有确定保质期物品的扩展EOQ模型研究

研究了有确定保质期物品,零售商应如何制定最优订货策略的问题。以经济订货批量（EOQ）模型为基础,构建了有确定保质期物品在保质期内需求不变,保存期内需求线性时变的需求函数,得到在不允许缺货情况下,订货周期在三种情形下的费用函数解析式,通过分析区间内函数的最优性,求得最优订货周期和最优订货量,并得到单位物品变质损失费对总的平均费用毫无作用的结论。最后通过数值算例验证了模型的有效性,并分析了相关参数的灵敏度。     

A Note on Minimax Mixture of Distributions Free Procedure for Inventory Model with Variable Lead Time

In recent papers, Moon and Choi (1998) and Hariga and Ben-Daya (1999)considered a continuous review inventory model with a mixture of backordersand lost sales in which the lead time, the order quantity, and the reorder pointare decision variables was studied. Moreover, they also develop a minimaxdistribution free procedure for the problem. While the demands of differentcustomers are not identical in the lead time, then we can't only use a singledistribution (such as Moon & Choi (1998) and Hariga & Ben-Daya (1999))to describe the demand of the lead time. Hence, we correct and extend the modelof Moon and Choi (1998) and Hariga and Ben-Daya (1999) by considering thelead time demand with the mixture of distributions. In addition, we also applythe minimax mixture of distributions free approach to the model by simultaneouslyoptimizing the order quantity, the reorder point, and the lead time to devise a practical procedure which can be used without specific information on demand distribution.     

两级库存供应系统的需求随机型EOQ模型研究

结合军事器材总部-地区两级库存-运输的供应模式以及消耗速率的随机性,基于EOQ模型分析了各级库存的费用结构,采用实例验证的方法探讨了随机需求型两级库存供应系统的订货配送周期优化途径。     

具有模糊—随机性的易腐货品最优补货策略

结合易腐物品的变质特点,考虑不确定环境下配送中心以固定周期为连锁门店送货、连锁商单位时间需求为模糊变量的分销系统,通过利用三参数Weibull函数来描述易腐货品的变质特性,运用可信性理论的逆模糊化和随机理论,建立了模糊-随机下的每周期易腐货品的最优补货策略模型。借助MATLAB得到了求解最优补货策略的方法,并通过仿真模拟验证了方法的合理性。     

需求受价格和库存影响的非立即变质物库存模型

对于非立即变质类的物品,考虑它的需求率同时受价格和库存的影响,当库存大于一定量时,需求只受价值影响;小于一定量时,需求同时受价格和库存影响.在不允许缺货,且补充率为无穷的情况下,建立了单周期的库存模型,证明了其最优解的存在性,并给出了寻求最优库存策略和最优销售价格的方法.     

基于复合分布需求模型的库存管理的研究

运用概率论相关理论,针对需求量为离散和连续的两类情况,深入研究了一般复合分布的需求模型;基于矩母函数特性,给出了需求总量的分布形式及库存最优解的算法;并结合实例,将其应用于库存管理决策问题中。     

基于泊松分布的需求预测模型设计

研究的目的是运用有效的方法来提高需求预测的准确性,从而优化物料库存控制,以解决当前困扰生产企业的库存管理难题。通过分析物料的消耗规律,运用管理科学的理论与方法建立了基于泊松分布的物料需求模型,利用时间序列法对主要参数进行科学计算。研究的需求预测方法能够较好地解决库存控制中存在的计划问题,具有较强的可操作性,对提高企业库存管理水平具有很好的指导作用。     

预订销售和单斜坡型需求下变质物品库存策略研究

在供应商全程提供产品预订且允许取消预订的条件下,建立了单斜坡型需求的变质产品库存模型,其中,变质率为常数,取消预定率与时间成反比,考虑了预定销售所提供的价格折扣对现货需求的影响,也考虑了价格折扣对预定销售的提增作用,通过对模型的分析,验证了模型最优解的存在性和唯一性,给出了最优解的求解算法,并通过数值例子来验证模型和算法的有效性,研究结论能较好地对预定销售下单斜坡型需求产品的库存进行决策,具有较好的应用价值.     

