超声造影诊断脾血管瘤1例

1 病历摘要 女,43岁.常规体检中发现脾内高回声团,大小约1.8 cm×1.7 cm×1.6 cm,边界尚清.CDFI:未见明显血流信号.为进一步确诊行超声造影检查.肘静脉团注造影剂声诺维1.2 ml,采用对比脉冲系列成像技术,实时观察注射造影剂后病灶增强特征,发现病灶增强早期呈细环样高增强,中央无增强,此后造影剂由外向内缓慢充填,至增强晚期全瘤呈均匀高增强,与周围脾组织无明显区别.超声造影诊断:脾血管瘤.     

SPECT/CT检查床常见故障维修及应用案例分析

检查床是医院检查诊断中使用的重要医疗器械.SPECT/CT是核医学常用的检查设备,主要负责影像采集,可以进行全身骨骼显像、淋巴显像等多种常规检查.SPECT/CT检查床基本参与所有的核医学检查项目,是核医学设备的重要组成部分.SPECT/CT检查床轴向运动的精度和可靠性是核医学SPECT/CT正常运行和检查显像图像质量...     

16排螺旋CT在膀胱移行细胞癌中的应用

目的:探讨16排螺旋CT对膀胱移行细胞癌的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析36例经手术病理证实为膀胱移行细胞癌癌患者的CT及临床资料。结果:36例术前CT检出33例,3例未见异常。CT表现为局限性膀胱壁增厚7例,呈菜花状向腔内突出23例,乳头状突向腔内6例;增强扫描肿块均有不同程度强化。结论:16排螺旋CT对膀胱移行细胞癌的诊断有其独特的优越性,临床应用价值较高,可在临床推广应用。     

多层螺旋CT在肛门直肠周围脓肿术前诊断中的应用49例分析

目的 探讨多层螺旋CT在肛门、直肠周围脓肿的术前诊断中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的49例肛门、直肠周围脓肿患者资料.结果 49例肛门、直肠周围脓肿患者术前CT发现脓肿共有56处之多,厚壁脓腔49例,含气40例,周围结构欠清晰49例.按细菌感染分:大肠杆菌43例,其他厌氧菌3例,链球菌2例,葡萄球菌1例.所有病例手术后与术前CT判诊、定位吻合.结论 多层螺旋CT在肛门直肠周围脓肿术前定位、诊断及预后有较高的临床价值.     

鼻咽癌48例影像学诊断分析

目的 探讨鼻咽癌的影像学诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析重庆市梁平县人民医院2007-01-2010-12经手术和病理证实的鼻咽癌的CT、MRI表现.结果 48例鼻咽癌表现为鼻咽腔变形不对称,鼻咽侧壁增厚,软组织肿块,继发炎症:乳突炎,鼻窦炎等,颅底骨质破坏及颅内侵犯,淋巴转移等.结论 CT、MRI是诊断鼻咽癌较理想的方法,MRI更准确地显示鼻咽癌的部位、大小、范围、浸润深度以及淋巴结肿大.     

提高CT机低对比分辨力和空间分辨力的检定准确度

医用诊断计算机断层摄影装置X射线CT辐射源（以下简称CT机）的低对比分辨力和空间分辨力是CT机两项最重要的技术指标，它反映了CT机对病灶分辨的清晰程度。在检定该两项分辨力时存在一些影响因素，必须注意分析并采取相应的方法，才能准确测量出该两项分辨力，去伪存真得出正确的结论。     

肩关节后脱位6例分析

目的 讨论和分析肩关节后脱位的诊断和治疗方法.方法 回顾性分析自2005-03-2010-08保定市涞源县医院收治6例肩关节后脱位及其诊疗经过.结果 经手法整复后,CT证实脱位已复位,肩关节解剖关系恢复正常.结论 肩关节后脱位容易造成误诊和漏诊.骨科医师应该充分掌握该病的诊断要点,详细查体,仔细阅读X线片,有异常及时查肩关节CT,以减少误诊及漏诊.     

假劣兽药简易鉴别法

假劣兽药简易鉴别法１．兽药成品出厂时应有标签和说明书。标签应注明产品名称、规格；生产厂名、地址；注册商标、批准文号、批号、批次、有效期；剧毒标记等。说明书上应标明有效成分及含量；毒副反应、禁忌、注意事项、储存条件等。标签或说明书上没有或缺少上述部分内...     

