跨国公司FDI与东道国外资政策演变

东道国对跨国公司FDI的促进政策大致经历了三代：第一代以向跨国公司提供激励性措施为主；第二代注重FDI规制框架的自由化变革；第三代强调当地企业与跨国公司之间的关联，并以此带动国内经济的发展。本文对东道国外资政策的竞争与演变及其对跨国公司区位选择的影响进行了分析，最后提出了促进东道国与FDI关联的意义和政策措施。     

论跨国公司交叉对外直接投资的趋势与动因

本文通过对７０年代以来投资流出、流入量的关系，以及相应的交叉投资指标考察世界交叉对外直接投资的趋势，所形成的美、日、西欧三强之间的交叉所支配的，发展中国家日益增长的参与的基本格局。文章从跨国公司全球战略、寻求竞争均势、相互寻求优势等方面分析了交叉投资的动因     

我国对外直接投资的发展趋势分析

本文首先回顾了我国对外直接投资的发展历程,然后分析了我国对外直接投资的现状,最后指出我国将会进一步加快对外直接投资的步伐,这也是我国经济发展和对外开放到了一个新阶段后必然出现的趋势。     

浅议跨国公司FDI对东道国技术进步的外部效应

跨国公司在世界各地进行的对外直接投资（FDI），对东道国的技术进步产生了一系列的外部效应。其中有正的外部效应，如示范效应、竞争效应、人才流动效应、知识流动效应、生产网络效应和技术联系效应。但是也产生了相当的负效应，如技术依赖负效应、技术垄断负效应、人才的国内单向流动和技术的逆向扩散负效应等。针对这种现象，东道国政府应通过制定各种倾向性政策，尽力消除负外部效应，强化正的外部效应，以FDI的技术外溢效应来促进本国的技术进步。     

发展中国家对外直接投资理论的形成与演进

探求对外直接投资理论的演进脉络,追溯发展中国家对外直接投资理论的形成与发展历史,展望发展中国家对外直接投资的理论体系。     

我国企业FDI的区位选择分析

随着世界经济一体化趋势的加强,我国许多企业纷纷走出国门,开展对外直接投资活动。本文从分析我国企业FDI区域分布的现状出发,将国际直接投资的区位理论与我国企业对外直接投资的现实特点相结合,对我国企业的FDI区位选择作出策略性建议。     

中国对外金融资产的结构特征与发展趋势

中国的对外金融资产累积有上万亿美元,但却明显呈现出以外汇储备为主的债券类投资占多数份额的偏向结构。企业整体竞争力、出口导向型战略等因素是造成中国对外金融资产呈现偏向结构的重要原因。对外金融资产偏向结构不仅使中国对外投资的总体收益差强人意,对所投资的国家经济乃至全球经济的控制力也相对薄弱,致使中国对外投资的许多重要作用难以发挥。逐步扩大直接投资比重、降低非直接投资特别是外汇储备的比重应该成为今后中国对外金融资产结构调整的基本趋势。     

中国FDI的增长对东亚其他国家和地区FDI流入的影响——一个初步的研究

本文对中国FDI的增长可能对东亚其他国家和地区FDI流入影响的问题做了初步的回归分析。进而精确到对于来源日本的FDI进行了部门和吸收国的划分,结论是与东亚各国所担忧的相反,中国不但没有分流该区域其他国家的FDI流入;相反地,和其主要邻国之间表现出吸收FDI的互补关系。     

跨国公司FDI的知识获取动机与机理研究述评

本文在系统梳理国外相关研究文献的基础上,从知识利用、知识动态调整和知识追赶三个不同的视角考察了跨国公司通过FDI获取知识的不同动机,并总结归纳了基于这三种视角的知识获取机理,最后提出了FDI知识获取研究的未来发展方向。     

跨国公司在华FDI的独资化分析

改革开放以来,我国利用外资数额呈上升趋势,外商直接投资采用了多种方式,但进入20世纪90年代中后期,独资化已经呈一种明显的趋势,并有越演越烈之势.跨国公司独资化的成因如何,对我国的不利影响主要在哪些方面是本文分析的重点.     

Firm-Specific Characteristics and the Timing of Foreign Direct Investment Projects

This paper uses a proportional hazard model to study foreign direct investment by Japanese manufacturers in Europe between 1970 and 1994. We divide each firm’s investment total into a sequence of individual investment decisions and analyze how firm-specific characteristics affect each decision. We find that total factor productivity is a significant determinant of a firm’s initial and subsequent investments. Parent-firm size does not have a significant influence on the initial decision to invest. Large firms simply have more investments than smaller firms. Other firm-specific characteristics, such as the R&D intensity, export share and keiretsu membership, also play a role in the investment process. JEL no. F23, L20     

人民币汇率改革与外商直接投资的相关性分析

目前国内针对人民币汇率的研究很少涉及汇率与资本流动项目关系的研究，所得的结论大多都认为人民币汇率的贬值有利于我国的外商直接投资。本文探讨了汇率改革及相应的汇率变动在微观层面的影响，并对汇率改革前后外商直接投资变化的原因进行了分析。提出了发挥汇率改革的积极作用，促进外商直接投资健康有序地增长的建议。     

