世界旅游强国建设：国际经验与中国方略

旅游业是中国的战略性支柱产业,建设旅游强国是中华崛起的重要方面。本文从世界旅游强国的经验分析入手,考察了中国旅游发展的现实基础和机遇与挑战,提出了中国特色世界旅游强国的内涵、目标和战略举措。中国具有超大地域与超多样性自然景观、超长历史与超多样化文化景观、超大人口规模与经济总量、越来越好的社会外向度与人文环境以及逐渐成熟且已进入良性循环状态的旅游业,建设世界旅游强国现实可行。但也面临巨大挑战,需要政界、业界和学界乃至社会的共同努力：积极借鉴旅游强国经验,完善涉旅法律法规;建设高效有力的旅游业发展机制,加强文旅融合,做强"旅游+",做大"+旅游";坚持产城互动和区域协同;用数字技术手段发展智慧旅游;充分调动海内外有利因素打造大中华旅游品牌;尽快遴选和建设一批世界级旅游景区、旅游度假区和世界旅游城市,确保国家"十四五"旅游规划目标的顺利实现。     

转型与重组之后的国有旅游企业:为何与如何

经过四分之一世纪的发展，中国旅游市场无论在规模上还是结构上都已经在全球占有一个不可忽视并且日益上升的地位。特别是由于出境旅游的高速增长，中国已经是国际旅游产业界的显话题。在这一背景下，“旅游强国”的战略目标正在成为越来越多的人们的共识。尽管我们可以从入境旅游者的数量、外汇收入、旅游收入占GDP的比重、科技含量、专业人才的品质与数量、政府的管理水平等各个方面对这一战略目标加以解读，我们却无法否认这样一个基本的前提：在国际旅游产业中具有强大竞争力的旅游企业集群的发育与成长是“旅游强国”的必然内涵。     

出境旅游发展与旅游强国建设

建设旅游强国,是本世纪初我国确定的未来20年旅游业发展的奋斗目标。从某种程度上说,一个国家出境旅游的发展水平是世界旅游强国的重要衡量标准。     

中职旅游服务与管理专业课程设置的现状及优化途径

随着我国全面建设小康社会的不断推进,中国旅游业发展前景十分广阔。伴随着我国建设世界旅游强国的目标,社会对旅游人才的需求日益增强,人才竞争日趋激烈。中职学校作为旅游行业复合型技能人才的重要培养基地,当前的人才培养模式已不能适应新形势下发展的新要求。本文基于对中职旅游服务与管理专业课程设置发展背景与现状分析,针对专业课程设置滞后于经济社会发展需求、理论知识教学与实践教学脱节、实用性不强等问题提出优化途径,以期为专业建设改革和人才培养质量的提高提供有价值的参考。     

论我国西部旅游远程教育体系的构建

旅游行业是个实践性和创新性很强的行业 ,随着其深入发展 ,对专业人才的需要也越来越迫切。虽然旅游业竞争的形式多种多样 ,但归根结底都将涉及旅游人才的竞争。西部地区是我国旅游资源最为丰富的地区 ,也是发展旅游业前景最为广阔的地区 ,面对西部大开发和中国加入WTO的机遇和挑战 ,旅游教育对西部旅游发展的重要性日益凸现。与传统的旅游教育方式相比 ,利用远程开展旅游教育在西部地区更具有优势。本文试图通过对旅游学科及远程教育特点的分析 ,初步构建西部旅游远程教育体系     

建设世界旅游强国的前沿关注

学术研究应该是要为实践服务的。中国旅游业未来发展的总目标就是要建设世界旅游强国,中国旅游业的学术研究理所当然应与这一目标、发展趋势和实践紧密结合起来,为此,我们需要认真深入研究一些关系中国旅游业发展的全局性、战略性、前瞻性的问题,研究深层次影响中国旅游业发展的根本问题,要从战略、市场、增长方式、发展环境、产业、制度等六个大的方面来探索、总结和创新。     

关于旅游学科发展与旅游管理专业课程体系建设的思考

本文提出了中国旅游事业以及高等旅游教育与科研近30年发展中几个主要方面问题:旅游和高等旅游教育科研的所得和所失、旅游的基本性质、高等旅游教育的定性、旅游学能否成为一门独立学科、旅游学科体系的建设、旅游管理专业课程体系构成、旅游管理专业主干课程及内容的确定,分析了这些问题的根源.在此基础上集中阐述了作者对旅游学科定性和定位、旅游学科理论体系结构、旅游学科的研究方法论、旅游管理专业课程体系构建等问题的观点.     

