FDI与经济增长的关系分析 ——以四川为例

本文根据四川省2000年~2014年的时间序列数据,对四川省GDP和外商直接投资(FDI)建立非结构化的VAR模型,进行了格兰杰(Granger)因果关系检验,并通过建立脉冲响应函数和方差分解模型分析了GDP与FDI之间的动态影响关系。研究结果表明:四川省FDI与GDP为双向、动态的因果关系;FDI的增加在短期和长期内会促进经济增长,在中期内反而对经济的增长产生抑制作用;GDP的增长会对FDI产生显著的带动作用,并且带动作用具有滞后效应。     

银行业市场结构影响我国企业信贷约束吗

本文利用2012年世界银行中国企业问卷调查数据,采用Probit模型和工具变量回归方法,实证分析了金融危机后我国银行业市场结构对企业信贷约束的影响.结果表明:(1)从总体上来说,银行业市场竞争的提升将有助于缓解我国企业面临的信贷约束水平,从而支持了"市场势力假说"在中国的适用性.(2)银行业市场结构对不同规模企业信贷约束的影响存在差异.银行贷款竞争主要集中于信用水平以及财务状况较好的大中型企业.相反,与以往的研究不同,银行业市场竞争度的提高并没有显著提高小企业获得银行信贷的可能性.进一步地,在将企业信贷约束划分为"银行信贷约束"和"自我信贷约束"的基础上,本文还探讨了银行业市场结构对面临不同类型信贷约束企业的影响.研究发现,银行业市场竞争的提升主要降低了企业由于"申请程序复杂"、"利率太高"以及"对抵押品的要求过高"而未申请贷款的自我信贷约束,而对银行信贷审批决策引起的企业信贷约束没有显著影响.     

基于存流量的FDI效应分析

本文分别从存量和流量的角度出发来分析外商直接投资(FDI)对我国经济增长的作用,实证分析结果表明:存量上的FDI对我国经济增长的作用要大于流量上的FDI对我国经济增长的作用;同时,Granger因果关系检验揭示出FDI和经济增长存在双向的因果关系。     

FDI、出口:经济效应与贸易效应实证分析

外商直接投资和出口是造成当前国内区域经济增长差距的重要原因。本文分析了外商直接投资和出口促进经济增长的主要路径和外商直接投资的贸易效应,运用计量方法,选取1990-2008年河南省的年度时间数据,检验了FDI、出口贸易和国内生产总值之间的相互关系,对FDI、出口的经济效应以及FDI的贸易效应进行分析。在FDI、出口和全省GDP的时间序列都为一阶单整序列且存在显著协整关系的基础上,建立协整方程和基于向量自回归方程的因果检验,实证结果表明出口和经济增长具有显著的双向因果关系,且出口乘数效应明显;而FDI的产出效应和贸易效应均为负,因果检验表明只存在由出口到F D I的单向因果关系。本文最后总结上述结论的经济意义并提出相关政策建议。     

FDI对我国经济增长和就业的影响研究--基于VEC误差修正模型

当前经济形势下,我国经济处于增速放缓中高速增长时期,一带一路经济战略的提出,使得研究FDI的流入数量对我国经济增长具有十分重要的意义。本文根据我国1987-2018年的时间序列数据,对外商直接投资、经济增长以及就业这三个变量构建VEC模型并且进行计量分析。结果表明:FDI和经济增长之间存在因果关系,同时FDI的流入带来了就业的增加,和经济增长互相促进。我国经济增长和就业受到FDI的促进作用,FDI的流入受我国的经济增长的影响呈现上下波动的积极影响。     

外商直接投资与江苏省经济增长的实证分析

根据1990-2005年江苏省GDP与FDI的时间序列数据分析,采用线性回归分析方法研究FDI与江苏省经济增长之间的关系。格兰杰因果分析表明:江苏省经济增长与外商直接投资之间存在着双向因果关系,即从FDI到GDP及从GDP到FDI的因果关系同时存在。     

融资约束与企业出口:孰因孰果——基于联立方程模型的经验分析

文章基于中国工业企业微观数据,利用联立方程模型处理内生性问题后,实证分析了融资约束与企业出口之间的相互关系。研究结果表明,融资约束与企业出口之间存在显著的双向因果关系,即融资约束的缓解提升了企业出口绩效,同时出口又促进了企业融资约束的缓解。进一步分析发现,这种双向因果关系因企业所有制类型、规模及贸易模式不同而表现出明显的差异性,融资约束对民营、中小型及一般贸易型企业出口绩效的影响显著大于国有、大型及加工贸易型企业;而出口对民营、大型及一般贸易型企业融资约束的影响显著大于国有、中小型及加工贸易型企业。     

资本约束对银行信贷扩张的影响:基于中国的实证分析(1998-2009)——兼论当前宏观调控的一种新工具

本文从商业银行信贷井喷与大量融资要求的现象出发,以信贷可得性和资本约束为视角,提出两个假说:资本充足率与信贷扩张正相关,资本充足率越高,信贷扩张越快;商业银行的资本充足率具有顺周期特征.基于1998-2009年我国银行业的数据,本文采用动态面板数据方法验证了两个假说,并提出三点政策主张:强化宏观审慎监管意识,建立逆周期的资本监管制度;将资本充足率纳入宏观调控工具体系;强化资本质量要求.     

