信息技术行业企业规模与技术创新关系的实证研究

企业规模是影响技术创新的一个重要因素,研究企业规模与技术创新之间的关系,对国家制定正确的产业政策,具有十分重要的意义。文章结合信息技术行业应用方差分析对企业规模与技术创新之间的关系进行实证研究,实证结果表明：在信息技术行业,企业规模对技术创新具有显著性的影响,中小企业的技术创新水平要大于大规模企业的技术创新水平。因此,应加大对信息技术行业中小企业技术创新的扶持力度,以促进我国整体技术创新水平的提高。     

IT技术在2008年北京奥运物流系统中的运用分析

本文认为,2008年北京奥运物流系统运用IT技术,应坚持借鉴与创新相结合、长远利益与近期利益相结合、勤俭与高效相结合、权责相称与舆论监督相结合及以人为本、安全第一的原则;在信息平台设计中要充分考虑到安全性与开放性,将赛事物流与非赛事物流分开,确保快速满足赛事物流的需要;在交通方面,建立城市公共交通管理系统、交通信息管理系统、道路交通管理系统、安全与紧急救援管理系统、客货运管理系统、交通基础设施管理系统和电子收费系统;在安全方面,创造性地采用人脸识别智能监控报警ITS,以确保2008年北京奥运会圆满成功。     

Perspectives in the Interplay Between Business and Information Systems Engineering and Computer Science

The relationship between business and information systems engineering (BISE) and its main reference disciplines business administration and informatics has changed several times during the last decades. Despite some frictions during the 1980 s and 1990 s, the interplay between informatics and BISE is becoming much more constructive and has proven extremely fruitful. Important examples of this co-evolution include data management and conceptual modeling, internet-based information and transaction systems, and the emergence of computational business sciences. The increasing integration of virtual and real world in the “Internet of Things” offers new scientific and organizational challenges for the cooperation between the BISE and informatics, which can only be formulated and solved jointly. This article is also available in German in print and via http://www.wirtschaftsinformatik.de: Jarke M (2008) Perspektiven der Wirtschaftsinformatik aus Sicht der Informatik. WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK. doi: . Accepted after one revision by Prof. Dr. Buhl.     

技术转移过程中的信息用户及其需求分析

信息化环境是影响技术转移效率和速率高低的根本原因。对技术转移过程中涉及的三类信息用户：技术供给方、技术需求方、技术转移中介方的信息需求进行了详细分析,并提出了相应的信息保障对策,为如何促进技术转移服务业发展提供了新的研究方向。     

Social Entrepreneurship in Nonprofit Organizations: An Empirical Investigation of the Synergy Between Social and Business Objectives

Social entrepreneurship in nonprofit organizations has emerged as an increasingly important domain, both in academic research and in practice. This article attempts to further enhance our understanding of the management of nonprofit organizations by investigating the way they balance social and business objectives. Over 200 senior managers of nonprofit organizations participated in our structured telephone interview. The data revealed that many organizations worried about the potential for reduced or lost funding, especially during economic hard times. Issues of sustainability usually headed their list of concerns. Many of these organizations sought to establish revenue generating business streams to offset expected funding shortfalls. The data suggested that over 70% of the nonprofit organizations we interviewed resided in the social entrepreneurship zone. Our results also showed that maintaining a social objective and managing a viable business can be complementary and mutually beneficial activities.     

中日两国监事会信息监控制度的比较分析

信息披露制度包括外部监管和内部监控两方面。在信息内部监控的机制中,监事会的地位是非常重要的。目前我国的监事会信息监控制度很不完善,影响了信息披露制度和公司内部治理结构的运转,是造成虚假信息大量泛滥的主要原因之一。对日本商法相关规定进行比较分析,以期获得如何加强我国监事会信息监控职能的有益启示。     

The Color of Choice: The Influence of Presenting Product Information in Color on the Compromise Effect

Consumers often find themselves challenged by the conflicting desires to seek uniqueness versus conformity, and thus seek some degree of balance. In a series of six studies we show that presenting each options’ product-related information in a unique color, as opposed to all product-related information presented in black-on-white, partially satiates the desire for uniqueness, thus amplifying the compromise effect. Consumers facing color presentation formats choose the middle, conforming option more often, yet perceive their choice as more unique. This color effect is not realized if each option's attributes are presented in different colors, but all options use a consistent color scheme, as is often the case in on-line retailing sites such as Amazon.com. Having to justify one's choice moderates the color effect. The practical take-away is that consumers’ choices can be influenced by using unique colors to present option-related product information, a variable that is entirely independent of the options’ performance characteristics. Two field studies confirm this finding, one using a plain background versus a colored background in a product display and the other using product containers that are either in plain white or wrapped in unique colors.     