中国旅游发展笔谈——旅游管理体制改革（一）——中国建设成世界旅游强国需要解决的十个问题邵琪伟

经过改革开放以来30多年的发展,中国已经实现了从旅游资源大国向世界旅游大国的历史转变,今后相当一段时期发展的主要任务,是在“把旅游业培育成国民经济的战略性支柱产业和人民群众更加满意度的现代服务业”的基础上,建设世界旅游强国。为实现这个目标,初步考虑,有十个重点问题需要解决。     

县域旅游目的地体系研究——以诸暨市为例

随着全国旅游业竞争重心的转变以及县域旅游地位的提升,县域旅游目的地的旅游已成为全国旅游业发展的重要组成部分。本文以诸暨市为例,阐述了旅游吸引物体系、旅游产品体系、旅游营销体系、旅游环境体系、旅游服务体系等五个方面内容,以期为带动县域旅游目的地旅游发展提供经验参考。     

打造中国艺术山脉，开创新时代“艺术+旅游”国际化发展的“仙女山样本”

文章以探索文旅融合发展创新模式为目标,根据“艺术+旅游”产业发展的普遍规律,结合世界各大旅游强国“艺术+旅游”产业发展经验,浅析全球化背景下中国文旅产业发展现状,对发展“艺术+旅游”新型业态的必要性和必然性进行论证,并据此提出在重庆市武隆区仙女山国家级旅游度假区打造“中国艺术山脉”的构想及可行性建议,以期从市场化、产业化、国际化的角度,打造一个具有全国示范意义和全球产业价值的“艺术+旅游”全新形态,为中国文旅融合发展及文化强国建设提供新参考、探索新模式、开辟新路径。     

创意转向与创意旅游

全球化时代,文化主导的旅游开发模式逐渐成为促进城市和区域经济发展、提升竞争力的重要战略手段。但同时,文化的重复生产和商品化现象也日益明显,导致了文化发展的创意转向。在此背景下,基于文化的创意旅游逐渐成为旅游发展的重要趋势之一。通过对国内外创意旅游概念的系统分析,本文总结了创意旅游的核心要素和特征,分别从生产和消费两个角度构建了创意旅游研究的基本分析框架,并对未来我国创意旅游研究进行了展望。     

非大众型旅游(Alternative tourism)：起源、概念及特征

近年来,Ａｌｔｅｒｎｆｔｉｖｅ ｔｏｕｒｉｓｍ频繁出现在有关学术刊物上,人们一般将Ａｌｔｅｎａｔｉｖｅ ｔｏｕｒｉｓｍ译为“选择性旅游”或“可替代旅游”。笔者认为这种译法并不能准确地表达Ａｌｔｅｒｎａｔｉｖｅ ｔｏｕｒｉｓｍ的涵义,而且人们也没有进一步说明Ａｌｔｅｒｎａｔｉｖｅ ｔｏｕｒｉｓｍ的内涵和特征。本文通过分析Ａｌｔｅｒｎａｔｉｖｅ ｔｏｕｒｉｓｍ的起源、概念及特征,探讨到底什么是Ａｌｔｅ     

旅游与接待业研究:中国与国外的比较--兼论中国旅游学科的成熟度

本文主要探讨了中国旅游研究与国外旅游研究所存在的差距。根据作者利用网络资源所做的调查，本文得出了这样的结论：与国外同行的研究水平相比，中国的旅游研究还存在一定的差距。表现在：学术期刊以及研究文献的数量都远不及英语国家；中国的旅游学术界往往追逐由各级政府部门所引导的热门话题而进行研究；在学术研究上由于缺乏充分的跟进研究，使有价值的学术积累非常单薄；中国的旅游学还很难成为一个独立的学科。作者通过实证分析的方法对上述命题进行了探讨。     

Tourist satisfaction in relation to attractions and implications for conservation in the protected areas of the Northern Circuit,Tanzania

This study assessed tourist satisfaction and its links with tourist attractions and infrastructure at the following six protected areas on the Northern Tourist Circuit of Tanzania: Tarangire National Park, Lake Manyara National Park, Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Serengeti National Park, Arusha National Park, and Mt. Kilimanjaro National Park. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 185 tourists visiting the protected areas. Satisfaction ratings for the Northern Circuit were high, with 86% of tourists willing to be repeat visitors. Tourists were attracted primarily to wildlife viewing. Although most tourists were not influenced to visit the region by indigenous culture or physical features, 81% of tourists noted that non-wildlife attractions enhanced their tourist experience. A range of ways to develop more sustainable forms of tourism emerged from the work, including lengthening stays, guide/driver capacity building, and partnership working with tour operators to improve marketing, increase satisfaction rates, and diversify the product.     