台式水银血压计常见故障检查及维修方法

随着我国经济的飞速发展，人民生活水平日益提高．更多的人关注着身体的健康。医疗计量器具，作为具有科技含量的现代化诊疗设备被广泛应用于临床诊断与治疗中，如：CT、B超、X光机、心电图机和血压计等．这些医用计量器具的量值直接被用于病情的诊断和治疗。因此．医用计量器具的准确与否。直接关系到人们身体的健康和生命安全。     

浅谈油中溶解气体分析法在梅州电网的应用

通过对变压器油的特性分析,说明油中溶解气体分解法检测、诊断变压器等充油电气设备内部潜伏故障的机理,列举了在实际工作中正确诊断、正确消除缺陷的例子,介绍了油中溶解气体分析法在梅州电网检测、诊断故障时综合判断的具体应用,并根据工作技术经验总结提出了实际工作中使用变压器油中溶解气体分析判断时应注意的问题。     

浅谈建筑装饰材料在室内设计中的应用

装饰材料的种类繁多,性质丰富,质感多样,形成了效果各异的色彩视觉与情感效应,不同性质的材料在室内设计中的应用有着不同的效果,在设计中应注意对比与和谐的统一,和谐体现永恒的美,对比产生生命的灵气。文章对各种不同材料属性在室内设计中的应用做了一个较为全面的论述。     

The long‐run effect of government ideology on economic freedom

According to popular attitudes in Western democracies, the choice between right‐wing and left‐wing parties is a choice between socialism and unbridled free markets. In contrast, the cold and staid research of academia has frequently concluded that particular political parties do not really matter, as whichever party is elected will be closely tethered to the will of the median voter. This article considers the effects of the ideology of parties in power over the long run (1928–95) on economic freedom in subsequent periods. Right‐wing governments are found to have modest, positive effects on economic freedom, but the effects are not particularly robust. The findings here are consistent with others elsewhere, which conclude that there is minor, uneven evidence of an effect. Nonetheless, historically small effects may not be indicative of the future, should these effects be poorly indicative of today's tumultuous political landscape.     

The effects of total factor productivity and export shocks on a small open economy with unemployment

The paper analyzes the dynamic effects of a supply side shock and a demand side shock, which hit an open economy with unemployment. The supply side shock is modeled as a reduction in total factor productivity, whereas the demand side shock is caused by a drop in exports. The model builds upon the small one-sector two-good open economy framework described in Turnovsky (2000, chapter 11.3). In contrast to this standard framework, in which Walrasian labor markets are assumed, search unemployment and wage bargaining are introduced, and unemployment results from time consuming and costly matching of vacancies with searching agents. Using a plausible calibration of the model, the dynamic adjustments of unemployment, output, and other economic key variables are analyzed. We find that a negative export shock primarily has effects on consumption and welfare, but not on unemployment and output, whereas the supply side shock leads to considerable responses of unemployment, output, consumption and welfare. If both shocks together hit the economy, the changes in consumption and welfare almost double.     

The human side of mechanism design: a tribute to Leo Hurwicz and Jean-Jacque Laffont

This paper considers the human side of mechanism design, the behavior of economic agents in gathering and processing information and responding to incentives. I first give an overview of the subject of mechanism design, and then examine a pervasive premise in this field that economic agents are rational in their information processing and decisions. Examples from applied mechanism design identify the roles of perceptions and inference in agent behavior, and the influence of systematic irrationalities and sociality on agent responses. These examples suggest that tolerance of behavioral faults be added to the criteria for good mechanism design. In principle-agent problems for example, designers should consider using experimental treatments in contracts, and statistical post-processing of agent responses, to identify and mitigate the effects of agent non-compliance with contract incentives.     

School district quality and property values: Examining differences along school district boundaries

Examining differences across school district boundaries rather than school attendance zone boundaries has several advantages. These advantages include being applicable when attendance zones are not available or less relevant to educational outcomes as arises with within district school choice and for examining the effect of factors like school spending or property taxes that do not vary within districts. However, school district boundaries have often been in place for many years allowing households to sort based on school quality and potentially creating distinct neighborhoods on either side of boundaries. We estimate models of housing prices using repeated cross-sections of housing transactions near school district boundaries in Connecticut. These models exploit changes over time to control for across boundary differences in neighborhood quality. We find significant effects of test scores on property values, but those effects are notably smaller than both OLS and traditional boundary fixed effects estimates.     

