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1.
农村非正式金融存在的合理性及政府引导   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
邓晶 《金融与经济》2005,(12):102-103
由于正式金融不能满足农村经济对融资的需求,各种非正式金融形式应运而生,但这些金融形式却并不是政府所期望的。本文从制度和信息的角度分析了农村非正式金融存在与发展的合理性,认为政府不应强制性地要求用正式金融取代非正式金融,对非正式金融可以在法律规范的基础上加以引导,以保证农村金融市场的有效竞争。  相似文献   

2.
农村金融体制改革思路   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
目前,我国农村金融制度的改革相对滞后,在一定程度上制约了农村金融乃至整个农村经济的发展,为此,应转换思路,加快农村信用社的产权制度和组织制度改革,推动农村金融组织向多元化,农村金融市场向规范化方向发展。  相似文献   

3.
党的十六届五中全会提出了建设社会主义新农村的重大历史任务,为做好当前和今后一个时期的"三农"工作指明了方向.当前,制约"三农"问题解决的主要因素之一是农业资金的短缺,而农村非正式金融制度的存在是对农村正式金融制度供给不足的有力补充.本文主要从非正式金融兴起的原因、引起的社会效应以及针对非正式金融的对策建议展开分析.  相似文献   

4.
引入关系型融资,可以为破解农村领域的融资困境提供一个全新的思路。论文基于对关系型融资的内涵、效应、组织基础及外部环境等内容的理论考察和对农村金融运行特征的概括分析,进而提出,应将关系型融资的理念引入农村金融领域,充分发挥正式金融与非正式金融这两种不同制度安排的比较优势,重新构建一个从农户——农村金融机构——非正式放贷人——农户之间的内生性农村金融运行机制。  相似文献   

5.
近年来,在深化农村金融体制改革中,已经逐步确立了农村信用社在农村金融体系中的基础地位,明确了农村信用社是农村金融的生力军,尤其是国有商业银行在农村的机构收缩后,支持农民、农业和农村经济发展的重任将主要落在农村信用社肩上.但是,在贫困地区,一方面由于农村经济基础差,资金匮乏,且使用效率低,制约了农村信用社的发展;另一方面也由于农村信用社经营发展"方向"错位,经营管理体制落后,金融资产质量低下等问题,大大削弱了农村信用社服务"三农"、支持农村经济发展的能力.因此,客观地分析贫困地区农村信用社发展中存在的问题,探索贫困地区农村信用社如何走出经营困境的思路,就成为目前农村信用社改革、发展、壮大的必然课题.  相似文献   

6.
中国的农村金融分为正式金融和非正式金融。非正式金融在农村地区有着自己独特的优势,对于中国农村经济的发展有着深远的影响。它的存在主要是因为有相应的经济制度为土壤,有中国传统文化的深远影响,有相对的信息优势做保障,有正式金融的弊病提供的空间。  相似文献   

7.
非正式金融探析   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
非正式金融的主要根源在于金融管制,某些形式的非正式金融可能演变成正式的金融制度,作为正式金融的一个竞争角色,它可能在解决城市中小企业贷款难,农村金融服务落后问题上能够发挥重要作用,对于非正式金融不能一概加以否定,但任其自由发展也不妥,必须加强监管。  相似文献   

8.
在新一轮农村金融改革前,我国农村金融体系还不能满足农村发展的需要,农民、农村中小企业贷款难问题相当严重,健全农村金融信用担保体系对于中国农村存在的"贷款难"问题有着重要的作用。文章主要是从中国农村金融信用担保体系建设问题触发,基于对信用担保制度的正式和非正式的认识,从而构建农村金融信用担保体系。  相似文献   

9.
农村信用社对农村经济的发展有着重要的作用,是农村金融的主要力量,农村信用社在市场经济发展过程中面临着良好的发展和改革的机遇.农村村信贷风险较大,信贷管理以及相应业务人员是素质影响了农村信用社的发展.农村信用社应根据自身发展状况,调整发展的人才培养以及电子化建设以及提高信贷风险管理实现对农村信用社的信贷风险的有效管理和控制,实现农村信用社的风险防范和制度改革,促进农村信用社稳定持续发展.  相似文献   

10.
农村信用社支持“三农”经济发展,构建农村和谐社会,谋求自身发展,首先要有农村金融生态环境的支撑.但是,农村经济落后,农村资金匮乏,农民收入不高,农村信用社遇到筹资环境差,贷款风险高,权益维护难,业务发展慢等一系列问题,导致农村金融生态环境陷入恶性循环,严重影响农村信用社的改革与发展和社会主义和谐社会的建立.改善农村金融生态环境,促进农村信用社的改革与发展,构建农村和谐社会,需要政府、农村信用社和农民三方面共同努力。  相似文献   

11.
I.F. Clarke 《Futures》1985,17(2):170-184
With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.  相似文献   

12.
融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.  相似文献   

13.
银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…  相似文献   

14.
Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.  相似文献   

15.
在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.  相似文献   

16.
Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.  相似文献   

17.
一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…  相似文献   

18.
银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.  相似文献   

19.
The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.  相似文献   

20.
Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.  相似文献   

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