Educating voters for protection

This paper analyzes an agricultural pressure group's publicity campaigns for protection of their industry. If the group knows the positive externalities of domestic production of their goods, they may educate voters on these before an election to induce a favored trade policy. Modeling this situation shows that the expenditure on such campaigns is an increasing convex function of the true externalities. It also shows that, when the farmer population is relatively large, a marginal decline in that population makes the per-capita campaign effort more intense; however, when the farmer population becomes small, a further decline makes the effort less intense.     

Educating tomorrow's professionals

This paper begins with the assumption that university educators must continue to encourage students who are bound for professional careers to act responsibly. We describe two particular efforts for exposing students in computer science to the social responsibilities which accompany this career. In describing our specific experiences with students to date, we also comment on the success of these efforts, and offer suggestions for continued success in the future.Robin Cohen has been an Assistant Professor of Computer Science at the University of Waterloo (UW) since July 1984. She was a teaching assistant for the Computers and Society course while a graduate student at the University of Toronto, and currently teaches the Social Implications of Computers course at UW. She is also the Faculty of Mathematics representative on the Advisory Board of the UW Centre for Society, Technology and Values. Her research interests centre on computational linguistics and artificial intelligence. Calvin Gotlieb is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Computer Science and Faculty of Library and Information Science at the University of Toronto. He has worked with computers for forty years, during which his interests have ranged widely. Recently they have focussed on databases, the economics of computers, and social implications. He is the author of more than 90 publications and four books, including Social Issues in Computers (with A. Borodin) in 1973.     

Educating the Global Manager

Abstract

The culturally diverse classroom would seem to be the ideal resource that educators can tap to develop their students' cross-cultural competence and bridge different cultures. However, evidence from the education literature suggests that students typically do not benefit from classroom diversity and that, in general, there is a lack of cross-cultural interactions between different cultural groups on campus. In this paper, we provide an integrated framework for developing students' cross-cultural competence by drawing on the cultural diversity in the classroom. The framework incorporates established and frequently used strategies for developing cross-cultural competence, as well as additional strategies that we have devised (such as diversity audits, self-awareness and ‘other’-awareness tools, student-generated cases and virtual linkages). We explain how this approach uses cultural diversity inherent in the classroom as a basis for students' awareness and understanding of cultural differences, knowledge of other cultures and the application of skills.     

对社会实践育人功能的探讨

社会实践是大学生思想政治教育的重要环节,对于促进大学生了解社会、了解国情,增长才干、奉献社会,锻炼毅力、培养品格,增强社会责任感和历史使命感具有不可替代的作用。高等教育的管理者应深刻认识在大学生中开展社会实践活动的现实意义和长远意义,通过进一步明确社会实践活动的德育功能、智育功能、体育功能和社会适应功能,全面推进社会实践活动,努力形成课堂教育与社会需要相适应的局面,从而培养出大批具有强烈创造欲望和创新能力的人才。     

Educating and empowering consumers to avoid bankruptcy

The US has the highest consumer bankruptcy rate in the world and Utah is the state with the highest rate. Bankruptcy filings are rising rapidly due to uninsured medical expenses, job loss, family break‐up and rising consumer and mortgage debt burdens. Lending standards are extremely lax among mainstream creditors while predatory and sub‐prime lending are growing. Utah State University Extension is addressing this problem by creating a new Extension educator position to focus on financial education and by training county Extension educators to mount an extensive consumer education campaign. The ‘Take Charge of Your Money’ programme, developed by the Extension specialist, is being taught throughout the state by satellite distance education. Each educator is being trained to use the Power Pay debt reduction software developed by two Utah Extension educators. As part of the emphasis on empowerment, consumers are being taught to make their own decisions on debt load rather than accepting credit because it is available. Heavy dependence of lenders on credit scores mean consumers are taking on debt that they do not have the cash flow to repay. Grant money available from the state was used to provide training for an Extension bankruptcy prevention team and to provide funding for laptop computers for Power Pay so educators can take the programme to the citizens at county fairs and other public events. While it is too soon to measure the results of the programme, Utah State University's Cooperative Extension project is an example of an aggressive response to the highest bankruptcy rate in the nation. The bankruptcy prevention team is an example of the power of the Extension Service to extend the resources of the university to improve the quality of life for the citizens of the state.     

