Office Capitalization Rates: Real Estate and Capital Market Influences

Focusing on the office capitalization rate, the central objective of this article is to shed light on two sets of issues that have not yet been fully researched. The first involves the importance of local-fixed and time-variant components of the office capitalization rate, and the significance of persistence in its time trends. The second centers on the relative importance of local office markets and the national capital market in shaping the various components of the office capitalization rate. Extensive econometric analysis of capitalization-rate series employed to address these issues highlights the existence of both local fixed and time-variant effects, while indicating differential persistence of time trends across markets. Moreover, such analysis uncovers the pivotal role of specific local office-market traits and the lesser role of national capital-market features in determining office capitalization-rate variations. Such findings on the role of local influences may provide a richer foundation for asset valuation and investment practices.     

Term Structures in the Office Rental Market in Stockholm

This paper contains an empirical study of the rental term structure in a property market that included a dramatic boom and bust cycle. The study is applied to office leases in commercial properties located in Stockholm CBD, Sweden. The time period under study is 1977–1991. The number of observations (lease contracts) that we were able to make full use of in the regression analyses is n=861. For seven out of fifteen years studied, a significant term structure was observed. The estimated hedonic rent equation was also used to construct an office rental index.     

政府采购的市场比较制度研究

政府采购产品和服务相对于政府自我生产具有更高的潜在效率。为验证这一判断,并发挥绩效评估的激励约束功能,在政府采购的实践中,必须对采购绩效进行准确评估。而准确评估的前提就是要有一套客观准确的评估依据。市场效率具有客观实在、现实最优、实时动态、操作性强等特性。运用市场比较制度,可以有效解决评估依据的客观性和准确性问题。该制度利用市场效率,从价格、时效、质量三个方面对政府采购绩效进行比较,其比较结果为政府采购计划控制、过程管控、绩效评估提供依据。     

A Micro Model of the Federal Funds Market

This paper demonstrates that valuable insights into the determination of Federal funds rates can be gained through modeling the micro-decisions of market participants. Fed fund demand functions are derived for different bank valuation functions and several implications are discussed. Specifically, it is: (i) possible to rationalize the observation that large banks are net purchasers and small banks net sellers of Fed funds; (ii) to explain the positive spread of Fed funds rates over other short-term money market rates; and (iii) to link the size of this spread to the Federal Reserve's underlying monetary policy strategy.     

Emerging Market Business Cycles: The Role of Labor Market Frictions

Emerging economies are characterized by higher variability of consumption and real wages relative to output and a strongly countercyclical current account. A small open economy model with search‐matching frictions and countercyclical interest rate shocks can account for these regularities. Search‐matching frictions affect permanent income, and increase future employment uncertainty, heightening workers' incentives to save and generating a greater response of consumption and the current account. The greater consumption response feeds into larger fluctuations in workers' willingness to work, while interest rate shocks lead to variations in firms' willingness to hire; both of these outcomes contribute to highly variable wages.     

应计导向政府会计模式的概念框架比较研究--以美国、澳大利亚联邦政府会计为例

20世纪80年代以来,会计基础的选择问题因其对政府财务报告的深刻影响而成为世界各国政府会计变革的焦点.新西兰、澳大利亚、美国、英国、西班牙等国家的中央(联邦)和地方政府会计在不同程度上导入和推行了应计制.从政府会计概念框架的综合有效性出发,对美国和澳大利亚两国联邦政府会计概 念框架进行比较后发现,他们之间存在许多重大差异和分歧.     

外国企业常驻代表机构税收管理探析

外国企业常驻代表机构税收管理具有很多特殊性。本文介绍了外国企业常驻代表机构税收管理的基本内容,并分析了当前税收管理存在的难点,最后就如何加强外国企业常驻代表机构税收管理提出了建议。     

The Effect of Futures Market Volume on Spot Market Volatility

There has been considerable interest, both academic and regulatory, in the hypothesis that the higher is the volume in the futures market, the greater is the destabilizing effect on the stock market. We show that conventional approaches, such as adding exogenous variables to GARCH models, may lead to false inferences in tests of this question. Using a stochastic volatility model, we show that, contrary to regulatory concern and the results of other papers, contemporaneous informationless futures market trading has no significant effect on spot market volatility.     

Security Market Effects Associated with SFAS No. 131: Reported Business Segments

In this study we examine the economic impact of the expected shift from the FASB's segment reporting requirements found in SFAS No. 14 to those found in SFAS No. 131. SFAS No. 131 was the joint effort of the United States' FASB and Canada's Accounting Standards Board (AcSB). It requires firms to report segments based on the firm's internal reporting and management arrangements (the management method) rather than on SFAS No. 14's line-of-business method. One alleged deficiency with the line-of-business method is its flexibility that allowed companies to combine segments. Analysts complained that companies abused this flexibility to conceal information. The management method allegedly is less flexible because companies must report segments externally the same way that they manage them internally. We examine the economic impact of the reporting standard shift by first developing company variables related to the alleged concealment of information under SFAS No. 14. These variables help us to explore why companies combine business segments under the line-of-business method and what costs companies are expected to incur when they are forced to implement the management method. Next we identify a series of dates that chronicle when the market received information about the content of SFAS No. 131. Results of the stock return tests suggest that SFAS No. 131 had a significant impact on firms that previously had the greatest incentives to conceal segment information, consistent with the conjecture that the standard imposed unanticipated costs on affected firms.     

