基于区间规划方法的不确定性物流网络模型研究

从物流网络的不确定影响因素入手,建立不确定物流网络模型。采用区间规划方法对不确定物流网络模型进行求解,探究不同决策系数及不同最大偏差对物流网络模型的影响。结果发现:风险系数的增加,导致目标函数区间解的上下界增加,最大偏差的增加,则导致目标函数区间解的不确定性扩大。     

不确定条件下区间土地利用结构优化配置模型

土地利用系统中存在大量的不确定性,但在传统的土地利用结构优化配置模型中未被考虑。基于一个区间数学规划方法,开发了一个不确定条件下区间城市土地利用优化配置模型。首先,模型能处理土地利用系统中表现为离散区间值的不确定性;其次,模型能在不确定条件下检验系统约束条件的满足程度;再次,模型不仅考虑了经济因素,还考虑了环境和生态因素。将模型应用于武汉市土地利用结构优化配置实践,结果表明:要从土地系统中获取更大经济效益,就要付出相应的环境和生态代价。模型在不确定条件下定量分析了土地利用结构优化配置的多种方案,为决策者提供了良好的决策参考。     

不确定环境下集装箱码头的扰动管理

探讨了不确定环境下集装箱码头的扰动管理问题.对集装箱码头生产作业面临的不确定因素进行了分类和影响分析,提出了处理不确定因素的策略和扰动管理的体系框架;利用清晰集(凸集、区间等)、随机变量和模糊集等对集装箱码头面临的不确定因素进行了数学描述,在此基础上,阐述了鲁棒调度模型的建立和求解技术.     

基于区间数的航空兵场站油料保障能力评估模型研究

基于区间数理论,建立了航空兵场站油料保障能力的不确定多属性评估模型,阐述了各评价指标权重的确定方法,得出了基于理想点对航空兵场站油料保障能力进行评估的方法.该方法具有原理清晰,结果可靠的优点.     

基于稳定性的列车运行计划编制模型与算法

将编制铁路列车运行计划(运行图)问题归结为不确定决策问题范畴.引入灰色规划建模理论构建模型.针对模型不确定性,求解复杂件的特点,将灰色模拟技术和遗传算法相结合,提出了求解灰色机会约束规划模型的模拟方法.最后以京津客运专线为实例证明了模型和算法的有效性.     

基于模糊优化模型下的IPO估值区间确定

针对投资者对新股内在价值的异质评估,论文采用可比公司估值方法,运用模糊优化评估模型对新股和同行业可比公司进行综合价值评估,确定新股的估值区间,并进行了实证研究.通过实证结果与初步询价区间比较表明,在预期需求过剩的前提下,机构投资者为追求更高的回报和规避"赢者诅咒",在初步询价阶段,有有意压低询价区间的激励;运用该评估方法确定新股估值区间,可以在一定程度上消除机构投资者有意压低询价区间而导致的部分抑价.     

基于随机需求的物流配送中心选址离散模型研究

针对物流需求不确定情况下的物流配送中心选址问题,对传统模型进行改进,将随机需求变量引入离散型选址模型,利用随机规划理论和遗传算法对实例模型进行求解。结果显示物流需求不确定情况下的随机规划模型的求解结果比假设已知需求情况下的结果真实可信,所需物流费用较少。     

不确定环境下集装箱码头的扰动管理

探讨了不确定环境下集装箱码头的扰动管理问题。对集装箱码头生产作业面临的不确定因素进行了分类和影响分析,提出了处理不确定因素的策略和扰动管理的体系框架;利用清晰集(凸集、区间等)、随机变量和模糊集等对集装箱码头面临的不确定因素进行了数学描述,在此基础上,阐述了鲁棒调度模型的建立和求解技术。     

战时导弹保障路径的随机规划优化模型

针对战时导弹保障路径规划这一组合优化问题,在分析导弹保障路径优化过程中的不确定性因素的基础上,以时间、可靠度、损耗为置信度,运用网络图及不确定机会约束理论构建了导弹保障路径优化的随机规划模型,并通过具体案例来模拟验证模型的合理性和有效性.     

基于区间数的大学生综合素质多属性群决策方法及应用

目的:针对大学生综合素质属性多样化、不可重复的特性,导致大学生综合素质专家对大学生综合素质评价模糊,决策信息不完备的问题,提出了一种基于区间数的群决策方法。方法:首先,构建了大学生综合素质综合评价指标体系,分析并得到属性指标的权重;结合区间数间距离建立非线性规划模型来确定专家权重;然后,再利用区间数算术加权平均算子将多个决策矩阵进行有效地集结,形成综合决策矩阵,结果:通过建立比较可能度矩阵,利用排序向量法对大学生综合素质评价决策矩阵进行择优排序。结论:实例表明,利用区间数的群决策方法对大学生综合素质进行评价,取得了良好的效果,为大学生综合素质评价这一类复杂的决策问题提供了有效的途径以及可借鉴的方法。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。     

浅谈大体积混凝土裂缝的控制

大体积混凝土的裂缝问题是实际工程中长期困扰工程技术人员的问题,其控制技术的研究是混凝土结构研究的热点问题,具有重大的学术价值和潜伏的工程背景。     

Supply Chain Strategies in the UK Fashion Industry—The Rhetoric of Partnership and Realities of Power

This paper focuses on the fashion industry, one characterised by issues such as dramatic shifts in the scale and power of major retail buyers in the market, the advent of retailer own brands, and the nature of sourcing and supply chain decisions, issues that are increasingly global in nature. The aim of this research is to explore the nature of relationships between UK high street multiple fashion retailers and their contracted suppliers, many of whom are entrepreneurial firms by most definitions of the term. Four core themes emerge from the literature and provide a framework for the research, namely, power, process, partnership, and people. The research approach was qualitative, and conducted over a period of twelve months. The paper ends with an agenda for future research.