Educating limited resource older adults for better choices to lower risk of food insecurity

United States (U.S.) national and North Carolina state data on older adult food insecurity in combination with associated poor nutrition‐related health outcomes point to a critical need for interventions to improve their food security. Nearly 8% of North Carolinians aged 60 and older and 11% of those aged 50–59 are food insecure, placing North Carolina in the top ten states in the U.S. for food insecurity for both age groups. Therefore, the Better Choices intervention was designed to educate limited‐income older adults in ways to manage their meager resources to purchase more and healthier foods. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Better Choices intervention in improving the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of participants concerning their food money resource management. Older adults (n = 453) with ages ranging from 59 to over 90 years participated in 8 weeks of educational programming delivered by educators in 15 participating North Carolina counties. In a cross‐over program design participating counties were randomly assigned to two groups, to create a control for the food money resource management treatment. A three‐points‐in‐time survey supported longitudinal measurement. Independent samples t‐tests showed no significant differences between groups at baseline. Paired sample t‐test results show the intervention was effective with statistically significant improvement of participants' knowledge regarding preparing a healthy meal on a budget, beans as a low‐cost alternative to meat, and the use of unit pricing to compare products to identify the best value. Participant‐developed action plans reflected planned behavior change. Study results show this group of older adults were capable of and willing to adopt new behaviors for a healthier lifestyle. While not a representative sample, the broad applicability of adult learning and planned behavior theories underpinning the program lead us to conclude that the methods and theories applied in this intervention should be of use to educators and practitioners serving limited‐resource older adult populations.     

当代大学生的道德现状与教育引导对策

当下,大学生的德育问题越发爱到各界关注,其重要性不言而喻。然而,当代大学生却存在诸如认知与行为相脱节、学习道德缺失、就业道德认知匮乏等不足。它们的产生往往和家庭教育缺席、高校德育不完善等因素有关。为了扭转现状,高校学生管理者应明确德育目标,丰富其内容,创新其方法,整合其资源,建立起与现代社会形态相协调的德育模式。     

Equality for women?

Many women still perceive men as their superiors in intellect. Although this double standard is dying, it is dying oh, so slowly.     

Self-regulation of sex-role stereotyping: Educating the advertising industry

This study indicates that, even though a massive education campaign has been conducted, knowledge about industry standards for self-regulation of sex-role stereotyping among one group of Canadian advertising practitioners is very low. However, the data suggest that awareness and access to industry standards, once achieved, yield a more positive orientation to self-regulation.

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Selbstreguilierung von Geschlechter-Stereotypen: Die Erziehung der Werbewirtschaft

Zusammenfassung Wie diese Studie zeigt, ist unter kanadischen Werbepraktikern die Kenntnis über Branchenstandards für die Selbstregulierung von Geschlechter-Stereotypen bemerkenswert gering, und zwar trotz einer massiven Aufklärungskampagne, die in diesem Land durchgeführt worden ist. Allerdings deuten die Ergebnisse auch darauf hin, da\ einmal erworbene Kenntnisse solcher Standards und der Zugang zu ihnen zu einer stärker positiven Orientierung gegenüber der Selbstregulierung führen.

     

Incorporating a Short-Term Study Abroad Service Trip for Educating International Entrepreneurship in the BOP Market

ABSTRACT

The bottom of the pyramid (BOP) market has gained importance in international entrepreneurship due to its large market potential. Drawing on the literature of international business education, as well as social entrepreneurship and international entrepreneurship education, we propose a course to educate students how to develop business intimacy with the BOP community. We employ the experiential-learning pedagogical framework and design elements including a short-term study abroad service trip, an entrepreneurship project, and structured reflections. Using both qualitative and quantitative data, we demonstrate that the course facilitates students’ learning in the key areas of international and social entrepreneurship, including the economic and social value of community embeddedness for BOP ventures, the emotional intelligence in interacting with BOP communities, and the attitude toward social entrepreneurship.     

