The effects of service quality dimensions and passenger characteristics on passenger's overall satisfaction with an airport

The objective of this paper is twofold. First, to identify service quality dimensions related to airports. Second, to examine the effects of those dimensions on passenger's overall satisfaction with an airport together with variables related to passenger characteristics. Data from an extensive survey applied in a main Brazilian international airport were used. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to extract dimensions of airport service quality as perceived by the passengers. The effects on the overall satisfaction level were estimated using a probabilistic approach. Findings underline implications regarding the use of meaningful service dimensions instead of a large set of variables as predictors of passenger satisfaction. Moreover, the study stresses the need for considering how passenger characteristics may be related to different perceived levels of service quality.     

Examining airline service quality from a process perspective

Airline service is composed of a set of processes. Passengers may have distinct expectations at different stages of the service chain. In this study, air travel was divided into ground and in-flight service stages. We first examined the gap between passengers’ service expectations and actual service received and the gaps associated with passenger service expectations and the perceptions of these expectations by frontline managers and employees of a Taiwanese airline. Next, importance–performance analysis was used to construct service attribute evaluation maps to identify areas for improvement. Results revealed that these gaps did exist and passengers were more concerned about the responsiveness and assurance dimensions from airline frontline staff. The tangibles dimension was considered more important when evaluating in-flight service quality than when evaluating ground service quality.     

基于旅客需求的高速铁路客运服务质量评价

高速铁路客运服务应以旅客需求为导向,借助客运服务质量评价体系,完善高速铁路客运服务,满足旅客多样化出行需求。以马斯洛需求理论为基础,针对高速铁路旅客需求和感知建立三级评价指标体系,并提出运用灰色关联度-模糊综合评价法对高速铁路客运服务质量进行评价。对成都东站、重庆西站,以及G2885和G2890次列车高速铁路旅客进行现场调研,基于调研数据,运用灰色关联度-模糊综合评价法评价高速铁路客运服务质量。结果表明,高速铁路列车服务质量总体高于车站服务质量;相比于高速铁路客运服务的基本需求和物质需求,提升服务等级和注重精神尊重是提升高速铁路客运服务质量的努力方向之一。     

Fuzzy ServPerf model combined with ELECTRE III to comparatively evaluate service quality of international airports in Sicily

In this paper a new approach was proposed so as to comparatively evaluate the quality of service alternatives. In particular, a fuzzy extension of the ServPerf service conceptual model was considered to estimate quality scores of fundamental service criteria, whereas the non-compensative multi-criteria decision-making ELECTRE III method was employed to point out the quality ranking of service alternatives on the basis of which the comparative service quality analysis was performed. In order to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach, an empirical study concerning service quality evaluation of the three international airports in Sicily (Italy) was conducted with detailed proposals for passenger service improvement. The results showed that only few key service aspects played a focal role in quality airport service. Moreover, the effects on the evaluation of service quality, arising from customers' uncertainties, were computed, thus demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

基于综合主成分分析的铁路客运服务质量评价

为了客观、准确地评价铁路客运服务质量,借鉴SERVPERF模型5个维度的思想,结合旅客感知服务流程建立铁路客运服务质量评价指标体系,提出利用主成分分析法计算指标的客观权重,建立基于综合主成分分析的铁路客运服务质量评价模型。以西南地区11个客运站和20列旅客列车为例,综合车站、列车进行铁路客运服务质量评价。结果表明,车站方面昆明站客运服务质量水平最高,资阳站客运服务水平最低;列车方面高速列车服务水平最高,快速列车服务水平最低;综合考虑车站与列车因素,攀枝花站服务水平下降较多。     

铁路旅客感知服务质量提升策略研究

随着铁路路网规模的扩大和旅客出行需求的改变,亟需深化客运供给结构性改革。在分析铁路客运服务质量影响因素的基础上,以结果质量、环境质量、交互质量为一级维度,以可靠、畅通、舒适、便捷、响应及时、重点关怀为二级维度,对旅客感知服务质量要素进行多维度分析。通过开展旅客感知服务满意度调查,在旅客服务满意度分析的基础上,围绕降低旅客感知服务质量的关键要素有针对性地提出铁路旅客感知服务质量提升策略,有助于改善旅客出行体验,满足旅客日益增长的客运服务需求,为铁路旅客感知服务供给改革提供依据。     

