产业集群效应的经济学分析

本文从产业集群形成机制与发展动力的角度出发,阐明了集群成为企业有效组织形式的原理在于它具备集群的集聚经济效应。同时从规模经济、交易费用、范围经济、协同效应等角度对产业集群的集聚经济效应进行了理论上的分析阐述。产业集群的群居性促使产业集群具有单个企业所不能拥有的集聚经济效应。企业在既定的条件下要想获得更大的规模效益,产业集群是切实可行的方案。     

产业集群物流特性的经济学分析

近年来,产业集群已经成为我国区域经济发展重要方式。产业集群的快速发展需要合适的物流系统予以支撑,而产业集群的发展又有力地推动了区域物流的发展。产业集群与物流在发展过程中呈现出互动发展的关系。于是,产业集群物流研究也开始受到重视,并取得了一些成果,但反映物流系统本质的特性研究却并不深入。据此,本文以经济学视角深入分析了产业集群物流特性的实质,内涵及其影响因素,得到了关于产业集群物流的进一步认识。     

产业集群竞争优势的经济学与管理学分析

产业集群竞争优势的来源有多种看法,主要分为经济学家和管理学家的看法,从经济学和管理学两个方面来分析产业集群竞争优势的来源。经济学家主要是从外部性、分工、交易成本、信息、产业价值链和竞合理论来分析产业集群的竞争优势。管理学家则是从波特的钻石模型以及资源、能力和组织理论来分析产业集群的竞争优势。     

产业集群的动力机制与竞争优势分析

产业集群的动力机制把集群原有的生产要素转变成了集群的竞争优势,使集群在竞争处于有利地位.本文描述了产业集群的动力机制构成以及产业集群的竞争优势,同时指出了两者之间的相互关系.     

企业集群现象的经济学分析

企业集群是一些既自主独立又相互关联的中小企业依据专业化分工和协作建立起来，以一个主导产业为核心，在地域空间上集聚，并形成强劲、持续竞争优势的现象。根据主要论述的企业集群的特点，分析企业集群优势的经济学效益，并通过对集群内(或区域内)企业建立的区域形象品牌，及区域形象品牌的公共物品属性和区域形象品牌对企业品牌的外部性的研究，提出了相应的对策。     

区域物流产业集群形成和发展的动力机制分析

区域物流产业集群是一个相对稳定的网络组织,现代生产和消费的特点决定了物流产业集群的形成、演变和空间组织规律.文章从区域物流产业集群的形成演化过程来说明它是有一定内在联系的有机结合的动态网络系统,同时,分析了区域物流产业集群的动力机制,并提出了基于区域物流产业集群生命周期的动力机制模型以及区域物流产业集群生命周期内源动力机制和外源动力机制.     

浅析产业集群的竞争优势

产业集群是近年来区域经济发展中的一个突出现象,受到国内外理论界、实业界和政府的关注。很多国家和地区也都根据自身的实际情况,制定出适合本区域经济发展的产业集群战略。大量的成功实例表明,产业集群的竞争优势显著,易于保持。利用产业集群的竞争优势,可以发挥地方产业自我发展与扩散的辐射功能,进一步获得竞争优势,打造出更加鲜明和有吸引力的企业、产品、集群品牌,对区域经济发展与区域竞争力的提高都具有极其重要的战略意义。     

制度经济学视角下的产业集群与区域经济发展

制度经济学是指把制度作为研究对象的一门经济学分支,它研究的内容是制度对于经济行为和经济发展的影响,以及经济发展如何影响制度的演变。产业集群与区域经济的发展,是新时期重要的经济现象。同时,我们引进制度经济学这一概念,分析经济发展与制度完善之间的重要关系。在制度经济学的视角下,探讨产业集群与区域经济发展的联系和影响,是本文将要阐述的重要问题。     

产业集群视角下技术创新的动力分析

技术创新作为企业生存、发展的决定性力量,已是不争的事实。技术创新为产业集群系统保持长期的竞争、优化产业结构提供了有力保证,只有有效地解决产业集群系统内部创新动力不足的问题,才能更好地保持区域性产业集群的长远发展。     

产业集群的形成的动力机制分析

产业集群对一个地区的经济发展具有重要的意义,产业集群的竞争优势来源于其动力机制。本文分析了产业集群形成的动力机制,主要来自于资源禀赋、社会文化、政府支持、企业间的柔性合作等多方面因素推动,其发展动力来自于专业化生产的优势、集群芦皇整璺、聚居效应等方面。最后提出了一些促进产业集群发展的建议。     