Educating young consumers – a food choice model

It has been acknowledged that it is only by obtaining a more detailed understanding of food choice that people’s diets can be improved. In Northern Ireland, research into food choice has been limited yet the Province has the second highest rate of heart disease in the world, indicating the need for change. This study investigated the food choices of 9‐ to 17‐year‐olds in Northern Ireland and the influential factors. A range of research techniques were employed incorporating both qualitative and quantitative methods, namely observations, focus groups, picture associations, dietary case studies and questionnaires. The research indicated that the dietary patterns adopted by this group are characterized by a high consumption of fat, yet the reduction of fat tends to dominate the overall strategy for the prevention of obesity and lowering the risk of coronary heart disease. In addition, a high consumption of sugar products was evidenced along with a distinct dislike for healthier alternatives such as fruit and vegetables. The ‘skipping’ of meals, especially breakfast and a high prevalence of snacking was also apparent. However, these eating habits were found to be affected by various factors such as age and gender, emphasizing the complex nature of food choice. The findings from this research enabled the development of a model relating to the food choices of 9‐ to 17‐year‐olds in Northern Ireland, highlighting the influential factors and subsequent health implications.     

Educating business schools about safety & health is no accident

This paper summarizes the consequences of safety and health inattentiveness, and reviews four primary dangers in the workplace. In addition, perspectives of employee health and safety are presented from industry and academia which provide the basis for a strong recommendation to include safety and health issues in business school curricula. Wayne H. Stewart's areas of research and teaching interest include Social Responsibility in Management, Entrepreneurship, and International Business. Wayne is currently on the editorial board of the International Journal of Case Studies, and has published in the Journal of Management Learning, as well as participating in several academic conferences. Donna E. Ledgerwood is currently the Secretary for the Southern Management Association. Donna was President of the Southwest Academy of Management in 1993 and served as the Academy of Management's Director of Exhibits/Publisher Relations and Director of Advertising from 1983–1991. Having written one of the first articles on sexual harassment in 1980, Donna serves on the Editorial Review Board for the Journal of Business Strategies and has published in the Labor Law Journal, the Monthly Labor Review, and the Personnel Administrator. Ruth C. May's areas of expertise are International Business, Business Policy and Strategy and International Human Resource Management. Specializing in the transfer of Western management practices to the former Soviet Union, Ruth is currently involved in the development of training programs and privatization processes in central Russia. She has published in the Academy of Management Executive, Multinational Business Review, and Socialist Labor (Russia).     

"准妈妈"服饰的金矿谁来挖

女人什么时候最美？当身体里孕育着一个幼小的生命,母性的光辉由内而外地散发出来的时候,还有谁比准妈咪更美丽呢！“健康、美丽、大方”的孕妇时装是这个时期女性的必要装备,那么就让我们来看看这个市场吧。     

浅析高职国际物流人才英语能力培养策略

物流活动伴随着商流活动区域的扩展日趋国际化,英语也被广泛应用在物流活动中的各个领域,针对高职物流专业英语教学普遍存在的学生学习效果、效率和主动性不佳的问题,探索通过以能力为本位的"首要教学模式"(又称"五星教学模式"),以提高物流英语的教学效能,强化学生在国际物流活动中的英语实际运用能力。     

Educating for Sustainable Fashion: Using Clothing Acquisition Abstinence to Explore Sustainable Consumption and Life Beyond Growth

This paper reports outcomes from a research study whereby fashion-oriented students experienced life where the ability to acquire new clothing was removed. Students volunteered to participate in this experiential learning challenge, titled the Fashion Detox: to abstain from clothing acquisition for 10 weeks and reflect about the experience. This learning experience was characterized by barriers to sustainable consumption, chief among them a range of temptations prompted by inescapable merchandising and marketing strategies, compulsive tendencies, and envy of those who could consume with impunity. Students also indicated many benefits to abstaining from acquisition, such as creativity and self-regulation. This teaching and learning experiment has important implications for the challenges faced by educators who must engage fashion-oriented students in sustainability topics and how these may be navigated.