Macroeconomic Determinants of European Stock Market Volatility

In this paper we investigate whether macroeconomic variability can explain time variation in European stock market volatility. We find that unlike the documented case of the USA, in many cases, the time variation in stock market volatility is found to be significantly affected by the past variability of either monetary or real macroeconomic factors. Our findings have important implications for capital and portfolio allocations.     

Subordinated Market Index Models: A Comparison

The paper compares various processes subordinated to the Wiener process tomodel the leptokurtic characteristics of index returns. Empirical analysisis performed on the Dow Jones and Nikkei 225 indexes. A good model to capturethe typical tail behaviour of these indexes turns out to be a long Studentt distributed one.     

地方政府金融办职能定位问题研究

随着地方经济的快速发展,地方政府金融办在促进地方金融发展、配合中央金融监管部门开展工作、落实国家金融调控政策、填补金融监管空白等方面发挥着不可替代的作用。但伴随着金融办职能的扩张,出现了职能边界模糊、人员配备不足、职能冲突等问题。必须合理划定金融办的职能边界,巩固以协调、服务为中心的固有职能,明确以金融监管为中心的扩充职能。剥离融资和金融资产监管职能,并通过立法的方式将金融办的职能范围予以明确。     

我国地方政府平台债与美日市政债的比较及启示

我国《预算法》明确规定地方政府不得发行地方债券,只能通过中央政府代理发行,《贷款通则》和《担保法》禁止地方政府向银行贷款融资和对外担保,因此地方政府实际上无法获取债务融资。同时地方财政收入有限,地方市政基础设施等公共需求旺盛,为了增加外部融资,规避现行法律的限制,地方政府往往通过成立地方政府融资平台对外举债。     

Assessing Selectivity and Market Timing Performance of Mutual Funds for an Emerging Market: The Case of Turkey

This paper derives and analyzes the selectivity and market timing performance of the mutual funds for the Turkish economy for the financial crisis period by employing high-frequency data. The determinants of these derived abilities are investigated within a regression analysis. The results suggest weak evidence about selection ability and some evidence about superior market timing quality. They also indicate that management fees are negatively correlated with the ability measure, which is quite surprising. Experience emerges as an important factor, especially for market timing ability.     

政府职能定位与金融产业市场化——以中国基金业的发展为例

笔者认为，新兴市场的政府负有推动金融市场发展的责任，而繁荣市场最有效的举措是政府主动推动市场化改革，并保持市场化进程的节奏。我国证券投资基金业近几年成功推进市场化进程的案俐论证了笔者的观点。正是监管部门采取了简化审批等渐进式的市场化改革措施，使基金市场充分释放了潜能，实现了超常规增长。以2002～2005年基金业发展的相关数据分析为基础，本文认为，放松管制，简化审批，提高效率，加强监管，是过去几年促进基金行业快速发展的最显著因素。基金业的市场化改革过程及其所揭示的内在规律，对其他金融产业的改革有借鉴作用。     

Predictability of Emerging Market Local Currency Bond Risk Premia

This article investigates the source of predictability of emerging market (EM) local currency bond risk premia by using a dynamic factor approach based on a large panel of economic and financial time series. We find strong predictable variation in EM local currency excess bond returns that is associated with macroeconomic activity. We provide evidence that the main predictor variables are the factors based on real economic activity that are highly correlated with measures of industrial and manufacturing production; however, factors based on global financial factors also contain information about the future local currency bond returns. The predictive power of the extracted factors is both statistically significant and economically important. Our research has important implications for policymakers and pension fund managers.     

Voluntary Disclosure with Informed Trading in the IPO Market

We examine voluntary disclosure and capital investment by an informed manager in an initial public offering (IPO) in the presence of informed and uninformed investors. We find that in equilibrium, disclosure is more forthcoming—and investment efficiency is lower—when a greater fraction of the investment community is already informed. Moreover, managers disclose more information when the likelihood of an information event is higher, more equity is issued, or the cost of information acquisition is lower. Investment efficiency and the expected level of underpricing are non‐monotonic in the likelihood that the manager is privately informed.     

保险市场与资本市场对接模式的国际比较研究

现阶段我国保险业快速发展的瓶颈约束与我国资本市场的结构性缺陷迫切需要借鉴国际上先进的保险市场与资本市场对接经验,从金融深化和金融创新的层面探索适合我国国情的对接模式。本文通过比较美、英、日、德四国的对接模式发现,保险市场与资本市场的和谐对接是资金、产品和制度对接三方面的共融体,是金融市场自然演进与风险资本动态规制的最优范式结合。基于此,我国应在经济、金融微观制度基础变迁的基础上适时选择符合我国国情的具有可操作性和可持续性的对接模式。     

Efficient Markets Hypothesis and the Emerging Capital Market in Sri Lanka: Evidence from the Colombo Stock Exchange – A Note

The behaviour of stock prices on the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) is examined with a view to determine its consistency with the weak form of the Efficient Markets Hypothesis (EMH). Runs, Autocorrelation and Cointegration tests are applied to daily, weekly and monthly CSE index data for the period of January 1991–November 1996. Results of Runs, Correlation and Cointegration tests overwhelmingly reject the serial independence hypothesis, leading to the conclusion that the behaviour of stock prices in the Colombo Stock Exchange is not consistent with the weak form of the Efficient Markets Hypothesis. Tests of the-day-of-the-week-effect, however, show that there is no evidence of such a phenomenon on the Colombo Stock Exchange stock prices. Results of the tests of the-month-of-the-year-effect lead to the conclusion that CSE prices do not display any month-specific behaviour.