日本、东南亚房地产泡沫的教训及对我国的启示

近年来,我国房地产市场的迅猛发展,成为人们广泛关注的焦点。如何遏制房地产的过热发展,已成为迫切需要解决的问题。本文对日本、东南亚房地产泡沫的教训进行深入地分析,有针对性地提出防止中国房地产市场泡沫的应对策略。     

日本、东南亚房地产泡沫的教训及对我国的启示

近年来,我国房地产市场迅猛发展,已经成为人们关注的焦点。如何遏制房地产的过热发展,促其正常发展,已成为迫切需要解决的问题。本文拟对日本、东南亚房地产泡沫的教训进行深入地分析,并有针对性地提出防止中国房地产市场泡沫的应对策略。     

房地产泡沫与金融风险的防范

一、我国房地产市场泡沫现状 随着大力推进城市化和住房体制改革,我国房地产业迅猛发展,已成为国民经济的支柱产业。然而研究表明,当前我国一线城市房地产市场已经存在泡沫,若不加控制,任其发展,将有可能重蹈20世纪90年代初日本房地产泡沫破灭、2008年美国房地产次贷危机覆辙。     

房地产市场泡沫测度:珠三角实证

准确测度一国或地区的房地产市场泡沫水平和投机程度,是正确认识和有效解决房地产市场相关问题的基础.2008年,我国房地产市场价格在持续快速上涨后出现一定程度的回落,在市场的波动中如何准确测算其泡沫程度值得关注.目前对于房地产泡沫的测度方法不一,本文综合采用多种方法测算珠三角房地产市场泡沫,力求全面准确反映房地产市场真实的泡沫程度和房价合理度.结论显示:珠三角各地市房地产市场都存在不同程度的泡沫,当前的房价不尽合理,首付款和还贷压力均成为抑制市场需求的瓶颈.     

房地产价格指数周期的宏观分析

本文建立了中国房地产价格指数的投机度模型,区分了房地产价格增长的价值和泡沫成分,动态刻画了一个由基本面增长、泡沫推动及价格的价值回归等因素共同作用形成的完整房地产价格周期,定量地研究了现阶段我国房地产的泡沫度及其发展趋势,得出了我国房地产市场泡沫成分对货币流动性高度敏感的结论。通过稳定性测试,我们定量分析了货币政策回归稳健对房地产市场可能带来的冲击,并对地方政府、商业银行及监管部门提供了建议。     

超越房市的救市之争

美国救市实质是在挽救金融危机,而中国只是单纯的提出挽救房地产市场。中国的房地产市场是存在泡沫的,房地产市场持续健康发展,必须挤压出累积的泡沫。因此,人为中断调整只会埋下更大的隐患。我国的房地产市场目前成交量低迷,这正是市场步入自然调整状态的信号。房地产价格的调整可以促使房地产市场回归理性,促进产业间的均衡发展和有利于自主创新。当前,我们应认清房地产市场问题的根本原因,更多地关注市场运行规则和监管机制,而不是纠缠救市之争。     

动态

全球动向美国房地产市场复苏前景依然疲弱互联网泡沫崩溃之后,房地产特别是次级房地产市场成为拉动美国经济增长的重要动力。次贷泡沫崩溃后,美国房地产市场复苏依然缓慢。美国商务部2014年9月发布的8月美国新房销量数据,环比大涨18%,按年率计算为50.4万套,为2008年5月份以来最高     

我国房地产泡沫的生成机制研究

房地产作为关系到国计民生的重要产业,成为拉动消费、刺激经济增长的重要支柱产业,尤其在带动相关产业消费需求的增长和增加社会就业岗位等方面发挥着非常重要的作用。然而近些年房地产市场价格与日攀升,一、二线城市频频出现"地王",房地产泡沫令人担忧。本文主要从五个方面研究我国房地产泡沫的生成机制,并根据泡沫的形成机制给房地产提出了相关的政策建议。     

货币升值与房地产泡沫：日本的教训及启示

1985年9月,欧美5国通过与日本签订《广场协议》逼迫日元升值,由此引发了大量国际游资涌入日本房地产市场,促使日本房地产泡沫生成。随着20世纪90年代初日本房地产泡沫的破灭,日本经济步入长期衰退期。目前人民币升值导致我国房地产市场价格的快速上涨,部分地区房地产泡沫已经开始形成。因此,吸取日本房地产泡沫事件的历史教训,对于推进我国房地产市场健康发展具有重要意义。     

福建省房地产泡沫实证分析

本文以定量分析为主,辅以定性分析,旨在通过对房地产泡沫分析测度,及时把握当前福建省房地产泡沫状况,为房地产经济宏观调控提供决策参考。作者认为当前福建省房地产泡沫明显,局部类型商品房价格泡沫比较严重;房地产市场供求比例失衡,需求快速下滑,观望气氛浓厚,房价缺乏需求支撑面临下跌,泡沫破灭的前兆已显露。提出为防范房地产泡沫破灭,当前房地产经济宏观调控应着力维持市场价格稳定。     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.