国际产业转移趋势及中国应对之策

在国际产业结构大调整过程中。国际产业转移充当了重要的角色。从近几年发展看,其他国家对中国的产业转移也正在逐步深入,同时也呈现出了一些新的特征和趋势。基于产业转移理论,分析了国际产业转移的趋势,指出了中国在国际产业转移过程中存在的问题,提出了合理承接国际产业转移的基本对策。     

Export Performance: Is It Possible through Knowledge and Capabilities? Evidence from Turkish Manufacturing Firms

Purpose: This article measures to what extent export performance is affected by certain resource-based view (RBV) elements and seeks to elucidate relationships between these elements. Design: Among those RBV elements, knowledge and experience as resources, and marketing, production, product development, logistics, and service differentiation as capabilities, are chosen to be the basis of this research. Their effects on export performance are measured with a survey applied to personnel of Turkish manufacturing firms operating in Istanbul district. Findings: The results show us that marketing planning capabilities and service differentiation capabilities have a significant effect on export performance. The overwhelming effect of knowledge and experience of firms on marketing planning capabilities is one of the intriguing findings. Notwithstanding that, we found no trace of a relationship between product development capabilities and service differentiation capabilities. Value: This research provides several managerial and academic implications by contributing to a resource-based view in terms of knowledge and capabilities. Additionally, in this study, it is underlined that collective knowledge is vital for achieving high export performance.     

基于产业链的知识转移与创新结构研究

产业知识蕴藏于产业中不同的企业,构成了以产业链为纽带、企业为节点的知识系统,研究产业链中知识转移与创新结构,对于揭示知识在产业中的运动规律,建立产业自主创新机制,具有重要的理论和实践意义。本文基于产业链的组成和知识的特性,研究了产业链中不同企业的作用、知识特性、知识转移,在此基础上,建立了基于产业链的知识转移和创新结构,分析了结构中知识社会化、外部化、组合化和内部化过程,并给出了建议和启示。     

Knowledge transfer among the small businesses of a Brazilian cluster

This study verifies how knowledge is transferred among small businesses operating in industrial clusters, how this competitive resource circulates and is accessed within the cluster. Interfirm cooperation, industrial support institutions, workforce mobility and social ties, concepts highlighted in the literature as dimensions of the knowledge transfer process, were used to structure the survey instrument, which was applied in the cluster that leads Brazilian furniture exports. Questionnaire responses were received from 198 firms and submitted to factor analysis. Conclusions and theoretical contributions of the study are that: (i) the knowledge transfer process is multi-dimensional; (ii) knowledge transfer can occur in clusters even in the absence of interfirm cooperation; (iii) the dimensions of the process can be combined in various ways to facilitate knowledge transfer; (iv) this combination may differ from cluster to cluster; and (v) producers are more likely than suppliers to perceive and access knowledge available in the cluster.     

产业集群升级的内生动力及其作用机制研究

产业集群升级的研究正逐步从通过外部拉动转向从集群内部挖掘升级潜力。但目前对内部升级途径的研究往往从某个角度出发,分析影响升级的几个因素,缺乏对集群内各动力要素及其作用机制完整的阐述和论证。在此背景下,文章首先研究了产业集群升级的四个内在动力要素及要素之间相互作用构成的知识网络;接着分析了集群动力要素间互动以促进集群升级的知识更新机制;进而构建了知识网络中四个动力要素在知识更新中发挥作用的“四力”模型及作用机制;最后,以浙江余姚灯具产业集群为例对模型作了应用分析。研究表明,核心企业、大学和科研院所、生产型服务机构及政府机构等集群知识网络要素的作用发挥及其匹配是集群顺利升级的关键。     

The value of business managers' ‘Information Technology’ competence

This study analyses the role of general managers and their competence in information technologies (ITs) in the integration of these technologies in knowledge-intensive businesses. From a resource-based view, it assesses the effect of managers' IT knowledge and vision on information management in their organizations. It focuses on two knowledge industries: telecommunication and biotechnology, with a final sample of 122 firms. Structural equations are used to assess the data. The findings show that the role of managers goes further than supporting and championing ITs. They are direct key actors in the IT–business integration. For this reason, managers should understand IT potential and information system management in order to combine this knowledge with their unique strategic vision of the business, foreseeing opportunities and needs.     