高速铁路综合客运枢纽协同管理研究

随着城市快速发展和旅客运输服务品质的提升,高速铁路综合客运枢纽已经成为我国综合客运枢纽的重要组成部分。在分析高速铁路综合客运枢纽发展现状及存在问题的基础上,针对综合客运枢纽协同管理较为薄弱、协同管理服务水平有待突破、协同管理机构有待健全等问题,从规划建设协同、运营管理信息协同、管理机构协同等方面提出高速铁路综合客运枢纽协同管理对策,为高速铁路综合客运枢纽提升服务品质提供决策支持。     

Key drivers of passenger loyalty: A case of Frankfurt–Istanbul flights

This study aims to analyze the effects of factors such as image, satisfaction, price, and service quality on passenger loyalty toward full-service network carriers and low-cost carriers. A structural equation modeling approach was applied to identify the factors that significantly affect passenger loyalty. Using LISREL, data were collected from 237 passengers in face-to-face interviews in the baggage claim area of international arrivals at Ataturk International Airport in Turkey who traveled from Frankfurt to Istanbul and were used to test the proposed model. One hundred seventy-five out of these 237 questionnaires were considered as valid. The results indicate that 71% of the passenger loyalty is explained by image and image is explained by satisfaction. In addition, service quality and price are found to have positive effects on satisfaction. Compared with price, service quality is found to be a stronger determinant of satisfaction. This study concludes with the recommendations for managers and possible future research.     

Predicting airline passengers’ loyalty using artificial neural network theory

The study explores a model for predicting airline loyalty using the antecedents indicated in previous studies. Data was collected using a questionnaire distributed to 614 domestic air passengers using the snowball sampling method. The measurement tool had 16 scale items constructed on the recommendations of previous studies. Passenger satisfaction, airline service quality, passenger perceived value, and airline image are identified as determinants for airline loyalty. The predictive analytical approach of Artificial Neural Network theory and covariance-based Structural Equation Modelling for determining causality is employed in the study. The artificial neural network model predicts airline loyalty with 89% accuracy. Sensitivity analysis suggests passenger satisfaction as the most significant predictor of airline loyalty. The causal study supports that passenger satisfaction mediates the relationship between airline service quality and airline loyalty.     

建立灰色关联评价模型科学评价铁路客运服务质量

通过对传统评价模型与灰色关联评价模型的论述,引入灰色关联评价模型,客观评价铁路客运服务质量的建模思路,并通过例证说明灰色关联评价模型的计算方法,使客运服务质量评价标准化,也促使铁路客运服务质量不断提高,成为制定铁路客运票价的重要因素。     

Exploring different nationality perceptions of airport service quality

In order to attain a sustainable competitive advantage, airports should strive to enhance multicultural passenger satisfaction through the provision of high quality services. The purpose of the current study is to determine the specific service quality components that can lead to increased traveler satisfaction in an international airport environment, and to evaluate the degree to which passenger perceptions of airport facilities, as well as levels of satisfaction, vary according to different nationalities. In order to achieve this objective, this paper examines the equivalence of service quality and satisfaction measures by applying the Rasch modelling technique. Airport service quality is found to be comprised of three distinct dimensions, namely “Servicescape and Image”, “Signage” and ”Services” and significant differences with service quality perceptions are exhibited among travelers of different nationalities. Overall, the results highlight the need to assess scale equivalence across different nationalities.     

基于SERVQUAL的铁路客运服务质量评价

在介绍SERVQUAL评价模型的基础上，以铁路旅客列车服务质量为例，提出列车服务质量决定因素的选取原则，确定列车服务质量的评价准则和子准则，以及这些准则和子准则的权重，通过计算得到确定列车服务质量的最终得分。通过实例分析说明评价模型的应用，根据结果制定提高铁路客运服务质量的对策。     

A methodology for evaluating transit service quality based on subjective and objective measures from the passenger’s point of view

In this paper a methodology for measuring transit service quality is proposed. The methodology is based on the use of both passenger perceptions and transit agency performance measures involving the main aspects characterizing a transit service. The combination of these two types of service quality measurement fulfils the need to provide a reliable as possible measurement tool of the transit performance. Considering passenger perceptions is fundamental because the customer's point of view is very relevant for evaluating the performance of a transit service. At the same time, the use of a more objective measurement provided by the transit agency can be a useful solution for obtaining a more comprehensive service quality measurement. The proposed procedure is applied to a real case study of a suburban bus line; a series of subjective and objective indicators are calculated on the basis of users’ perception about the service and measurements provided by the transit agency.     

