Site Value Taxation in a Declining City

A bstract . The relationship is analyzed between the economic decline of a central city and the likelihood that a site value tax will be politically acceptable. Public choice and land use models are combined to generate a scenario of land use changes and changes in improvements to land ratios which determine whether a specific property owner will gain or lose from a revenue-neutral site value tax. A case study is presented which substantiates many of the effects suggested by the model. In general, private and public sector responses to a city's decline result in an atmosphere that is relatively hostile to site value taxation.     

Site Value Taxation on Australia

A bstract . Site value taxation is neither a new nor a strictly western concept. Taxing land based on location was proposed in India around 300 B.C. François Quesnay, David Ricardo and John Stuart Mill were among the economists favoring land taxes but Henry George is credited with bringing it about in several areas, notably Australia. That subcontinent has experimented with the land tax on the national as well as the state and local levels but it is presently used only on the latter two. Empirical tests of the tax instrument are few. Pollock and Shoup (1977) forecast that eliminating the tax on improvements would increase investment levels by about 25 per cent in the long run. Hutchinson (1963) found great differences in house values and stocks. This study evaluates the effects of site value taxation on the basis of multivariate regression analysis. It finds strong evidence that, where improvements are relieved of taxation and more revenues are obtained from land values, the average value of housing is significantly higher and the value of the housing stock substantially larger.     

Taxation and Economic Growth

A bstract The effects of vorious tax policies on economic growth are recx amined on the basis of the recently developed endogenous growth therory The assertion of Henry George that the structure of taxation is more important than the level of taxation in explaining economic growth is elaborated and verified Annual data for Taiwan from 1954 to 1986 shows that the aggregate tax rate does not have significant effect on the long run growth rates of private ouptup, consumption and production factor inputs This result is due to the poostivie effect of consumption taxation offsetting the negative effect of factor taxation on economic growth     

Site Value Taxation and Manvel's Land Value Estimates

Replacement of the existing property tax with a. tax on site value requires that the site value base be sufficiently large to generate the same revenue as the existing tax. The adequacy of the site value base is examined in view of Manvel's land value/property value estimates. The conclusion is that only partial replacement may be feasible in many cases, but this may still produce a desirable effect.     

Site Value Taxation and the Timing of Land Development

A bstract . Recent writers have challenged the traditional view that a tax on site value is neutral, but there is still disagreement as to the effects of the tax. The site value tax affects the timing of land development in that it provides an incentive for landowners to develop land sooner than under a property tax levied on improvements also. Confusion has resulted from a failure to distinguish market value from development value. The incidence of the site value tax must take into account the dynamics of untaxing capital and of the capitalization of the tax increase on land values , as well as of the resulting increase of land supply and its effect in further reducing land values. The increased profitability of capital improvements could then increase land rent from the demand side. Obviously, amidst such dynamic changes, the overall effect on land values and rents is unsettled pending further research.     

深化税制改革 推进经济发展方式转型

中共中央在《关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划的建议》中提出了构建有利于转变经济发展方式的财税体制的重要任务。在回顾了近年来税收超增长、税负高水平与经济转型的现实矛盾以及结构性减税效应的基础上,提出了扩大增值税征收范围、开征环保税、改革个人所得税、加强收入分配调节、推动产业结构调整等建议,以进一步发挥税收推进经济发展方式转型的职能作用,最终构建有利于转变经济发展方式的财税体制。     

政府税收与经济增长的关系

本文讨论了一级政府和多级政府税收与经济增长之间的关系,给出了最优税收的动态模型和最优税收的决定方法。同时,给出了相应的建议。     

生产性公共支出、最优税收与经济增长

本文在严成樑和龚六堂(2009)的基础上将消费性公共支出内生到家庭的效用函数中,在一个DGE框架下求解竞争性均衡问题,以此来考察生产性公共支出和税收对经济增长的影响。结论表明,生产性支出具有正的产出效应;生产性支出对家庭私人消费、公共消费的影响取决于政府设定的平滑税率。根据经验分析可知,生产性支出对经济的促进作用不如人口效应大,其中,基本建设支出并未对经济起到促进作用,可能已凸显出过度投资、重复建设等问题,这一现象在东西部地区更为明显;教育支出的增加促进了经济增长,并且在东中部地区较明显,而在西部地区仍未体现出来。     

A. R. Prest's Investigation of the Case for Site Value Taxation

A bstract . Urban site value taxation —an application to one of the several types of land and natural resources of Henry George's proposals for recapturing for the public's benefit the value its presence and activities accord to land—has been investigated by a leading British fiscal economist, A. R. Prest. He finds that the taxation of urban land is badly in need of reform. Considering the options available, he declares: "With site value rating (land value taxation ) there surely is a very strong case for further experimentation." Professor Prest surveys the whole literature of the question in a strictly objective fashion.     

基于经济附加值(EVA)的企业价值评估体系的研究

经济增加值(EVA)价值评估法是目前在国外比较新的价值评估方法,是指企业税后净营业利润与全部投入资本成本之间的差额,是一种度量企业业绩的指标。它的评估流程包括综合分析、财务预测、评定估算,本文指出了EVA经济理论评估模型在运用中存在一定的局限性,同时给出了相关应用对策。     

铁路运输收入清算制度变迁的经济学分析

铁路运输业和其他网络型行业一样，一个完整的运输工作需要经过多个运输企业、多个运输环节才能完成，而长期以来我国铁路运输一直实行“统一运价、发送核算、一票到达”的财会核算体制，因此，为正确计算各运输企业的收、支、利，必须建立有效的铁路运输清算制度并不断完善。新中国成立以来，我国铁路运输清算制度经历了一系列的变革，而且随着铁路运输总体改革的不断推进，将出台新的清算制度。本文试图用新制度经济学的一些理论对铁路运输清算制度的变迁作一分析和解释。     

构建有利于经济平稳增长的金融体系

本文结合相关理论就金融结构对经济波动的影响机制进行了分析。研究发现,基于金融加速器理论,金融发展水平的提高可以抑制经济波动。当融资方式可以完全替代时,若银行收紧信贷,企业可从金融市场获得融资,信贷总量的减少不会影响企业经营。但当直接融资无法完全代替间接融资时,部分企业不得不依赖于银行贷款,使得外部冲击可以通过银行中介渠道放大对波动的影响。针对跨国面板数据进行的实证分析表明：金融发展对于经济波动的影响具有不确定性;市场主导型的金融结构有利于降低波动。     

经济增长和产业结构对广西财政收入影响的实证分析

文章通过建立回归模型.分析经济增长和产业结构时广西财政收入的影响.分析得出经济增长和产业结构对广西财政收入有着显著影响,据此提出对策和建议.     

经济增长和产业结构对广西财政收入影响的实证分析

文章通过建立回归模型,分析经济增长和产业结构对广西财政收入的影响。分析得出经济增长和产业结构对广西财政收入有着显著影响,据此提出对策和建议。