Will industrial districts exploit B2B? A local experience and a general assessment

NETNOMICS: Economic Research and Electronic Networking - When production is carried out by many geographically clustered small firms specialised in particular production phases that subcontract one...     

企业资源基础论的经济学基础

企业资源基础论的发展很大程度上是由其经济学理论基石所决定的。企业资源基础论产生、依赖或从属于广泛的各门各类的经济学理论。新古典经济学、产业组织经济学和进化经济学是企业资源基础论的三种经济学基础。事实上 ,以不同的经济学为基础进行研究 ,就会产生不同的关于竞争优势的企业资源基础论。因此 ,为企业资源基础论选择一种合适的经济学基础就显得非常重要。     

资源型城市创新体系的空间发展方式

区域创新活动布局于特定的地理空间,具有一定的结构特征,是区域创新能力与水平的表征。针对我国资源型城市创新体系的空间结构残缺,严重阻碍创新体系功能发挥的现状,以科技工业园作为资源型城市创新体系的空间发展方式,对资源型城市创新具有重大作用。     

论知识要素在东北老工业基地长远发展中的作用

振兴东北老工业基地的战略部署,给东北带来了难得的历史性发展机遇。东北老工业基地长远发展的出路在于培育技术知识。政府应加大对公共教育的投资;保护专利,鼓励私人的研究与开发,并加强自身的直接研究与开发;在国家教育体系下继续发展有东北特色的技术教育,适合培养自身产业需要的技术工人,以满足企业对此类人才的需求。     

绿色农产品市场均衡障碍及化解

随着人们对环保和自身健康的日益重视,绿色农产品已成为全社会关注的热点。分析绿色农产品市场均衡的障碍,探寻化解绿色农产品市场均衡障碍的路径。为此,研究对提高绿色农产品市场效率,促进绿色农产品生产与贸易和谐发展具有重要意义。     

基于横向知识整合的产业集群创新

横向知识整合引起的产业集群创新存在两个均衡状态:不同规模企业间的知识整合与大企业间的知识整合。目前对产业集群创新,尤其是横向知识整合方面的研究较少。利用博弈论对横向知识整合的产业集群创新活动进行分析,研究横向知识整合的产业集群创新过程中企业之间的最优策略,表明不同规模企业间的稳定均衡是大企业创新小企业模仿,大企业间的稳定均衡是合作式创新。     

资源型城市接续产业发展研究

资源型城市人口剧增、资源过度消耗、环境污染等问题越来越严重地阻碍着我国经济的发展,且资源储量大幅下降,产业结构单一、区域生态条件恶化。国家应采取产业延伸、替代产业及复合型模式促进其发展,并以政策倾斜优化其资源配置,实现资源型城市接续产业可持续发展。     

供应链知识协同与集群企业创新绩效关系的实证研究——基于组织学习的中介作用

近年来越来越多的研究指出,对本地知识的过分依赖容易导致集群企业陷入发展路径的低端锁定,因此集群企业需同时建立本地和超本地知识网络以获取不同的互补性资源。文章认为供应链组织为集群企业建立本地和超本地知识网络提供了有效的途径。文章基于浙江省集群企业的问卷调查数据,实证考查了本地和超本地供应链知识协同对集群企业创新绩效的影响以及组织学习能力的中介作用。结果表明：本地供应链知识协同对集群企业创新绩效有显著正向影响,且隐性知识协同的效果更佳;超本地供应链知识协同对集群企业创新绩效有显著正向影响,且显性知识协同的效果更佳;组织学习能力在供应链知识协同与集群企业创新绩效的关系中发挥完全中介作用。     

黑龙江省高端装备制造业集群发展研究

黑龙江省作为我国老工业基地之一,以哈尔滨、齐齐哈尔为重点的装备制造业集群已初具规模。但黑龙江省高端装备制造业集群发展中存在着发展模式单一、管理体制落后、产业链条短、创新意识淡薄等问题。应通过体制和产品创新,带动装备制造业整体升级,实现技术产品化、装备成套化、配套本地化,全面促进产业结构优化升级,构建国家高端装备制造业基地,从而促进高端装备制造业产业集群的发展。