Evaluating the economic implications of non-adherence and antibody-mediated rejection in renal transplant recipients: the role of once-daily tacrolimus in the UK

Abstract

Background and aims:

While short-term kidney graft survival has gradually improved over time, improvements in long-term graft survival have been more modest. One key clinical factor limiting improved longer-term outcomes is antibody-mediated rejection (AbMR), the incidence of which appears to be higher in patients who are non-adherent to immunosuppressants. Recent data show that adherence can be improved by reducing pill burden. The aim of the present study was to model the incidence and economic consequences of graft loss and AbMR in patients taking once- vs twice-daily tacrolimus in the UK.     

Healthcare resource usage of schizophrenia patients initiating long-acting injectable antipsychotics vs oral

Abstract

Objective:

To compare hospitalizations and incidence of relapses among patients with schizophrenia initiating long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics vs oral antipsychotics.     

Health resource use and costs of vilazodone and other selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors in treating major depressive disorder

Abstract

Objective:

Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely prescribed antidepressants. This claims database study compared healthcare resource use and costs among patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) treated with vilazodone vs other SSRIs.     

Cost-effectiveness of saxagliptin vs glimepiride as a second-line therapy added to metformin in Type 2 diabetes in China

Abstract

Objective:

This study aims to estimate the long-term cost-effectiveness of saxagliptin?+?metformin (SAXA?+?MET) vs glimepiride?+?metformin (GLI?+?MET) in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) inadequately controlled with MET in China.     

Cost per patient-year in response using a claims-based algorithm for the 2 years following biologic initiation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract

Objective:

To estimate cost per patient-year in response during 2 years following biologic initiation among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).     

Cost-effectiveness analysis of exenatide twice daily (BID) vs insulin glargine once daily (QD) as add-on therapy in Chinese patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled by oral therapies

Abstract

Objective:

To estimate cost-effectiveness of exenatide twice daily (BID) vs insulin glargine once daily (QD) as add-on therapy in Chinese type 2 diabetes patients not well controlled by oral anti-diabetic (OAD) agents.     

Economic impact of severe and non-severe hypoglycemia in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes in the United States

Abstract

Objective:

To identify the direct and indirect costs of hypoglycemia in patients with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in the US setting.     

Estimated medical cost reductions for paliperidone palmitate vs placebo in a randomized,double-blind relapse-prevention trial of patients with schizoaffective disorder

Abstract

Objective:

The objective of this economic model was to estimate the difference in medical costs among patients treated with paliperidone palmitate once-monthly injectable antipsychotic (PP1M) vs placebo, based on clinical event rates reported in the 15-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of paliperidone palmitate evaluating time to relapse in subjects with schizoaffective disorder.     

Clinical simulation model of long-acting opioids for treatment of chronic non-cancer pain in the United States

Abstract

Objective:

To evaluate costs and outcomes associated with initial tapentadol ER vs oxycodone CR for the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) in the US.     

A cost utility analysis of simeprevir used with peginterferon + ribavirin in the management of genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infection,from the perspective of the UK National Health Service

Abstract

Introduction:

Triple therapy using a protease inhibitor (PI) with peginterferon and ribavirin (PR) is increasingly used in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The most recently introduced PI, simeprevir (SMV), offers high levels of viral eradication combined with a reduced overall duration of therapy. The objective of this study was to compare the cost-effectiveness of SMV?+?PR vs PR alone or in combination with telaprevir (TVR) or boceprevir (BOC) in patients infected with genotype 1 HCV     

Cost-effectiveness of DTG + ABC/3TC versus EFV/TDF/FTC for first-line treatment of HIV-1 in the United States

Abstract

Objective:

Data from the SINGLE trial demonstrated that 88% of treatment-naïve HIV-1 patients treated with dolutegravir and abacavir/lamivudine (DTG?+?ABC/3TC) achieved viral suppression at 48 weeks compared with 81% of patients treated with efavirenz/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (EFV/TDF/FTC). It is unclear how this difference in short-term efficacy impacts long-term cost-effectiveness of these regimens. This study sought to evaluate long-term cost-effectiveness of DTG?+?ABC/3TC vs EFV/TDF/FTC from a US payer perspective.     

Ipilimumab in 2nd line treatment of patients with advanced melanoma: a cost-effectiveness analysis

Abstract

Objective:

To estimate the cost-effectiveness of ipilimumab (3?mg/kg) compared with best supportive care (BSC) in pre-treated advanced melanoma patients.     