Relationship Between Companies and the Public on Facebook: The Portuguese and the Brazilian Context

ABSTRACT

This study analyzes how companies use Facebook to facilitate discussions with the public in two countries, Portugal and Brazil, through an exploratory content analysis of corporate Facebook pages. Overall, companies in both countries tend to recognize the relevance of Facebook in relationship development and therefore they use online strategies. Nevertheless, Portuguese companies are ahead of the Brazilian in providing calendars of events and partnerships with blogs/giveaways. They also tend to include more links to media reports. Compared to the Portuguese, the Brazilian public enjoys posting publications that express their feelings and/or emotions more. The article also discusses the implications of corporate relationship management practice.     

近代浙江地方银行与政府之关系研究

与近代众多官办地方银行显著不同的是,浙江地方银行在其历史上发挥了独特的积极作用,而这种作用的产生与浙江地方银行和政府之间的关系有着深刻的内在联系。本文认为,浙江地方银行与政府(包括中央和地方政府)的关系主要体现在行政上的隶属关系、业务上的管理与被管理以及经营中的利益关系三个层面。总体来看,相互间形成了一种良性循环,并对地方经济起到了有效的促进作用,但同时双方也存在着种种体制和利益上的矛盾冲突。     

企业再造时电子商务与信息系统的互动与整合

现今企业纷纷通过再造业务流程以适应当今时代变化 ,在这一再造过程中 ,企业信息系统与电子商务的互动与整合至为关键。因此 ,企业在再造时应充分依据实际情况 ,建设与实际业务流程相吻合的信息系统与电子商务。以使企业的信息处理要求更少、速度更快、效率更高而充分适应网络时代的经济变化     

Strategy and Structure in Information-Intensive Markets: The Relationship Between Marketing and IT

This paper discusses the relationship between the traditionalfunctions of Marketing and Information Technology (IT) from theperspective of the emerging information-intensive marketsthat characterize the environment faced by most modern organizations.First, a conceptual framework is presented for understandingthe range of information-intensive strategies (built aroundexploiting the Customer Information File as the key corporateasset) that are increasingly the determinants of competitivesuccess. Next, the appropriate organizational structure to supportthese strategies is proposed—one in which the historicalseparation between marketing and IT is abandoned in favor ofa new structure organized around a core set of information-processingactivities. Finally, the characteristics of this new organizationare described—in particular its role as a market-drivenlearning organization and, increasingly, as a living, biologicalorganism.     

物联网与云计算环境下的大连农业信息服务模式构建

随着物联网和云计算等新兴技术的高速发展,加强农业科技和服务体系建设成为加快发展现代农业的必然。当前,大连地区农村信息化建设取得了明显进展,政府主导型服务模式蓬勃发展:信息呈爆炸性增长;数字化信息程度高;终端多样化;信息需求个性化强;信息服务成本下降。通过构建信息采集模块、网络模式、云计算模块、信息服务展现模块,建立一个全方位、多角度、立体化、智能化、人性化与个性化的大连特色农业信息服务模式,推进农业信息服务领域中物联网与云计算技术整合的时机已经成熟。     

Transformation of the Information Technology Function in Organizations: A Case Study in the Manufacturing Sector

The main goal of this study is to better understand the nature of transformations of the Information Technology (IT) function in organizations. A conceptual framework combining a typology of the IT function and key elements of the theory of punctuated equilibrium was developed and applied in a case study of a manufacturing company. Our results suggest that IT functions are transformed in response to various pressures that push it toward change. However, these pressures need to be channelled through a catalyst consisting of three independent elements: (a) the vision of the enterprise concerning the potential value of IT tools, (b) the degree of Chief Information Officer's participation in strategic decision making, and (c) the level of IT knowledge among members of the executive team. Finally, our results challenge the notion that all IT functions tend towards the same optimal profile over time. Copyright © 2011 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

企业流程再造与ERP成功实施的关系研究

采用企业资源计划(ERP)系统是企业信息化改造的核心,在过去的20年里被国内外企业广泛响应。一部分企业通过应用ERP实现了企业集成、绩效改进及竞争力的提升,而某些企业则投资巨大却没有达到预期的效果。利用分层回归分析方法,对企业管理再造与成功实施ERP的关系进行实证分析,验证了企业管理再造是成功实施ERP的关键因素。     