29家工业经济单位企业社会责任报告集体发布

5月26日下午，由国家发改委、工业和信息化部、民政部、国务院国资委指导，中国工业经济联合会主办的“2010中国工业经济行业企业社会责任报告发布会”在北京人民大会堂召开。中共中央政治局委员、国务院副总理张德江发来书面讲话，指出企业社会责任建设是一个长期过程，要求广大企业深入贯彻落实科学发展观，牢记责任，深化认识，全面履行社会责任。并向广大企业提出六点希望：第一，坚持依法诚实守信经营；第二，高度重视产品质量安全；第三，扎实推进经济发展方式转变；第四，大力加强资源节约和环境保护；第五，切实维护职工合法权益；第六，积极支持社会公益事业。     

制度经济学视角下的产业集群及其网络创新

制度经济学认为产业集群在本质上是一种降低交易费用的经济组织,产业集群是一个复杂的动态网络系统,具有经济属性和社会属性,集群内部充斥着规则和秩序.企业之间的信息交流、信任、合作通过集群网络促进了企业创新.通过案例的考察,文章指出,促进宁夏银川清真企业进行创新的制度因素中,签订契约、高度信任的网络、文化氛围、合作有重要的作用.     

Islamic economics and a third fundamental theorem of welfare economics

The discipline of economics started as a moral science but became detached from moral concerns over time to emulate natural science and to adopt positivism. Consequently, mainstream economics assumes people to be sordidly selfish. The teachings of Islam, however, promote social preferences where individuals should be other‐regarding and have preferences over social outcomes. This paper replaces the selfish agent with a social agent and presents the results in a theorem referred to as the third fundamental theorem of welfare economics (TFTWE). The TFTWE states that “when the selfish agents are replaced with the social agents, market outcomes are Pareto optimal, equitable, and unique”. This is an important result which has widespread implications. We show that the TFTWE holds under conditions where the first two fundamental theorems of welfare economics fail and that a Walrasian equilibrium is more likely to exist when selfish preferences are non‐convex. Unlike the popular convention, there is no equity‐efficiency trade‐off. In fact we point to the possibility of reversal in equity‐efficiency trade‐off.     

产业链的内涵及特性分析

基于理论融合的观点,根据产业链的主要因素及其关系,从三个维度和三种链接关系来理解产业链的内涵。根据产业链活动的属性,深入分析产业链的产业特性和空间特性及其本质表现,为相关研究提供一个合理的理论分析框架。     

Between politics and economics

The Federal Republic of Germany considers trade between itself and East Germany not as foreign, but as domestic trade. Since the division of Germany these economic contacts have often given rise to heated discussion and bitter criticism. The close connection between political and economic aims is constantly engendering new fuel. The collision of two completely opposed systems raises a multiplicity of fresh problems.     

Urban economics and development

China’s policy of opening the door to foreign business has sometimes aroused excessive expectations. Both in China and abroad, overoptimism has now been replaced by a more realistic appraisal of what can be achieved in economic terms. Nonetheless, Deng Xiaoping’s aim of quadrupling industrial and agricultural output¹ by the year 2000 is still being pursued. Urban regions have been allocated a key role in this as the powerhouse of development. In the light of regional economic analyses,²this article examines whether the intended economic reforms go far enough to enable the conurbations to perform this function.     

财税政策对产业结构调整动态冲击效应的实证分析

本文通过测算出我国1980-2009年产业结构系数,以政府支出、税收、产业结构系数为变量,运用VAR模型分析政府支出和税收对产业结构的动态冲击效应,得出结论:政府投资支出和税收对产业结构的变动有影响,而且这种影响具有滞后性;产业结构的变动有25%的贡献度由政府投资支出和税收来解释。     

On economics and business ethics

Economics has an impoverished view of virtuous human behaviour in general, and corporate social responsibility in particular. We claim that this is due to a particular, albeit currently dominant approach to economics. This approach focuses on the pursuit of wealth through efficient allocation of scarce resources by 'rational' utility-maximizing economic agents and institutions, such as markets, firms and states, in the exclusive pursuit of 'efficiency'. This results in an ethic-free and often inimical approach to virtuous behaviour. However, a different approach to economics, which focuses on sustainable global resource creation and allocation, asserts virtuous responsible behaviour to be part and parcel of economic analysis and performance.     

The structure of Islamic economics: A comparative perspective on markets,ethics and economics

A comparative examination of mainstream economic doctrines and their recent developments is undertaken with a view to find out how ethics has been treated in these. The principal focus here is to identify the new paradigm that can treat ethics endogenously in preference formation, the market and the economic order. The quest for this paradigm leads us to an examination of Islamic economics. Islamic economics is presented in terms of its epistemological roots. Thereby, a general systems view of interactions, integration and creative evolution among economic and social possibilities is shown to lead to the paradigm of Islamic political economy. Some Islamic financial and economic instruments are examined to bring out the pervasive causality of the principle of universal complementarity across diversity in a general systems perspective of Islamic political economy as premised on its epistemological roots.