Cost-utility analysis of memantine extended release added to cholinesterase inhibitors compared to cholinesterase inhibitor monotherapy for the treatment of moderate-to-severe dementia of the Alzheimer’s type in the US

Abstract

Objective:

This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of memantine extended release (ER) as an add-on therapy to acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) [combination therapy] for treatment of patients with moderate-to-severe Alzheimer’s disease (AD) from both a healthcare payer and a societal perspective over 3 years when compared to AChEI monotherapy in the US.     

Treatment cost of non-small cell lung cancer in three European countries: comparisons across France,Germany, and England using administrative databases

Abstract

Introduction:

Lung cancer is a highly prevalent condition with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), representing ～ 80%. Given its high prevalence and poor survival rates, it is important to understand costs associated with NSCLC treatment.     

Comparison of healthcare resource utilization and costs in patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome managed with percutaneous coronary intervention and receiving prasugrel or ticagrelor

Abstract

Objective:

To compare healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and healthcare costs in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) managed with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and treated with prasugrel or ticagrelor.     

The impact of medical insurance coverage and molecular monitoring frequency on outcomes in chronic myeloid leukemia: real-world evidence in China

Objectives: Imatinib (Glivec) has been covered by critical disease insurance for treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in Jiangsu province of China since 2013. Further, free molecular monitoring has been provided to patients at top clinical centers as part of a pilot study that has changed the local treatment pattern and outcomes of patients with CML. This study evaluates the impact of medical insurance coverage and the molecular monitoring frequency on outcomes of patients with CML treated at a central hospital in Jiangsu, China, according to patient-level data.

Methods: The study investigated 335 CML patients receiving medical treatment in a central hospital between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2014. Demographic and clinical characteristics were extracted from the patients’ clinical records. Univariate and multivariate analyses using the logistic regression model were performed to identify the differences in outcomes of major molecular response (MMR) or complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) between patients who were insured vs uninsured, or between patients with frequency of PCR monitoring ≤2 times vs ≥3 times per year.

Results: Both the achievement of MMR (BCR-ABL^IS ≤0.1%) (50.4% vs 37.5%) and CCyR (80.7% vs 62.8%) at 12 months have shown significant differences that favored patients with insurance coverage of imatinib, while there was no significant difference in the outcome of BCR-ABL^IS ≤1% between insured and non-insured groups (56.0% vs 51.3%) at 6 months. The long-term results at 24 months demonstrated that there was a statistically significant difference in MMR rates between the group with 3 or more PCR monitoring tests per year and the group of patients with 2 or less PCR tests per year (76.9% vs 52.2%).

Conclusions: The study findings suggest that CML patients benefit from insurance coverage of imatinib and higher frequency (≥3) of regularly scheduled molecular monitoring PCR in China.     

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) can decrease the economic burden of fracture non-union

Abstract

Objectives:

Few studies have evaluated the economic burden of surgical and conservative treatment of fracture non-union. An analysis was undertaken of aggregated payer data to determine economic costs of non-unions treated with surgery only vs non-unions treated conservatively with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) only.     

An update to the cost-effectiveness of posaconazole vs fluconazole or itraconazole in the prevention of invasive fungal disease among neutropenic patients in the United States

Abstract

Objectives:

Posaconazole has shown superior clinical efficacy in the prevention of invasive fungal disease (IFD) among neutropenic patients as well as cost-effectiveness in the US healthcare setting vs fluconazole or itraconazole (FLU/ITRA) based on oral suspension formulations of each therapy. This study aims to provide an update on the cost-effectiveness of posaconazole in the current US healthcare setting to reflect bioequivalent tablet formulations of posaconazole and fluconazole, as well as changes in healthcare and drug costs.     

Comparative net cost impact of the utilization of romiplostim and intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of patients with immune thrombocytopenia in Québec,Canada

Abstract

Objectives:

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by platelet destruction, sub-optimal platelet production, and mild-to-severe bleeding. Nplate® (romiplostim), a thrombopoietin receptor agonist, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), an expensive and occasionally scarce blood product, are used in the treatment of ITP. The objective of this study was to compare the total cost of treating patients with romiplostim vs IVIg in Québec, Canada.     

Cost-effectiveness of once daily GLP-1 receptor agonist lixisenatide compared to bolus insulin both in combination with basal insulin for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes in Norway

Abstract

Background:

Lixisenatide is a potent, selective and short-acting once daily prandial glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist which lowers glycohemoglobin and body weight by clinically significant amounts in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with basal insulin, with limited risk of hypoglycemia.