山水嘻戏的地方,美全·22世纪,以峡谷为形,作为建筑的基本布局,以两座高塔为山,以三座低矮建筑为浅滩;以步行空间代表流动的江水,从而形成山水情景的瞬间建筑式凝固。山水情节继续演绎,石头通过水的打磨,慢慢形成     

内地企业在香港上市十年回顾和展望

自1993年首家国企以H股形式在香港上市,揭开了香港证券市场大规模为内地企业筹集资金的序幕.十年来,内地企业与香港的证券市场已建立非常紧密的关系,下列的数据可以充分反映两者关系的情况.     

UNION WAGE DIFFERENTIALS IN AN ERA OF DECLINING UNIONIZATION†

ABSTRACT This paper examines the change in union wage differentials in Britain between 1984 and 1990, a period of considerable legislative change and marked decline in unionization. Small falls in union differentials are found for manual workers, together with a sharp decline in the premium associated with, and incidence of, the pre-entry closed shop. The decline in the average differentials is found to be largely due to the inability of unions to establish differentials in new establishments. No link is found between the differential and the probability of closure and no evidence of decline in raw differentials in a matched panel.