The differential effects of public R&D support on firm R&D: Theory and evidence from multi-country data

This paper aims to evaluate the effects of various forms of public research and development (R&D) support on firms’ incentives to invest in R&D. First, in order to identify potential channels through which public R&D support influences firm R&D, a formal model of firm R&D with public R&D support is developed and analyzed. Four potential channels are identified: the technological-competence-enhancing effect, the demand-creating effect, the R&D-cost-reducing effect and the (project) overlap (or duplication) effect. These multiple channels indicate that it is difficult to evaluate the aggregate effect of public R&D support and that there are differential effects of public R&D support on firm R&D, depending on various firm- or industry-specific characteristics. Second, the differential effects of public R&D support are empirically tested using unique firm-level data for nine industries across six countries. Public support tends to have a complementarity effect on private R&D for firms with low technological competence, for firms in industries with high technological opportunities and for firms facing intense market competition. In contrast, firms with high technological competence and firms that have enjoyed fast demand growth in recent years show a crowding-out effect, and firm size and age do not show any discernible differential effect.     

Work and family practices in Japanese firms: their scope,nature and impact on employee turnover

Using firm-level data from Japan, this study examines the effects of four commonly used work and family practices on employee turnover: flextime, maternity leave, child care leave, and nursing care leave. Overall, we find statistically significant associations between work and family practices and female employee turnover in Japan. In stark contrast, we do not find such a statistically significant linkage between work and family practices and male employee turnover. As such, this study highlights the potential moderating effect of individual characteristics such as gender on the relationship between work and family practices and employee attitudes and behaviours.     

The role of change agent as mediator in the relationship between HR competencies and organizational performance

Human resource (HR) practitioners, as change agents, are responsible for easing the impact of changes in their organization and to protect employees against the side effects of these inevitable changes. Sometimes, the change helps to produce a significant increase in performance and the company can boost sales and production without additional cost. Several vital competencies that are reviewed in this paper include business knowledge culture management, effective relationship and human resource development skills. Based on the findings of this study, not all competencies are related to the role of change agent. HR practitioners who are unable to function as change agents will inevitably create a barrier against their becoming a well-integrated strategic partner. Therefore, the role of change agent also mediates the relationship between certain HR competencies and organizational performance.     

The (Un-) importance of Chapter 7 wealth exemption levels

This paper examines the effects of the Chapter 7 wealth exemption level on welfare, bankruptcy filings, debt, and on asset holdings. I build a heterogeneous agent life cycle model which features uninsurable income and expense shocks. Moreover, households can borrow and save simultaneously. When a borrower defaults on her debt by filing for Chapter 7 bankruptcy, she can keep her assets up to the wealth exemption level. Wealth exemption levels are important for two reasons. First, they explain the extensive and intensive margin of the credit card debt puzzle. Around thirty percent of borrowers, both in the model and in the data, who borrow at high interest rates simultaneously save at low interest rates. However, these borrowers borrow and save only relatively small amounts, a few thousand U.S. Dollars. Second, ignoring the exemption level biases results because it overstates the costs of defaulting. The welfare gains from Chapter 7 compared to the European system, where debt is not discharged, are twice as high when exemption levels are positive compared to when they are ignored. At the same time, wealth exemption levels are unimportant in the sense that they have an impact only at low exemption levels. The effects of increases in the exemption level fade out very quickly. There is no strong positive relationship between exemption levels, which vary across U.S. states, and default rates in the model. This is in contrast to the previous literature, but consistent with the data. The reason is that those borrowers who might default do not own much wealth. Therefore, only very few households are affected by increases in the exemption level.     

Feedback and incentives: Experimental evidence

This paper experimentally investigates the impact of different pay schemes and relative performance feedback policies on employee effort. We explore three feedback rules: no feedback on relative performance, feedback given halfway through the production period, and continuously updated feedback. We use two pay schemes, a piece rate and a tournament. We find that overall feedback does not improve performance. In contrast to the piece-rate pay scheme there is some evidence of positive peer effects in tournaments since the underdogs almost never quit the competition even when lagging significantly behind, and front runners do not slack off. But in both pay schemes relative performance feedback reduces the quality of the low performers' work; we refer to this as a “negative quality peer effect”.