本币国际化:理论和现实的困局及选择北大核心

货币国际化是国际金融领域关注的重要议题。本文梳理了货币国际化面临的理论困境和现实挑战,研究了本币国际化的收益和成本,剖析了主要国际货币职能分布特征及驱动因素,探讨了人民币国际化面临的主要挑战。本文的研究结果表明:逆全球化和地缘政治风险上升使本币国际化外部条件改变,传统国际化路径面临挑战。本币国际化有利于降低交易成本,形成铸币税收益,提升货币发行国的政治影响力;但同时会加大宏观调控难度,加剧投机资金对金融稳定冲击,并可能陷入“特里芬难题”。受经济实力、对外经贸关系等因素影响,主要国际货币职能发挥存在明显的非对称特征。当前,人民币国际化面临国际货币惯性阻碍、西方主导的多边治理规则制约、国内企业与金融机构竞争力较弱等挑战,应客观看待人民币国际化进程,权衡职能选择,科学谋划未来发展路径。     

中国农业银行副行长潘功胜:商业银行是推动新兴产业发展的重要动力

支持战略性新兴产业符合银行业自身的利益第一,战略性新兴产业为商业银行提供了实现信贷资源战略性配置的契机。信贷业务在未来很长一段时间内将是我国商业银行的主要业务。当前我国商业银行信贷投放主要集中在传统产业,随着国际产业分工的调整和国内产业结构的升级,银     

全球价值链分工对我国装备制造业影响及对策研究

全球价值链的理论的不断升级,带来了整个国际体系内的格局的调整,国际内的产业间分工也转化为产业内的分工。我国装备制造业在整个国际分工调整后,面临着新的挑战和机遇,认识并有效利用全球价值链分工对我国装备制造业在的影响,能够更好的促进我国装备制造业的发展。     

基于产业链分工视角的中国与东盟国家的产业升级

在全球化背景下研究中国与东盟同家的产业发展问题,实际上是强调各国通过识别产业链战略环节,根据自身已有条件米找到最合适的切入点或价值环节,突破价值链升级的瓶颈,存根据产业链的增值路径来安排未来产业发展战略基础上,实现产业结构渊整和升级.本文分析了中国与东盟国家产业的贸易竞争力指数,从产业链分工视角探讨中国与东盟国家的产业升级问题,并指出应通过建立良好的协作分工体系,实现中国乃至整个东盟地区的产业结构升级.     

金融创新与产业集群转型升级研究——以浙江为例

在产业集群的升级过程中,金融创新以资金和服务的双重支持为集群企业的成长提供动力.本文将在研究浙江产业集群的升级路径、金融创新推动产业集群升级机制的基础上,设计一套完整的金融创新体系来更好地推动浙江产业集群的转型升级.     

浅析我国企业FDI产业的选择战略

FDI的产业转移对我国的产业结构调整起到了非常重要的作用,本文结合我国企业对外投资产业结构不合理的问题,提出必须制定民营企业对外投资产业．选择的结构战略和政府支持战略,提高我国产业的国际竞争力和国际分工地位。     

浅谈中国经济发展中的外贸发展

在经济全球化、贸易与投资自由化的驱动下,抓住加入世贸组织和世界产业转移的机遇,积极参与国际分工与合作,充分利用国内外两种资源和两个市场,大力发展出口贸易,加快国内产业结构调整与升级,促进出口商品结构优化。     

商业银行推动产业转型升级的路径研究

产业转型升级是实现高质量发展的重点,是优化中国产业结构和推动经济可持续发展的关键支撑。高效的金融体系在产业转型升级中具有不可替代的作用,在当前以银行业为主导的间接融资体系中,商业银行在推动产业结构优化与升级中发挥着至关重要的作用。本文结合中国产业发展现状、商业银行支持产业发展的传导机制以及商业银行在支持产业转型升级中面临的问题与挑战,进一步探讨商业银行支持产业转型升级的路径。从商业银行金融服务的行业配置策略、产业差异化发展的区域布局策略以及金融服务的配套保障措施三个维度进行深入阐述,为商业银行支持产业转型升级提供政策建议。     

金融支持中国与东盟新成员国劳动密集型产业分工与合作研究——以纺织服装业为例

以劳动密集型产业中最具代表性的纺织服装业为例,对比分析中国与东盟新成员国纺织服装业竞争力及其影响因素,并对中国一东盟自由贸易区对中国与东盟新成员国纺织服装业分工与合作的影响进行探讨,最后提出金融支持中国与东盟新成员国纺织服装业分工与合作的政策建议,包括:积极支持"走出去"发展战略;支持产业结构调整,促进中国纺织服装业等劳动密集型产业结构升级;支持中国东部地区纺织服装业向中西部地区转移.     

金融促进产业结构升级机制的理论思考

影响产业结构升级的因素很多,一般认为,社会需求是产业结构升级的市场导向;科技进步是产业结构升级的直接动力;制度安排是产业结构升级的体制保障;资源供给是产业结构升级的物质基础。那么金融能否在在产业结构升级过程中发挥作用,金融又是通过何种机制促进产业结构调整？我们认为,在产业结构升级任务十分繁重的中国现阶段,从理论上厘清金融促进产业结构升级的机制,对增强金融部门支持产业转型的主动性、自觉性和针对性具有十分重要的现实意义。本文拟从理论层面对金融促进产业结构升级的机制进行探讨。     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.