Optimal Exit Costs of Foreign Direct Investment

This paper examines the optimal policy on exit costs of foreign direct investment for a host country considering the impact of varying income level and host country’s risk aversion against volatile FDI flows. Based on a dynamic model about the impact of the exit costs on FDI inflows and capital formation, we demonstrate that a host country should determine the exit cost considering two counterbalancing factors, that is, facilitating higher FDI inflows and reducing volatility of FDI inflows. When a host country is less vulnerable to volatility with inelastic risk aversion against FDI volatility, it is optimal for the host country with a negative income shock to take a more aggressive approach to induce FDI inflows by lowering exit costs. However, if the host country is more vulnerable to volatility with elastic risk aversion, the host country is advised to take a conservative approach by increasing exit costs to reduce FDI volatility. These findings, supported by the OECD data on 42 countries’ exits costs, implicate that developing countries are recommended to lower exit costs to induce higher FDI inflows when they are not highly vulnerable to volatility shocks.     

外商来华直接投资与中国企业对外投资的差异分析

中国的"引进来"和"走出去"是发展失衡还是渐趋平衡?本文从投资规模、投资产业、投资形式和投资政策四个方面进行了分析。     

The Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Malaysia: A Revisit

Abstract

The paper re-examines the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Malaysia, for the period 1970–2006. The cointegration results show that market size of both Malaysia and China have major, and a statistically significant impact, on FDI inflow to Malaysia. The results seem to support the argument that foreign investors tend to be more attracted to the country with a higher growth rate of gross domestic product (GDP) because it indicates a larger potential demand for their products. In addition, the results also demonstrate that openness level of the country has a positive and statistically significant effect on FDI inflow, which supports the hypothesis that FDI can be attracted to a country with more liberalized economic reforms. Finally, the results show that literacy rate (human capital development) has significant positive effect on FDI inflow. The finding suggests the need for labor force expansion and education policy to raise the stock of human capital in the country. Using Granger causality test, we also find that there exist unidirectional causality from real GDP of both Malaysia and China, degree of openness and literacy rate to FDI inflow.     

The Impact of Industry Characteristics and IPR Policy on Foreign Direct Investment

This paper investigates the interaction of industry characteristics and intellectual property rights (IPRs) on multinational firm behavior. The results suggest that firms in industries with high capital costs are more likely to maintain control over production knowledge in countries with less intellectual property protection by engaging in foreign direct investment (FDI). Moreover, when IPRs are strong, firms in industries with high investment in research and development (R&D) are more likely to enter a market by licensing to an unaffiliated host firm. JEL no. F23, C25, O34     

跨国公司生产率差异和国际直接投资战略选择

本文从跨国公司生产率差异的角度讨论不同的跨国公司选择不同国际直接投资战略的原因。生产率最高的跨国公司会选择混合型国际直接投资战略,生产率较高的跨国公司会选择水平型国际直接投资战略,生产率较低的跨国公司会选择垂直型国际直接投资战略。运输成本、不同国家工资的差异和国际直接投资的固定成本等因素会影响跨国公司国际直接投资战略的选择。     

Public Procurement and Foreign Direct Investment Across France,Germany, Italy and the UK

Foreign direct investment (FDI) has become an important factor of economic development during the last decades. FDI contributes to the economic growth of the host economy through learning, diffusion of technology, positive externalities and capital inflows. Attracting FDI is currently an objective in its own right for many countries and this paper aims to identify policies affecting the multinational firm’s decision to establish a subsidiary. After accounting for labour productivity and trade openness, cross-section analysis, both industry-wise and country-wise, indicates that public procurement, especially “buy national” policies, and agglomeration economies are statistically significant determinants of FDI. Although our findings pertain to four large European economies, e.g. France, Germany, Italy and the UK, they constitute relevant policy guidelines for developing countries as well.      

美国对外直接投资的发展及对我国的启示

从2013年提出“一带一路”合作倡议以来,中国对“一带一路”沿线国家直接投资整体呈较快发展趋势,投资潜力日益凸显。但是总体上当前我国在“一带一路”的对外直接投资（OFDI）还存在着总体规模不大、整体质量有待提升、基础部分尚待夯实等问题。美国是目前世界上最大的对外直接投资国,通过对美国OFDI迅速成长的历史背景、发展历程、成长路径以及成功要素入手分析对中国的启示。     

可持续发展阶段政府指导外商直接投资作用浅析

在可持续发展阶段,不同于以往的控制、主导作用,政府相机发挥作用的功能应以政府指导的形式表现出来。在吸引外商直接投资领域,政府指导作用的有效性表现在：用优惠政策的整体布局形成外商投资动力、保证国内企业得到有利的技术外溢条件、创造国内企业规模扩大和提高竞争力的条件。政府应通过激励和约束,指导外商直接投资实现整体协调、投资方向高度化、现代化、投资形式多样化的政策目标。