Conflict and agreement in stakeholder attitudes: residents’ and hotel managers’ views of tourism impacts and forest-related tourism development

This paper probes differences in attitudes toward tourism impacts between two leading stakeholder groups in tourism, local residents and the managers of tourism facilities. It uses case study surveys of residents and managers in Belek, Antalya, Turkey. Differences in attitudes across seven main areas are investigated, including the positive and negative economic outcomes of tourism; positive and negative sociocultural impacts; negative environmental impacts; views on further tourism development, and benefits and problems related to forested land close to destinations. The results reveal that some attitudes are held in common – especially positive attitudes including tourism's benefits in creating jobs and income. Differences were mostly observed not in the direction but in the strength of opinion. The most significant differences were found in managers' beliefs that tourism's environmental and social impacts were few, while residents were extremely negative about those impacts. Differences of attitudes on the future use of forestland headed the list of all differences between managers and residents. Divergent loyalties were revealed. Managers supported their business and employers; local people supported their local area. The need for further research, including the role of perhaps distant “moral stakeholders”, and for more comprehensive understanding, and more sustainable outcomes, are highlighted.     

旅游域模型及其结合GIS的应用

本文在Wilson模型的基础上，运用空间相互作用理论建立了旅游域模型，通过实例分析计算，给出了模型参数，进一步， 文章研究了模型与GIS技术的问题，我们以Map-Info为基本平台，利用它的二次开发语言MapBasic编程，通过对两个实例的研究，提出用旅游域模型分析旅游业发展问题的方法，并探索了应用旅游域模型规划旅游区的技术方法。     

Planning for ecotourism in the protected area of Manesht and Ghelarang,Ilam Province,Iran

ABSTRACT

This paper reports a study of the Manesht- and Ghelarang-protected area in Iran. The study sought to identify ways in which sustainable tourism policies could be generated that aid the natural and human environments. From surveys and questionnaires completed by tourists, residents, and officials, an initial set of 10 areas of weakness, 9 strengths, and 6 opportunities were identified. Using these classifications combined with mapping techniques that included maps of topography and flora, a subsequent Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution analysis identified potential future policies that require infrastructure development and reinforced pro-environmental policies to address the problems currently being experienced.     

边境旅游研究进展与启示——以SSCI论文为例

边境旅游是促进区域一体化发展和强化跨境旅游合作的主要手段,深入分析国际边境旅游研究脉络与研究热点,对促进富民兴边、睦邻安邦及对接国际国内旅游“双循环”具有重要借鉴意义。本文以1995—2021年发表的1 124篇SSCI英文文献为基础,对边境旅游研究领域的时间分布、关键词突现、聚类特征等进行可视化分析。研究发现,英文文献中对边境旅游的研究可分为起步阶段、发展阶段与创新阶段;主要研究议题包括边境旅游吸引物、边境旅游影响、边境旅游安全及跨境旅游合作;边境旅游研究趋势发生两大转变,一是研究视角从单一向多元转向,二是理论探索从功能说向效应说深入。建议国内对边境旅游的研究应结合国家战略拓展边境旅游研究议题,强调中国边境旅游特色的同时贡献“中国智慧”。     

Consulting communities: using audience response system (ARS) technology to assess community preferences for sustainable recreation and tourism development

Audience response system (ARS) technology (also known as “clickers”) has emerged as an educational tool that promotes active learning. This paper describes how ARS works and how it can also be used in research to assess community preferences for tourism development. A case study that used ARS technology shows how stakeholder preferences for extraction, heritage tourism and recreation within two rural mountain economies in the US west were effectively assessed. The use of ARS was backed by situation assessment procedures to determine appropriate stimulus questions probing trade-offs, perceived costs/benefits and cultural fit. A detailed series of key results measured community preferences and were made available to guide policymaking and future empirical survey work. Public meeting arrangements, publicity, structure and moderation for the ARS work is described and discussed. Evaluation of the use of ARS technology showed high levels of participant satisfaction with both the technology and the situation assessment procedures, and the emergence of potential tourism development actions.