双向FDI与区域创新能力的关系研究——基于区域金融发展的门限效应

本文基于2008年-2018年中国省际面板数据,引入区域金融发展为门限变量,构建非线性门槛回归模型,探讨双向FDI与区域创新能力的非线性关系。研究发现FDI和OFDI对我国各区域的创新能力存在明显的门槛效应,门限变量为区域金融发展。仅当金融发展水平超过门槛值时,FDI与OFDI对区域创新能力提升的效果才更加显著。未来,我国应全力提高金融发展水平,在"引进来"与"走出去"并重的政策基础上更有力地推动区域创新能力的发展。     

投资促进在FDI中的作用——基于中国的实证研究

使用2003-2008年43个国家的面板数据,采用是否签署双向投资促进合作谅解备忘录作为投资促进的代理变量,使用个体固定效应面板模型研究中国投资促进对FDI流入和流出的影响。实证结果显示,合作谅解备忘录签署对中国与OECD国家双向FDI流入产生正向显著影响,而中国同非OECD国家间FDI双向流动未受到其正向显著影响。在此基础上,对制定OECD国家和非OECD国家的投资促进政策分别提出了相关建议。     

Sustainability, Epistemology, Ecocentric Business, and Marketing Strategy: Ideology, Reality, and Vision

This conceptual article examines the relationship between marketing and sustainability through the dual lenses of anthropocentric and ecocentric epistemology. Using the current anthropocentric epistemology and its associated dominant social paradigm, corporate ecological sustainability in commercial practice and business school research and teaching is difficult to achieve. However, adopting an ecocentric epistemology enables the development of an alternative business and marketing approach that places equal importance on nature, the planet, and ecological sustainability as the source of human and other species’ well-being, as well as the source of all products and services. This article examines ecocentric, transformational business, and marketing strategies epistemologically, conceptually and practically and thereby proposes six ecocentric, transformational, strategic marketing universal premises as part of a vision of and solution to current global un-sustainability. Finally, this article outlines several opportunities for management practice and further research.     

Rethinking managership,leadership, followership,and partnership

Organizations underperform, or fail, when members avoid partnering with managers—whether through subtle resistance, disagreement, protest, or walkout—to achieve common purpose. Managers should boost partnering not by affecting a pretense of leadership but through a nuanced balance of managerial authority and understanding of members’ points of view. The objective of this article is to sharpen attention on the concept of partnership with organization members and how it relates to some of the important previous literature. We also argue that some of the previous scholarly work contributes to misconceptions related to these concepts. Our work is forward-looking in that it is motivated by the dangerous societal and cultural differences evident in the world, differences that surround management’s decisions and that may induce an overuse of authority to quash disquiet. Using our experiences in both industry and academia, we argue that the crucial link between managers and members is leadership—not leadership thought of as directional and inspirational, but leadership as building a relationship toward common purpose through partnership. “Lead” and “leader” are sorely misused terms, and worse, substituting “leader” for “manager” is just plain wrong. We believe that managers become leaders only when followers agree to follow, not when the managers simply step forward energetically with direction. Managers are cheated by mistaken definitions. Reviewing past perspectives about what makes good leaders and managers, we rethink ways to enhance organizational harmony through a clearer understanding of managership, leadership, followership, and partnership. Only by thinking and acting as partners in common purpose can managers and members form the core of success in organizational endeavors.     

Trust,terrorism, and technology

The development of civilization implies an evolution of complex trust mechanisms which integrate the social system and form bonds which allow individuals to interact, even if they are strangers. Key elements of trust are predictability of consequences and an evaluation of consequences in terms of self-interest or values. Values, ethics, and norms enhance predictability. The terrorist introduces an unpredictable event which has negative consequences, thus destroying trust. However, terrorist-like situations occur in day-to-day activities. Technology itself makes the world more interdependent and less predictable. Furthermore, technological accidents and disasters, which are also unpredictable and negative, may prompt individuals to perceive technology as if it were a terrorist. Louis H. Bluhm is Associate Professor of Sociology at the Mississippi State University. He has written several articles which have been published in Rural Sociology, and with P. M. Shingi he has written a chapter in a book.     

Networks,firms, and trade

Fixed costs associated with learning about demand and setting up distribution networks are expected to be lower when there are more potential contacts in the destination market, suggesting a greater probability of market entry and larger export revenues. We match historically-determined emigration stocks with detailed firm-level data from Portugal to examine the effect of migrant networks on these export outcomes. We find that larger stocks of emigrants in a given destination increase export participation and intensity. In addition, we show that the former of these effects tends to be more pronounced among firms that are more likely to have close ties with the emigrants. These results are consistent with a multiple-destination version of the Melitz (2003) model featuring market-specific entry costs and idiosyncratic firm-destination demand shocks.