氧传感器故障分析与排除

汽车中普遍装有氧传感器,也是汽车传感器中的易损件。依据氧传感器的特性,能及时合理的找出故障所在。BOSCH公司所生产的氧传感器被广泛用在国内外很多车型上,其氧传感器有四引线和六引线等多种类型。依据不同类型的氧传感器,其检测方法也略有差异,文章主要对氧传感器的故障分析及故障排除进行探讨。     

浅谈汽车氧传感器的故障检测与诊断

随着汽车工业的日益发展,汽车尾气所带来的环境污染问题日益严重。因此,有效地控制汽车尾气,减少其对环境污染已成为当今重要的研究课题之一。与此同时汽车氧传感器的使用也日益频繁,增加对汽车氧传感器了解将使我们能够更好的使用汽车氧传感器。本文简述了氧传感器的结构和工作原理,并根据结构和工作原理分析了氧传感器的故障的产生原因以及对汽车发动机的影响,提出了检测、诊断方法。     

氧传感器及其应用

氧传感器作为电子控制燃油喷射发动机的重要部件,对发动机正常运转和尾气排放的有效控制起着至关重要的作用,一旦氧传感器及其连接线路出现故障,不但会使排放超标,还会使发动机工况恶化,导致怠速熄火、发动机运转失准等各种故障。因此,适时地对氧传感器进行监测和观察,对保证汽车在良好状态下运行大有益处。     

示波器在汽车油、电路故障诊断中的应用

文章针对汽车示波器在汽车故障诊断中的应用情况,提出了通过氧传感器的闭环控制测试进行发动机故障分析的测试方法,并分析研究了喷油器驱动波形特性的测试及对电子点火（EI）次级单缸波形的特点,验证了能有效解决汽车维修中疑难杂症的方法。     

示波器在汽车油、电路故障诊断中的应用

文章针对汽车示波器在汽车故障诊断中的应用情况,提出了通过氧传感器的闭环控制测试进行发动机故障分析的测试方法,并分析研究了喷油器驱动波形特性的测试及对电子点火(EI)次级单缸波形的特点,验证了能有效解决汽车维修中疑难杂症的方法.     

氧传感器

1　简　介氧传感器利用了氧化锆固体电解质材料能够导通氧离子并产生电动势的原理 ,电动势的大小是由氧化锆浓差决定的 ,电势值可由能斯特方程求出。氧传感器可以直接测量环境氧气中氧分压或氧含量 ,可以用于汽车废气、锅炉电厂废气、可控气氛热处理等气氛中氧分压的监测与控制。该单位研制的片状可控气氛热处理炉用氧敏传感器和 TZ型氧敏传感器都已通过部级鉴定 ,达到了国际先进水平。2　接产条件(1)厂房　 30～ 50 m2 ;(2 )人员　 10～ 15人。3　效益分析以热处理氧传感器一个品种的生产为例 ,年产50 0～ 10 0 0支 TZ型氧探头 (即氧传感…     

大众汽车传感器故障的分析及排除

随着汽车行业对汽车智能化、汽车轻型化以及电子化重视程度的不断提高,对于大众汽车传感器的需求便与日俱增,与此同时大众汽车传感器也影响着汽车安全、舒适等多方面性能。大众汽车传感器具有生产量大、应用范围广、自身化要求高等特点,所以在使用过程中要对汽车传感器进行系统的分析。由于目前中国还未对汽车传感器的应用进行总结,所以在应用时仍然存在一些故障。本篇论文将对大众汽车传感器故障的分析以及排除进行详细的论述。     

汽车内各种传感器的类型与作用

伴随科技的飞速发展,新兴汽车电子技术不断进步,传感器在汽车中的应用越来越多元化、智能化。文章将从汽车控制用传感器和汽车性能检测传感器两个方面入手,分别介绍两个类别下的具体汽车传感器的类型与作用,最后对汽车传感器的应用前景做一个展望,全面阐述了汽车传感器的基础知识。     

汽车电控悬架系统主要传感器识别与检修

本论文主要对汽车电控悬架系统的车身高度传感器的作用和悬架系统的基本结构进行了说明,并对车高传感器在汽车上的位置及安装检测要求进行了分析和说明。     

电化学氧传感器研究进展

氧传感器广泛应用在工业、科研及国防领域,用于测量环境中的氧气含量。氧传感器根据工作原理的不同分为很多类型,有电化学型、热磁式、光学式以及半导体电阻型氧传感器,其中电化学氧传感器具有灵敏度高、测量范围宽、响应时间快、可靠性高等特点,成为氧传感器领域研究最多,技术最为成熟的一类,也是目前唯一一类实现商业化批量生产的氧传感器。介绍了电化学氧传感器的研究进展以及应用领域。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。     

浅谈大体积混凝土裂缝的控制

大体积混凝土的裂缝问题是实际工程中长期困扰工程技术人员的问题,其控制技术的研究是混凝土结构研究的热点问题,具有重大的学术价值和潜伏的工程背景。     

Export Composition and Manufacturing Employment in the US during the Economic Downturn of 1991-92

This paper examines the effect that export composition had upon manufacturing employment in the US during the 1991 recession. Although it takes, on average, approximately $66 000 in exports to create one job, the exact gains in terms of total employment depend upon the labour-intensity of the products being exported. Foreign sales by the chemical and textile industries result in a far greater increase in employment than exports by the petroleum refining or steel industries. This analysis estimates the employment effects of manufacturing exports over the 1989-95 period, utilizing an input-output model to capture both direct and indirect effects. The results demonstrate that export composition has, at times, both strengthened and reduced demand for labour. Consequently, if job-creation is a national goal, it may be in the interests of the US to promote exports from sectors that are labour-using.