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以无患子油为原料,利用自制的掺杂稀土离子的氧化锌纳米纤维固体催化剂催化,以有别于"二步法"的制备工艺,"一步法"完成酯交换反应,生成生物柴油。简化制备工艺,提高效率,降低能耗,制备的无患子生物柴油具有十六烷值高,凝点低的优点。 相似文献
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生物柴油生产技术的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
阐述了生物柴油的成分及其相对于石化柴油在使用上的优良特性,综述了生物柴油生产的原料、催化剂、合成方法和生产工艺等相关研究进展。介绍了国内生物柴油技术的应用及产业发展概况,并对生物柴油在中国的应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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以西昌会理县产青皮软籽石榴果渣为原料,对其中的黄酮类物质进行提取。在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验方法,确定石榴果渣中黄酮类物质的最佳提取工艺为:提取温度90℃,提取时间3 h,料液比1:15,乙醇浓度80%。此时样品中黄酮类物质含量为2.009 mg/g。 相似文献
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随着中国经济对能源需求的增长以及化石能源所固有的环境污染、温室效应问题,我国近年来开展了一家列以生物柴油为目标的科研与生产。目前其成本计算大多都是基于现有的石化柴油与生物柴油的成本的简单比较,没有考虑到其他的成本因素,如:石油价格上涨可能带来以石油产品为原料的生物柴油原料的成本上升(成本推动效应);石油价格上涨必然带来农产品价格的上升或供应的减少,由于农产品之间存在资源或产品的竞争性,这些农产品价格的上升会从需求方面拉动生物柴油的原料价格上升(需求拉动效应);由于受到农业规模的限制,农业劳动力的转移或结构性限制,油菜籽的供给等其他成本因素也存在一些不确定性;以木本油料植物为原料的生物柴油,存在原料收集、储运成本高等问题。这些因素对生物柴油开发的效应只有在模型的基础上,通过系统的均衡分析才能加以回答。 相似文献
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桂北油茶产业发展现状与前景 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
桂北地区的桂林市土地资源丰富,气候条件适宜,发展油茶产业得天独厚。油茶栽培面积2.83万hm2,年产茶油243万kg;然而目前存在着油茶林逐步老化、群众对油茶林的管理意识薄弱、油茶产品的加工技术落后等方面的问题。通过分析,提出了桂北油茶产业发展的历史、现状、存在问题与建议和发展前景。 相似文献
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Changing linkages between agricultural and energy markets have attracted considerable attention in research and policy discussions during recent years. As one of the largest biofuel markets worldwide, the German biodiesel market is of particular interest. It has grown rapidly since the beginning of the new millennium, with this growth being driven mainly by political interventions. Vertical price transmission channels along the biodiesel supply chain are analyzed in this study. We examine the relationship between diesel and biodiesel prices, and between rapeseed oil, soy oil, and biodiesel prices between 2002 and 2008. Due to pronounced changes in market conditions and the policy framework, a regime‐dependent Markov‐switching vector error‐correction model is used. The regimes are characterized by markedly different price adjustment behaviors. Before 2005 and from late 2007 onward, a regime characterized by the strong orientation of biodiesel prices toward diesel prices dominates. Between 2005 and 2007, biodiesel and rapeseed oil prices are mutually interdependent. Frequent switches between the regimes of the price dynamics during this period indicate a high extent of uncertainty and instability in the market. 相似文献
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Over recent decades, the link between crude oil and agricultural markets has been reinforced following the introduction of biofuels. We use timely measures of (co)variation spillovers to analyze the role of crude oil in shaping price uncertainties of agricultural commodities, which are largely used as biofuel feedstocks. Our sectoral- and market-specific measures distinguish tranquil (1995–2005) and crisis episodes (2006–2015), as well as periods during which either consumption mandates or tax credits were enacted to spur biofuels. During the crisis period, crude oil volatility transmissions account for 16% (20%) of price uncertainties in ethanol (biodiesel) feedstock markets on average. Moreover, we find evidence of enhanced volatility transmissions under tax credit regimes compared with consumption mandates. The results from pooled regressions confirm stronger volatility transmissions by about 12% under the enactment of tax credits. 相似文献
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《国际粮食与农业综合企业市场学杂志》2013,25(2):39-63
Abstract Owing to the suitable natural resource endowments, twelve different oilrelated plants are grown in Turkey making it the largest producer in cottonseed, sunflower seed, cottonseed oil, and margarine in the Mediterranean Basin. However, Turkey has also been a net importer in both oilseeds and crude oils. It is the second largest importer in sunflower seed, sunflower oil, palm oil, corn oil, and third in soybean oil in the region. Using multicommodity partial equilibrium simulation model, this paper analyzes the future consumption and trade patterns in the Turkish oilseed market. The model suggests that the deficiencies in major meals and oils will likely to persist if the present policies are sustained. If the tariff rates are lowered to 0% for sunflower seed and to 12% for sunflower oil, the total vegetable oil disappearance as well as the imports of sunflower oil, sunflower meal, and palm oil will continue to grow. 相似文献