Measuring airport service quality: A multidimensional approach

Currently, airports are expected to be operated as self-sufficient service organizations providing efficient and high-quality services to a variety of customers. In this context, improving airport service quality (ASQ) has become paramount. However, due to the complexity of the airport service environment, an effective process of measuring and analyzing passenger perceptions of ASQ is not easily achieved. Generic scales for perceived service quality might not cover some particularities of the passenger–airport interaction. Furthermore, while some measurement practices have been developed within the airport industry, there has been only limited consideration for validity and reliability. These concerns are certainly relevant to avoid misinterpreting passenger perceptions. In view of these concerns, this paper has a twofold objective. First, to fit a measurement model for perceived ASQ built on typical service measures within the airport industry. Second, to test for the model's equivalence across groups of passengers. Sample data from an extensive survey applied at a major Brazilian airport was used for confirmatory factor analysis. The results suggested that a six-factor structure provides a meaningful multi-item measurement model for perceived ASQ. The model was validated for international and domestic departing passengers with respect to its factorial structure and metric invariance. The proposed measurement model could be considered an alternative for a multidimensional approach in the context of airport performance measurement regarding service quality. Finally, the findings from this research might contribute to the discussion on passenger perceptions of ASQ, particularly concerning its multidimensionality and the need to review current practices for ASQ analysis.     

Functional efficiency in airport terminals: A review on Overall and Stratified Service Quality

This paper presents a review of the existing approaches for functional efficiency assessment in airport passenger terminal buildings (PTB). The literature has been classified into two broad study levels and a set of 58 Key Performance Indicators are identified. These are further classified based on their application in processing, holding and circulation activities and sub-classified as objective and subjective indicators. Analytical methods adapted for service quality (SQ) assessments are comprehended. This paper identifies emerging Stratified SQ indicators and stochastic approaches for performance evaluation considering the spatial, operational and technological transformations of PTBs. Critical gaps from literature and scope for further research are discussed.     

基于排队论的车站验证检票口数量优化研究

基于实测数据拟合,验证车站实名制车票的旅客到达分布为泊松分布,运用排队理论建立车站验证检票口数量与客流需求相匹配的优化模型,根据旅客流量变化情况预估验证检票口合理数量。通过实例计算表明,基于排队论方法进行验证检票口数量优化配置,可以降低车站验证检票服务成本和旅客停留费用,提高经济性;提出的验证检票口数量优化方法和服务优化措施,可以协助车站合理设置验证检票口数量,提高服务质量。     

Managing valuable Taiwanese airline passengers using knowledge discovery in database techniques

Taiwanese domestic airline passenger loads have declined over the past decade, and the inauguration of the Taiwan high-speed rail service in 2007 has further intensified the competition facing the airlines. Gaining and retaining valuable passengers thus has become essential in maintaining domestic airline profits in the increasingly competitive transportation market. This study develops a knowledge discovery in database process, including the recency, frequency, and monetary model and the C5.0 decision tree. The former is used to assess passenger value, while C5.0 is used to mine demographic, travel behavior, and critical service quality information for valuable passengers. The results identify valuable passenger characteristics that can help Taiwanese airlines maximize their number and retention.     

Passenger perceptions of service quality: Korean and Australian case studies

This paper investigates air passengers’ perceptions of 11 factors that may influence their buying behaviour namely, in-flight service, reservation-related service, airport service, reliability, employee service, flight availability, perceived price, passenger satisfaction, perceived value, airline image, and overall service quality. Analysis of variance and an independent sample t-test are applied to data collected from Korean and Australian international air passengers. The results reveal that passenger perceptions are significantly different across airlines, seat classes, and usage frequencies.     

铁路旅客服务综合信息需求分析

基于调查结果的统计数据,从铁路工作人员的角度,对铁路提供的各种服务信息和提供信息的方式进行了需求分析,并对提高铁路客运服务质量提出了建议,为铁路旅客服务综合信息系统的建设奠定了基础。     

高速铁路客运餐饮服务满意度影响因素重要度探讨

随着我国高速铁路客运量的急速增长,对高速铁路客运餐饮服务质量要求也逐渐提升,为了进一步提高旅客对高速铁路客运餐饮服务的满意度,以顾客感知视角,分析高速铁路客运餐饮服务满意度影响因素构成,利用结构方程模型对高速铁路客运餐饮满意度影响因素重要程度进行测评。以上海虹桥站、南京南站为例进行验证,结果表明:餐品安全卫生对满意度有最显著的重要影响,其次是服务水平、订餐管理和餐品质量。其中,保质期在安全卫生方面影响效应最大,送餐时间在服务水平中影响效应最大;餐品质量潜变量中,餐品营养价值和口味影响效应较大。