基于Arena的随机需求和随机提前期二级库存仿真优化

讨论了由一个供应商和多个经销商组成的二级库存优化问题,该系统中每个经销商的客户需求以及供应商和经销商的订货提前期都是随机的,供应商和每个经销商都采用(T,s,S)混合策略进行库存管理。首先建立了该二级库存系统优化问题的数学模型,然后设计了解决该问题的仿真流程并基于仿真软件Arena建立了仿真模型,通过对由一个供应商和三个经销商所组成的二级库存系统的仿真实验表明,利用计算机仿真方法能够很好地解决随机需求和随机提前期的二级库存系统优化问题,其所得结果更贴近实际系统。     

基于灰色评判的低需求型车辆器材需求函数确定模型

为解决器材管理人员在确定低需求器材需求分布函数时没有进行假设检验而采用过于主观的方法从而导致需求预测不准的的问题．本文运用模糊灰色评判的方法构建了低需求车辆器材需求函数确定模型。并通过实例验证了其正确性和可行性。事实证明该方法可充分刺用灰色理论在处理小样本数据和模糊数学的优点来较客观的确定器材的需求函数．从而有效提高预测效率。     

物流配送路径优化问题的模型及改进混合算法

在建立带有时间窗的物流配送路径优化问题数学模型的基础上．构造了求解该问题的遗传模拟退火混合算法。该混合算法利用了遗传算法较强的全局搜索能力和模拟退欠算法较好的局部搜索能力,克服了两种算法各自在寻优方面的不足,使其在全局最优搜索和计算速度方面都有了很大的提高。最后经仿真试验证实了混合算法解决物流配送路径优化问题的优越性。     

基于合作博弈的我国石油公司间竞合利益分配模型的构建与应用

论文运用合作博弈的理论与方法,构建了我国石油公司间竞合利益分配模型,并利用目前通行方法确定模型的求解方法,通过对某区块石油开发项目的数据进行简化,进行了利益分配模型的实证研究。     

考虑交通区位的物流配送中心选址模型及求解

从交通运输系统的角度出发,物流配送中心选址在考虑物流规划部门与客户之间利益分配问题的基础上。还应该考虑到交通区位优势给物流配送中心运营带来的便利性。在已有双层规划模型的基础上进行改进,通过在模型中设立相关参数来描述交通区位产生的影响。建立了考虑交通区位的物流配送中心选址双层规划模型,同时还考虑到竞争的存在。笔者设计了基于遗传算法的模型求解算法,最后通过一算例来对比验证模型及其算法的可行性。在物流配送中心选址时利用交通区位优势能大大提高其运营效率及效益。     

Stakeholder Governance for Responsible Innovation: A Theory of Value Creation,Appropriation, and Distribution

In the face of intractable societal grand challenges, organizations increasingly resort to responsible innovation – that is, they pledge to create value for multiple stakeholders through developing new products or services that avoid doing harm and improve conditions for people and the planet. While the link between responsible innovation and societal improvements has been established, organizations pursuing responsible innovation lack governance mechanisms to guide the allocation of the value created – both economic and social – among heterogeneous stakeholders, in line with their responsible intent. We combine the value-based strategy and stakeholder perspectives and infuse a deliberative process to design a three-stage model of value allocation that rests on three key organizational decisions: i) what value to create and for whom, ii) how to appropriate the value created vis-à-vis unintended value appropriators, and iii) how to distribute the value appropriated among intended stakeholders. We propose a framework of stakeholder governance comprised of four novel mechanisms by which organizations can allocate value among their multiple principal stakeholders as part of participative processes. Our study contributes to responsible innovation and corporate governance research by unpacking how new value is managed to solve societal grand challenges.     

Shifts in the Demand and Supply of Skills in the OECD: A Single‐Index Model with a Continuous Distribution of Skills*

This paper proposes a one‐dimensional index for the gap between the demand and supply of skills; this index can be estimated based on the labour market performance of groups defined with characteristics (e.g. education) that are only imperfectly correlated with labour market skills. Using data from five European countries and the US, we find that the relative demand for skills has increased more than the relative supply in the US and UK during the 1980s but not in other European countries. However, the gap between relative demand and supply increased in Italy and the Netherlands from the early 1990s.     

我国中小型FMCG企业物流配送模式选择——基于FAHP模型的比较分析

与大多数行业一样FMCG行业的“第一利润源”和“第二利润源”几乎挖掘殆尽。因此,如何从物流这个环节进行挖掘新的利润增长点是FMCG企业,尤其是中小型FMCG企业必然需要面对的问题。而配送模式的选择在FMCG企业的成本节约上扮演着重要的角色,通过选择合理的物流配送模式将有助于提高中小型FMCG企业绩效。     

生鲜加工配送中心采购加工管理作业流程研究

生鲜加工配送中心管理机构的设置和生鲜采购加工管理作业流程对降低生鲜加工配送中心成本、提高其利润有着十分重要的作用,本文着重针对浙江农华优质农副产品配送中心生鲜作业流程的优化进行了研究.     

The Effect of Sample Size on the Mean Efficiency in DEA with an Application to Electricity Distribution in Australia,Sweden and New Zealand

This study examines the effect of sample size on the mean productive efficiency of firms when the efficiency is evaluated using the non-parametric approach of Data Envelopment Analysis. By employing Monte Carlo simulation, we show how the mean efficiency is related to the sample size. The paper discusses the implications for international comparisons. As an application, we investigate the efficiency of the electricity distribution industries in Australia, Sweden and New Zealand.