黑龙江省信息技术外包企业提升竞争力的对策研究

在黑龙江省转变经济增长方式过程中,信息技术外包业正发挥着越来越重要的作用,逐步成为经济发展新的增长点之一。加快黑龙江省信息技术外包发展,必须突破当前市场环境、人力资源和相关政策法规等因素的制约,大力提升企业市场竞争力。政府应建立健全相关的政策法规,为进一步发挥产业园区的集群效应创造条件;引导企业成立行业协会。以促进企业自律。信息技术外包服务企业应深入分析自身的优劣势,制定科学的发展战略,改进人力资源管理机制,加大技术创新力度,提升信息安全管理水平,从而全方位提升信息技术外包企业的竞争力。     

Evaluation of the Information and Communications Infrastructures of Bulgaria and Romania Following Their Accession to the EU

ABSTRACT

The European Union (EU) completed a massive expansion in 2004. On January 1, 2007 Bulgaria and Romania were admitted into the union. EU accession requires the fulfillment of a list of requirements relating to judicial, economic, information and social infrastructures. This article examines Bulgaria's and Romania's National Information Infrastructures (NII) analyzing traditional, high technology and competitive structures. Comparisons are made to the original 15 European Union member countries' (EU15) NII structures and to those ten countries which entered in 2004 (EU10). Results of the analysis indicate that Bulgaria and Romania compare favorably on traditional measures, though high technology infrastructures lag considerably in some instances, and will be costly to build well beyond available EU funding sources. The gap will provide opportunities for western high technology firms which should be favorably embraced by the two resource strapped governments.     

The Link Between Small Business Governance and Performance: The Case of the Ghanaian SME Sector

ABSTRACT

The present study set out to examine corporate governance practices of SMEs in Ghana and whether there is any linkage between these governance practices and financial performance. We employed two levels of interaction to achieve our objectives: The first is an interview for a general understanding of governance issues in the SME sector and the subsequent design of a questionnaire for an exploration of the linkages between governance issues and firm financial performance by employing a linear model. The study reveals that governance structures in SMEs are jointly influenced by credit providers and business ethical considerations. The regression results show that board size, size of audit committees, corporate ethics and the proportion of outsiders on the audit committees have negative impact on financial performance while independence of the board and the presence of audit committees enhance firms' financial performance. The findings have some policy implications in that it shows that exporting SMEs are relatively profitable. It is recommended that in an attempt to promote exports, the legal and regulatory environment should be conducive for these firms.     

信息不对称性与风险企业相机控制权安排的关系分析

相机控制权安排是风险投资合约的中心问题之一。在风险资本融资时,存在信息不对称和逆向选择问题。创业家向风险资本家转移的控制权是显示其类型的信号,这是一个不完全信息动态博弈问题。拥有相机控制权的风险资本家会根据事后的信息决定是否对风险企业进行干预。如果进行干预,创业家得不到私人利益。因此,风险资本家拥有相机控制权,对好创业家来说,成本是很低的,对坏创业家而言,是很大的威胁,从而使好创业家得到融资的同时,减少了坏创业家进行融资的可能性。     

The Corporate Side of the Blogosphere: Examining the Variations of Design and Engagement Among Fortune 500 Blogs

Using design and communication principles, this study uses a content analysis design to evaluate all active blogs from the 2011 Fortune 500 list (n = 125). The results indicate that corporate America has only modestly incorporated the dialogic principles into their blogs. Current corporate blogs are well-designed as far as making them searchable and easy to navigate; however, the blogs are mostly being used to provide information in a one-way manner rather than creating an open dialogue with consumers. While blogging can enhance relationships with stakeholders, corporate communicators must strive to develop legitimate conversations with their blog readers.     

环境信息披露质量与银行信贷决策--来自我国沪深两市A股重污染行业上市公司经验证据

本文以沪深两市A股重污染行业2012－2013年上市公司为样本,实证考察我国重污染行业上市公司环境信息披露质量与银行信贷决策两者之间的相互关系。研究发现：重污染行业上市公司环境信息披露质量越高,可获得的银行借款越多。进一步研究发现,环境信息披露质量对重污染行业上市公司短期银行借款的影响更为显著,对长期银行借款的影响则较弱。研究证实,重污染行业上市公司提高环境信息披露质量有助于企业获取更多的银行借款,尤其是短期银行借款。