中国金融业混业经营趋向与金融监管模式调整

随着全球经济一体化和金融自由化的发展，混业经营将成为国际金融业经营模式发展的基本模式。在这样国际背景下，从分业经营走向混业经营是入世后我国金融体制改革的必然趋势，金融监管模式也必须做出相应的调整。     

国际金融业混业经营趋势与我国的选择

随着全球经济一体化和金融自由化发展,自20世纪70年代开始,金融业混业经营已经成为国际金融业的发展趋势。面对这一浪潮的冲击,尽管中国目前实行混业痉营的时机尚不成熟,但是,金融业混业经营必将成为我国金融业未来发展的必然选择。因此,我国当前要积极创造条件,寻找突破口逐步向混业经营过渡。     

混业经营:入世后我国金融业反展的必然趋势

世界经济一体化,金融全球化的发展引起国际金融业朝着规模经营、金融集团化、综合化、多元化方向发展.1999年11月,美国众参两院以压倒多数通过了<金融服务现代法案>,这标志着美国金融业分业模式的终结和混业模式的开始,也表明混业经营已成为世界金融业的发展趋势.然而目前,我国金融业的经营模式还是分业经营、分业管理,这是我国基于防范金融风险和加强金融监管的需要,是我国从计划经济向市场经济转变,快速、平稳地建立起完善的多元化的金融市场体系必经的一个阶段.面对世界性的金融变革,面对刚刚加入WTO的现状,我国金融业是继续采取分业经营,还是迎合国际潮流采取混业经营呢?这就不得不引起我们深深地思考.本文认为,加入WTO后,为了迎接国内外金融业的激烈竞争,也为了我国金融业的稳健经营和发展,我国金融业经营模式的选择必然是"混业经营".     

国外金融混业经营模式的启迪

随着全球经济一体化和金融自由化的发展,混业经营已成为国际金融业发展的主导趋向。在这样的国际背景下,从分业经营走向混业经营是入世后我国金融体制改革的必然趋势。为此,寻找一个有效的经营模式,使之能适应我国金融发展的需要,增强我国金融主体的竞争力,为发展我国经济提供强有力的保障,显得尤为重要。     

现代商业银行混业经营思考

金融国际化、金融信息化和金融自由化的发展是国际经济一体化以及信息经济发展的客观结果,伴随着这些客观结果连同金融创新与金融监管体制的改革,金融混业经营已在世界范围内形成一种趋势。目前我国金融业实行分业经营模式,本文从国际金融业经营模式发展历程出发,结合我国金融环境现状,进行分析对比并提出了对我国金融业经营模式的发展方向的思考。     

应对混业经营:中国金融监管的现实问题及对策

国际金融市场上,商业银行和投资银行大都经历了"融合-分立-再融合"的发展过程.进入上世纪90年代,世界金融业购并浪潮风起云涌.一向坚持分业经营的美、日等国纷纷解除禁令,鼓励其大中型银行向混业经营方向发展.美国1999年通过<金融服务现代化法案>,标志着金融混业经营已成一种趋势.伴随国际经济一体化的加深,可以预期,混业经营将成为国际上各国金融业经营模式发展的基本模式.从长远来看,中国金融业最终将融入全球竞争之中,与世界各国集银行、保险、证券等金融业务于一身的金融巨头进行角逐.     

金融类上市公司财政监管研究

一、金融类上市公司监管体制弊端分析经济全球化和金融国际化的趋势要求我国金融的发展与之相适应,全球竞争促进了金融业的变化,使金融综合经营的趋势更加明显。受国际趋势的影响,我国现行的分业监管体制已出现与国际金融一体化趋势不适应之处。     

金融危机背景下我国金融业实行混业经营的思考

随着全球金融一体化的不断推进,混业经营已成为国际金融业发展的主导趋向。加入WTO后,特别是过渡期后．我国金融业对外开放的程度不断加强,所面临的金融业竞争也更加激烈。在这样国际背景条件下,要求我国金融业需紧跟国际金融业的发展步伐,适应混业经营的发展趋势。但在关国次债引发的全球金融危机愈演愈烈的形势下。混业经营体制下的风险管理和监管等方面的问题,对我国金融业实行混业经营敲响了警钟。本文试从分析国外金融业经营体制演变历程及关国次债危机对混业经营所产生的影响入手．阐述了我国金融业实行混业经营的背景和所面临的问题．并结合次债危机的警示教训,指出我国当前应当采取审慎推进金融业混业经营的策略。     

我国商业银行混业经营初探

我国即将加入ＷＴＯ ,经济金融运行环境将发生重大变化 ,要使我国的金融业在未来的国际竞争中立于不败之地 ,金融业必须加快改革的步伐 ,逐步融入世界经济金融一体化发展之中 ,本文就中国金融业走混业经营之路谈一些粗浅看法。　　一、金融业分业经营所面临的严峻挑战始于 2 0世纪 30年代以美国为代表的分业经营制度 ,到了 2 0世纪 90年代 ,已很难适应国际金融业日新月异的发展变化。混业经营替代分业经营的势态已在世界各地不断蔓延 ,分业经营将受到严重挑战。我国现行的分业经营体制也不例外。(一 )全球经济金融一体化的浪潮不断高涨 ,国…     

混业经营趋势下关于我国金融监管的研究

随着金融一体化和金融创新的不断发展,混业经营已成为金融业的一种发展趋向。在世界上大部分国家都实行混业经营的国际环境下,金融全球化和金融创新的双重压力使得中国金融业从分业经营走向混业经营变得不可避免。我国目前正处在经济转型重要时期,而金融是经济发展的重要引擎,经济发展的需要也对我国金融业提出了更高要求,所以混业经营应该成为中国金融体制改革的必然选择。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.